by Li Sze-Ming, Tam Ming-Yan. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-100). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.iii / CHAPTER / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.i / Chapter I.I. --- Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation's Announcement --- p.1 / Chapter I.II. --- Banking Industry Revolution --- p.4 / Chapter I.III. --- Major Issues --- p.6 / Chapter I.IV. --- Services Fees --- p.7 / Chapter II. --- BANK FEES AND FUTURE IMPLICATIONS --- p.8 / Chapter II.I. --- Should The Banks Impose Services Fees/Charges? --- p.8 / Chapter II.I.I. --- Analysis of Big Banks --- p.9 / Chapter II.I.I.I. --- Stagnant Growth in Banking Industry --- p.11 / Chapter II.I.I.II. --- Interest Rate Deregulation --- p.16 / Chapter II.I.I.III. --- Deposit Insurance Schemes --- p.19 / Chapter II.I.I.IV. --- Technology Advancements --- p.21 / Chapter II.I.II. --- Analysis of Medium and Small Banks --- p.24 / Chapter II.I.II.I. --- Excess Capacity --- p.28 / Chapter II.I.II.II. --- """Human"" Banking" --- p.31 / Chapter II.I.II.III. --- Deposit Insurance Scheme --- p.32 / Chapter II.II. --- How Should Fees Be Charged? --- p.34 / Chapter II.II.I. --- What Are The Criticisms? --- p.34 / Chapter II.II.I.I. --- Social Responsibilities --- p.34 / Chapter II.II.I.II. --- Commodity --- p.35 / Chapter II.II.I.III. --- Self-Servicing Facilities is Not for Everyone --- p.26 / Chapter II.II.I.IV. --- Specific Roles --- p.36 / Chapter II.II.I.V. --- Social Stratification --- p.37 / Chapter II.II.II. --- Who Could Bear the Charge? --- p.37 / Chapter II.II.III. --- What are the Fees Strategies? --- p.38 / Chapter II.II.III.I. --- Raising Existing Fees --- p.38 / Chapter II.II.III.II. --- Inventing New Fees --- p.39 / Chapter II.II.III.III. --- Making It More Difficult To Avoid Fees --- p.39 / Chapter II.II.IV. --- What Should Be the Pricing Structures? --- p.40 / Chapter II.II.IV.I. --- One-Size-Fits-All Approach --- p.40 / Chapter II.II.IV.II. --- Pay-As-You-Go Approach --- p.41 / Chapter II.II.IV.III. --- Tiered Interest Rate Scheme --- p.42 / Chapter II.III. --- Future Development of Banking Industry --- p.46 / Chapter II.III.I. --- Markets Segmentations --- p.46 / Chapter II.III.II. --- Merger and Acquisition --- p.48 / Chapter II.III.III. --- Fees-Oriented Market --- p.49 / Chapter II.III.IV. --- Customer-Value Focus --- p.51 / Chapter II.III.V. --- Branches Reform --- p.52 / Chapter II.III.VI. --- Self-Servicing Facilities --- p.53 / Chapter II.III.VII. --- Posts Offices --- p.54 / Chapter III. --- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION --- p.55 / APPENDIX --- p.57 / Chapter 1 --- HSBC'S NEW SERVICES AND CHARGES POLICY --- p.58 / Chapter 2 --- A COMPARISON OF BANKING SERVICE FEES OF BIG BANKS --- p.65 / Chapter 3 --- A COMPARISON OF BANKING SERVICE FEES OF MEDIUM AND SMALL BANKS --- p.70 / Chapter 4 --- A COMPARISON OF SMALL DEPOSIT ACCOUNT INTEREST RATES AND FEES --- p.91 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.93

The rapid advancement in technology-based systems, especially those related to the Internet and World Wide Web, has led to fundamental changes in how banks interact with customers. These developments have propelled banks to be innovative and use alternative delivery channels such as electronic banking with a view to attract more customers, create value for customers, enhance customer satisfaction and ultimately obtain customer loyalty. Within the South African context, a gap in research was identified that dealt with the conceptualisation and measurement of electronic banking service quality. Furthermore, no single empirical or conceptual study could be found that put up the four constructs identified in this study that tested the causal relationships of these constructs. Against this backdrop, the study‘s principal objective was to develop and validate a measuring scale of electronic banking service quality for the South African banking sector. The study also sought to determine the causal relationships amongst the four constructs of the study, namely electronic banking service quality, customer value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. To address these research objectives, the study applied a two-phase design in conducting the research in an effort of enhancing and maximising the outcome of this research endeavour. Phase I of this study comprised a literature review and focus group interviews (qualitative research). An extensive literature review was conducted as an inductive method to build the theoretical foundation of the study, generate the initial pool of items, and define and conceptualise the constructs. Using a deductive method, the focus group interviews were used to generate original items for the development of the scale. Phase II of the study comprised scale refinement and validation of the scale through various interactive statistical applications such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) (quantitative method). Using an exploratory factor analysis, eight determinant dimensions were extracted that constitute electronic banking service quality (EBSQ). These dimensions in accordance of their importance are reliability, system availability, privacy and security, website aesthetics, ease of use, functionality, efficiency, and contact and responsiveness. The Pearson‘s correlation coefficient between each of the eight dimensions and EBSQ was above 0.6 at p<0.01 level of significance showing practical significance. Similarly, the Pearson‘s correlation coefficient among the four constructs, namely EBSQ, customer value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, revealed that there are evidence positive linear correlations among these constructs. T-test statistics and non-parametric correlations were computed to determine the influence of demographic variables such as gender, age, education and income on the perceptions of customers of electronic banking service quality dimensions, electronic banking service quality as a whole, customer value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Employing comprehensive and best practice (inductive and deductive research methods), a measuring scale has been developed and validated for the South African banking sector (primary objective of this study). The purification and validation of the scale involved rigorous statistical methods including exploratory factor analysis followed by confirmatory factor analysis through structural equation modelling (SEM) to ensure the reliability, validity and robustness of the scale. Moreover, the study endeavoured to contribute to the theoretical conceptualisation of electronic banking service quality (EBSQ), which is a relatively new concept in South Africa, and indeed, globally. Eight dimensions of EBSQ have identified and operational definition provided for. The dimensions identified in this research can be used to better understand EBSQ, and to measure and improve service quality levels in the banking sector. Ultimately, a model has been proposed providing South African banks with an instrument to measure, manage, and improve their electronic banking service quality. The model has established the building blocks of electronic banking service quality by identifying the main dimensions or attributes of electronic banking service quality that can be used to improve service quality levels. Furthermore, the study determined the causal relationships among four constructs, namely (I) electronic banking service quality (EBSQ), (II) customer value, (III) customer satisfaction and (IV) customer loyalty through regression path estimates (coefficients), mediation analysis and standardised regression weights. Understanding the intricate relationships among these constructs will definitely enhance the banks‘ approach to customer relationship management (CRM) in this digital era in their quest to provide quality services and devise appropriate customer service solutions. In light of the findings of this research, several managerial implications and recommendations are offered. Amongst others, the research revealed that reliability, privacy and security are the top concerns customers have with regard to electronic banking. Therefore, it is recommended that banks invest in the robustness of the websites for banking transactions by using cutting-edge technology to protect their customers from illicit criminal activity, as security and trust are of crucial importance to customers when engaging in online transactions. The sample size (310) used in this research is consistent with previously developed and validated scales and sufficiently meets the requirements of sample adequacy for the study of this nature. Using the scale developed and validated in this study, future research endeavours are recommended to use a bigger sample size to test the robustness of this scale, and obtain more exact and organisation-specific customer perceptions of electronic banking services. It may be worthwhile for future studies to consider developing a measuring instrument from a different perspective, that is, from other customer groups, namely internal customers (employees) of the banks. / PhD (Marketing Management)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2015.

The rapid advancement in technology-based systems, especially those related to the Internet and World Wide Web, has led to fundamental changes in how banks interact with customers. These developments have propelled banks to be innovative and use alternative delivery channels such as electronic banking with a view to attract more customers, create value for customers, enhance customer satisfaction and ultimately obtain customer loyalty. Within the South African context, a gap in research was identified that dealt with the conceptualisation and measurement of electronic banking service quality. Furthermore, no single empirical or conceptual study could be found that put up the four constructs identified in this study that tested the causal relationships of these constructs. Against this backdrop, the study‘s principal objective was to develop and validate a measuring scale of electronic banking service quality for the South African banking sector. The study also sought to determine the causal relationships amongst the four constructs of the study, namely electronic banking service quality, customer value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. To address these research objectives, the study applied a two-phase design in conducting the research in an effort of enhancing and maximising the outcome of this research endeavour. Phase I of this study comprised a literature review and focus group interviews (qualitative research). An extensive literature review was conducted as an inductive method to build the theoretical foundation of the study, generate the initial pool of items, and define and conceptualise the constructs. Using a deductive method, the focus group interviews were used to generate original items for the development of the scale. Phase II of the study comprised scale refinement and validation of the scale through various interactive statistical applications such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) (quantitative method). Using an exploratory factor analysis, eight determinant dimensions were extracted that constitute electronic banking service quality (EBSQ). These dimensions in accordance of their importance are reliability, system availability, privacy and security, website aesthetics, ease of use, functionality, efficiency, and contact and responsiveness. The Pearson‘s correlation coefficient between each of the eight dimensions and EBSQ was above 0.6 at p<0.01 level of significance showing practical significance. Similarly, the Pearson‘s correlation coefficient among the four constructs, namely EBSQ, customer value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, revealed that there are evidence positive linear correlations among these constructs. T-test statistics and non-parametric correlations were computed to determine the influence of demographic variables such as gender, age, education and income on the perceptions of customers of electronic banking service quality dimensions, electronic banking service quality as a whole, customer value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Employing comprehensive and best practice (inductive and deductive research methods), a measuring scale has been developed and validated for the South African banking sector (primary objective of this study). The purification and validation of the scale involved rigorous statistical methods including exploratory factor analysis followed by confirmatory factor analysis through structural equation modelling (SEM) to ensure the reliability, validity and robustness of the scale. Moreover, the study endeavoured to contribute to the theoretical conceptualisation of electronic banking service quality (EBSQ), which is a relatively new concept in South Africa, and indeed, globally. Eight dimensions of EBSQ have identified and operational definition provided for. The dimensions identified in this research can be used to better understand EBSQ, and to measure and improve service quality levels in the banking sector. Ultimately, a model has been proposed providing South African banks with an instrument to measure, manage, and improve their electronic banking service quality. The model has established the building blocks of electronic banking service quality by identifying the main dimensions or attributes of electronic banking service quality that can be used to improve service quality levels. Furthermore, the study determined the causal relationships among four constructs, namely (I) electronic banking service quality (EBSQ), (II) customer value, (III) customer satisfaction and (IV) customer loyalty through regression path estimates (coefficients), mediation analysis and standardised regression weights. Understanding the intricate relationships among these constructs will definitely enhance the banks‘ approach to customer relationship management (CRM) in this digital era in their quest to provide quality services and devise appropriate customer service solutions. In light of the findings of this research, several managerial implications and recommendations are offered. Amongst others, the research revealed that reliability, privacy and security are the top concerns customers have with regard to electronic banking. Therefore, it is recommended that banks invest in the robustness of the websites for banking transactions by using cutting-edge technology to protect their customers from illicit criminal activity, as security and trust are of crucial importance to customers when engaging in online transactions. The sample size (310) used in this research is consistent with previously developed and validated scales and sufficiently meets the requirements of sample adequacy for the study of this nature. Using the scale developed and validated in this study, future research endeavours are recommended to use a bigger sample size to test the robustness of this scale, and obtain more exact and organisation-specific customer perceptions of electronic banking services. It may be worthwhile for future studies to consider developing a measuring instrument from a different perspective, that is, from other customer groups, namely internal customers (employees) of the banks. / PhD (Marketing Management)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2015.

Assessing performance, quality, and excellence in services are critical topics in the literature. As such, this thesis evaluates aspects related to conceptualisations and measurement models across different disciplinary perspectives. This thesis develops, and validates a multiple-item scale for Modelling service excellence in the UK retail banking sector, according to the perceptions of customers. The scale development method follows Churchill’s (1979) well founded process, and is informed by Anderson and Gerbing’s (1988), and Rossiter’s (2002) guidelines. The model estimates whether the hypothesised antecedents are considered valid for identifying banks which provide excellent services. The findings reveal that reputation, rates, innovation, and technology significantly determine service excellence. This thesis was undertaken in a critical timing, between 2007 and 2012. During that time, the economy and particularly, the banking sector faced a major credit crunch and crisis of confidence in the sector per se. The crisis caused banks to rethink their competitive positioning by re-assessing their strengths (Akdag et al. 2011). Hence, initiating a differentiation between quality and excellence in services was essential. Overall, this thesis contributes to the literature by offering an integrated solution to assessing service excellence, from concept definition and differentiation, to scale development and validation. A new definition of services excellence is introduced and components of services excellence are identified. Hence, distinguishing between service quality and service excellence. Furthermore, the relationship between service excellence and its determinants is explored. Based on an updated set of antecedents and corresponding items, the measurement model provided in this thesis is considered as one of the best available options, realised by testing the postulated hypothesis and the alternative model testing.

Αντικείμενο της εργασίας αυτής είναι η διερεύνηση της χρήσης των εναλλακτικών καναλιών τραπεζικής εξυπηρέτησης στην Ελλάδα καθώς και της πρόθεσης μελλοντικής χρήσης τους από μη χρήστες. Αναφορικά με τη δομή της, η εργασία διακρίνεται εξαρχής σε δύο μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος, το οποίο αποτελεί και τη θεωρητική προσέγγιση του θέματος, αναλύεται σφαιρικά το θέμα της Ηλεκτρονικής Τραπεζικής (e-Βanking) και συγκεκριμένα της Ηλεκτρονικής Τραπεζικής μέσω των Αυτόματων Ταμειολογιστικών Μηχανών (ATMs), μέσω διαδικτύου (Internet Banking) και μέσω τηλεφώνου (Phone Banking). Το e-Banking αξιολογείται ως ένα πολύ ενδιαφέρον κομμάτι του ηλεκτρονικού επιχειρείν, η έρευνα και η μελέτη του οποίου μπορεί να αποδώσει πολύτιμα συμπεράσματα. Γι’ αυτό και η παρούσα εργασία ολοκληρώνεται με ένα ερευνητικό μέρος. Μερικά σημαντικά ευρήματα που προέκυψαν από την ερευνητική διαδικασία συνοψίζονται στα ακόλουθα: α) η διείσδυση της τεχνολογίας αποτελεί βασικό παράγοντα για την ύπαρξη και την ανάπτυξη της διαδικτυακής τραπεζικής, β) η νομοθεσία που ισχύει για τις τραπεζικές συναλλαγές στο διαδίκτυο, τόσο σε Ελληνικό όσο και σε Ευρωπαϊκό επίπεδο, έχει αρκετά κενά και ασάφειες, δημιουργώντας αρνητικές σκέψεις για την αξιοπιστία της διαδικτυακής τραπεζικής, γ) το θέμα της ασφάλειας, αποτελεί το σημαντικότερο παράγοντα αποτροπής για τη χρήση της διαδικτυακής τραπεζικής, δ) οι στόχοι της διαδικτυακής τραπεζικής δεν έχουν επιτευχθεί (μια και η κρίσιμη μάζα πελατών μέχρι σήμερα εξακολουθεί να είναι μικρή) και ε) σήμερα η διαδικτυακή τραπεζική παίζει προς το παρόν βοηθητικό ρόλο στην τραπεζική αγορά της χώρας μας, δίνοντας τη δυνατότητα στον πελάτη της τράπεζας, να έχει μια ακόμη εναλλακτική λύση για να πραγματοποιήσει τις τραπεζικές του συναλλαγές. / The main object of this thesis is to investigate the use of alternative channels of banking services in Greece and the future intentions of use for non-users. This work has two main parts. In the first part, which is a theoretical approach, we analyze comprehensively the issue of electronic banking (e-Banking), and more specifically the Electronic Banking through Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs), Internet (Internet Banking) and phone(Phone Banking). The e-Banking has been evaluated as a very interesting part of e-business. The research and the study of e-banking could have some interesting findings. The second part of this work includes the results that produced by research procedure. Some important findings of this research are following: a) the penetration of technology is a key factor for the development and improvement of online banking, b) the current laws about online banking, in Greece and in Europe in general, are incomplete and they have many loopholes and ambiguities, This fact has as result some negative thoughts about the reliability of online banking, c) the issue of security is the major issue for non widely using online banking, d) targets of online banking have not been achieved (since the number of customers till today is small) and e) current online banking plays supporting role in the banking market of our country, allowing the Banks' customers to have an extra option for executing their banking transactions.

A pesquisa aborda os antecedentes que influenciam na fidelização e as consequências resultantes da fidelização dos clientes no setor bancário, especificamente os funcionários públicos que possuem um vínculo com o banco, por receberam o salário através do banco. Com base na estatística descritiva, análise fatorial e regressão avalia-se os antecedentes de fidelidade (qualidade percebida, satisfação, confiança, comprometimento afetivo, valor percebido e o custo de mudança) e conseqüência de fidelidade (intenção de compra repetida; resistência a persuasão; recomendar o serviço; fortificação do relacionamento; recompensas ou privilégios). Todas às variáveis influenciam a fidelidade do cliente, mas satisfação e o valor percebido são os que mais influenciaram. A fidelidade teve como consequências todas as variáveis apresentadas, mas as que se destacaram foram: intenção de compra repetida; recomendar o serviço e fortificação do relacionamento. A pesquisa traz uma abordagem que possibilita as empresas de alcançar e manter a fidelidade por longo período. A grande limitação da pesquisa é que apresenta uma amostra abaixo da ideal para o tamanho da população. / The research deals with the precedents that play a role on customers loyalty and consequences of this loyalty in banking industry. It is specifically directed on public workers that are linked to the bank once they receive their wages through it. Based on descriptive statistics, factor analysis and regression we (I/it) evaluate the loyalty precedents (perceived quality, satisfaction, trust, affective commitment, perceived value and changing costs) and loyalty consequences (intention of repetitive buying, resistance to persuasion, service recommendation, relationship fortification, rewards and privileges). All these variables influence clients loyalty, but satisfaction and perceived value have influenced most. Loyalty had as consequences all the variables showed. However, special highlight goes to repetitive buying intention, recommendation of the service and relationship certification. The research brings an approach that allows companies to reach and keep loyalty for long time. The big limitation of the research resides on the fact that it was done using a sample size below the ideal, considering the population size.

<p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>This thesis is a part of a larger collaboration between students during the spring semester of 2009. The aim was to work together in order to collect more data and allow deeper analysis in the specific area chosen by each student-group. The goal was to come up with advice for banks on how to target immigrants in Sweden.</p><p>During this process a common theoretical framework was decided on and a questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was written in English and later translated to several other languages in order to reach some of the target groups that were not fluent in English.</p><p>The chosen structure of each paper was to write it more like an article than a “traditional” master thesis.</p>

This thesis is a part of a larger collaboration between students during the spring semester of 2009. The aim was to work together in order to collect more data and allow deeper analysis in the specific area chosen by each student-group. The goal was to come up with advice for banks on how to target immigrants in Sweden. During this process a common theoretical framework was decided on and a questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was written in English and later translated to several other languages in order to reach some of the target groups that were not fluent in English. The chosen structure of each paper was to write it more like an article than a “traditional” master thesis.

A pesquisa aborda os antecedentes que influenciam na fidelização e as consequências resultantes da fidelização dos clientes no setor bancário, especificamente os funcionários públicos que possuem um vínculo com o banco, por receberam o salário através do banco. Com base na estatística descritiva, análise fatorial e regressão avalia-se os antecedentes de fidelidade (qualidade percebida, satisfação, confiança, comprometimento afetivo, valor percebido e o custo de mudança) e conseqüência de fidelidade (intenção de compra repetida; resistência a persuasão; recomendar o serviço; fortificação do relacionamento; recompensas ou privilégios). Todas às variáveis influenciam a fidelidade do cliente, mas satisfação e o valor percebido são os que mais influenciaram. A fidelidade teve como consequências todas as variáveis apresentadas, mas as que se destacaram foram: intenção de compra repetida; recomendar o serviço e fortificação do relacionamento. A pesquisa traz uma abordagem que possibilita as empresas de alcançar e manter a fidelidade por longo período. A grande limitação da pesquisa é que apresenta uma amostra abaixo da ideal para o tamanho da população. / The research deals with the precedents that play a role on customers loyalty and consequences of this loyalty in banking industry. It is specifically directed on public workers that are linked to the bank once they receive their wages through it. Based on descriptive statistics, factor analysis and regression we (I/it) evaluate the loyalty precedents (perceived quality, satisfaction, trust, affective commitment, perceived value and changing costs) and loyalty consequences (intention of repetitive buying, resistance to persuasion, service recommendation, relationship fortification, rewards and privileges). All these variables influence clients loyalty, but satisfaction and perceived value have influenced most. Loyalty had as consequences all the variables showed. However, special highlight goes to repetitive buying intention, recommendation of the service and relationship certification. The research brings an approach that allows companies to reach and keep loyalty for long time. The big limitation of the research resides on the fact that it was done using a sample size below the ideal, considering the population size.

The research sought to investigate the Critical Excellence Factors (CEFs) that drive Excellence in banking industry. Moreover, it examines whether customers perceive the service of an excellent bank differently from a less-excellent bank. Three hypotheses were formed then tested through case study and survey strategy (triangulation), within the Saudi banking industry context. The study combines the EFQM excellence model as an internal assessment tool (case studies), with the SERVQUAL gap model for external assessment (questionnaires). Analysing and contrasting the two sets of results allowed the study to achieve its main objective. Based on the empirical work, the study identifies several CEFs that must be carefully considered when driving excellence in banking. These factors were proposed in a generic integrated model for driving Excellence in Banking.