En France comme dans l'espace OHADA, le droit des procédures collectives renvoie aux procédures judiciaires spéciales et dérogatoires par rapport au droit commun réservées au traitement curatif des difficultés des entreprises. Essentiel à la protection du crédit et à la bonne santé du tissu économique dont il garantit l'assainissement, ce droit d'ordre public est constitué d'un corps de règles impératives destinées à s'appliquer, dès le jugement d'ouverture d'une procédure collective, aussi bien à l'entreprise débitrice qu'à ses créanciers. Conformément aux objectifs poursuivis, les droits et sûretés des derniers créanciers, chirographaires ou titulaires de sûretés réelles préférentielles, subissent des atteintes et des restrictions. Mais cette emprise naturelle du droit des procédures collectives sur les sûretés des créanciers est remise en cause par le recours aux nouveaux mécanismes de garantie de créance. Ces mécanismes nouveaux basés sur la propriété retenue, cédée ou réservée à des fins de garanties ont été différenciés des sûretés réelles classiques pour asseoir la légitimité de leur caractère dérogatoire aux règles constitutives de la discipline collective du droit des procédures collectives. Il en résulte une incohérence entre le droit des sûretés et le droit des procédures collectives. Ce dernier, appliqué selon deux poids deux mesures crée une rupture d'égalité entre les créanciers du débiteur commun. Pour remédier à ce déséquilibre la thèse présentée propose l'extension de l'emprise du droit des procédures collectives aux propriétés-­sûretés. / In France as in OHADA, the insolvency law refers to the special and exceptional judicial proceedings in relation to common law reserved for the curative treatment of business difficulties. Essential to the credit protection and the health of the economic fabric which guarantees the sanitation, this public order law consists of a body of mandatory rules intended to apply, from the judgment of opening collective proceedings, both the debtor to its creditors. In accordance with the objectives, rights and security of the last creditors, unsecured or holders of preferred collateral, suffer abuses and restrictions. But this natural grip of bankruptcy law on secured creditors is undermined by the use of new debt guarantee mechanisms. These new mechanisms based on the chosen property, assigned or reserved for the purpose of safeguards have been differentiated from conventional collateral to establish the legitimacy of their exceptional nature to the constitutive rules of the collective discipline of the insolvency law. This results in a mismatch between the security law and insolvency law. The latter, as applied double standards creates a breach of equality among the creditors of the joint debtor. To address this imbalance presented the thesis proposes the extension of the right of bankruptcy law to property-collateral.

Diploma work is engaged in financial analysis of Stavby silnic a železnic, a.s. company. The aim is to pass judgment on company's present financial situation and its progress from year 2001. It is focused on important facts concerning financial health. It warns of possible threats and try to define some recommendations to achieve stability and prosperity. It utilizes theoretical knowledge of financial analysis like horizontal and vertical analysis of financial statements, rules of financing, ratio indicators, pyramidal system of indicators, working capital analysis, basic economic inequality, EVA method and bankrupt models. Company is also compared with a number of transport building companies.

Abstract: The doctor's dissertation paper addresses the social problem, how business units should use the standard economic tools to prevent crisis. The importance of the problem is supported by the fact, that last year more than eleven thousand economic entities in the Czech Republic became insolvent. The Set of Tools for Corporate Crisis Prevention shall help to better adjust the internal control mechanisms, using which businesses could better prevent crisis. Application of this Set of Tools for Corporate Crisis Prevention is verified based on two completely different companies. The dissertation addresses the question of how use standard tools such as loan and leasing for crisis prevention, possibly secure the recovery of growth opportunities. This support is implemented by using an external financial institution, or the Intercompany bank. In the chapter entitled "intercompany bank", I describe the basic principles of operation and its importance for internal control. This internal organization has been used in many companies, but today is back to support the sales department and help reduce risk associated with the greater indebtedness of the company. I am describing the Intercompany bank in the context of internal processes and forms of cooperation with the sales department. Functionality of the intercompany bank is supplemented with examples from practice. The chapter called "Micro-enterprise approach of the crisis" is complemented by the complexity of internal financial perspective to company's management. This chapter describes three main sources of the company crisis from a microeconomic perspective. It is decreasing demand, the impact of interest rate exchanges on corporate governance and the impact of exchange rate changes on the financial stability of the company. The analytical part of presented dissertation thesis deals with development of insolvency proposal, bankruptcy, and reorganization proposals in The Czech Republic between 2008 and 2013. The main target is finding the causal dependences between insolvency requirements in the Insolvency Register and a few key macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, unemployment rate, industrial production growth and the amount of loans granted to the corporate sector. For a more comprehensive view of insolvency arrangement of The Czech Republic is accompanied by description of the legislative settings in The UK, Germany and France. Keywords: Bankruptcy proposals, Bankrupt, Company crisis, Exchange rate, Industrial production, Insolvency, Insolvency proposals, GDP, Leasing, Reorganization, Unemployment rate.

The main goal of this thesis is to analyze contemporary financial position of building company Pátek, spol. s .r. o. with an accent to selected methods of financial analysis and overall comparison with selected competition. At the basis of evaluation of the company position in the years 2003 to 2006 there are defined correspondent conclusions. Father possible solutions are proposed to manage company increasing production growth in future years.

The diploma work deals with the problem of poverty following from overdebtedness of Czech households. Poverty is defined as a strong social handicap leading up to a social exclusion. Overdebtedness means such a financial situation when households are not able to fulfill their financial obligations and thus it concerns especially households with low incomes. In the Czech Republic this fact has been distinguished since the year 2000. The topic of the diploma work points at the development of overdebtedness of Czech households and its evaluation, the size of this problem and the estimation of its further development. It analyses the threat to households leading to a debt trap. It deals with economic impact of state debtedness in connection with that of Czech households. Some attention is paid to the increasing unemployment as one of the strongest causes leading to a state of poverty and consequently to undesirable debtedness showing the evident link between unemployment and overdebtedness. At the same time, the emphasis is put onto individual responsibility and lifelong education as the prevention and solution to unemployment and doubtedness. The phenomenon of overdebtedness of Czech households is understood as a warning signal of the present.

This Master´s thesis analyses the economic and financial situation of VEBA, the textile company, Plc in years 2002 – 2006. It includes also proposals and disposals for improvement of the present statue with consideration of the company possibilities.