Cette thèse examine la pertinence d’une filiation beckettienne chez John Banville, et propose d’envisager les apparentes divergences d’écriture comme les manifestations d’une même affection mélancolique : en effet, l’économie beckettienne et la profusion banvillienne pourraient constituer deux produits d’une écriture placée sous le signe du double et du décalage. John Banville poursuit à sa manière le projet beckettien de l’esthétique de l’échec : il illustre, à l’instar de son devancier, l’impossibilité de concilier deux images contradictoires de la réalité, celle, idéale, d’une pensée conduite selon les règles de la science, et cette autre, proliférante, instable, de la matière même. Le principe selon lequel le double dégradé de l’idéal met en échec toute tentative d’ordonner les données du réel sous-tend et caractérise les œuvres de ces deux écrivains, que rassemble une même fascination pour la science et ses systèmes de pensée. Le fossé séparant idéal et contingence, ordonnancement de la pensée et chaos matériel, y abrite la source d’une écriture mélancolique. L’analyse du discours pseudo-scientifique, qui dans le même mouvement témoigne d’une volonté affichée d’apprivoiser le réel et révèle l’instabilité fondamentale de l’être et du langage, permet de mettre au jour une filiation mélancolique. C’est cette filiation que l’on peut suivre en observant les persistances visuelles et auditives, et plus largement la perpétuation du ressassement de la pensée spéculative : les images, voix et pensées de l’impuissance font perpétuellement retour au sein des œuvres, mais également d’une œuvre à l’autre, et de Beckett à Banville. / This thesis tries to uncover a literary filiation between Samuel Beckett and John Banville, with particular emphasis on Beckett’s Trilogy and John Banville’s scientific tetralogy. It proposes to consider their apparently diverging modes of writing as two manifestations of the same melancholy affection: the economy of means in Beckett and its profusion in Banville could be regarded as two modes of literary production characterized by discrepancy and error. John Banville follows the Beckettian project of an esthetics of failure – like his predecessor, he illustrates the impossibility of successfully combining two contradictory images of reality, one an ideal image driven by thought mechanisms modelled on scientific procedures, and the other, a buzzing, instable image of matter itself. The principle whereby the degraded double of the ideal necessarily defeats every attempt at ordering the data of reality underpins and defines the works of the two writers, displaying a fascination for science and systems of thought. In their fiction, the gap between ideal and contingency, between thought processes and material chaos, is the source of a melancholy inspiration. The analysis of pseudo-scientific discourse, which both testifies to a determination to gain control over chaotic reality and reveals the fundamental instability of being and language, allows us to uncover a link between the two writers, based on melancholy. This legacy can then be evidenced through the observation of the same visual and auditory perceptions, and more largely the perpetuation of boundless speculation: images, voices, and thoughts of impotence recur throughout the works, but also from one work to the next, and from Beckett to Banville.

In a confessional, first person narrative, the concept of truth and how it is constructed and perceived is important. Truth in fiction can be created and interpreted in a number of different ways, and when the narrative that portrays it in addition is unreliable and ambiguous, discerning truth becomes a decidedly complex process. This essay interprets the confessional testimony of the narrator in John Banville’s The Book of Evidence, in order to examine the function of these narrative devices and how they affect the understanding of what is true in Banville’s unreliably narrated novel. It does so by following literary theories regarding unreliable narration by Tamar Yacobi and others, as well as theories of truth in fiction as first presented by David Lewis and expanded upon by Ben Levinstein and others. The different types of ambiguity suggested by William Empson are also considered. The novel’s narrative is analyzed specifically in relation to the understanding of how the protagonist eludes to his feelings of guilt and shame. These emotions are chosen for their prevalence in conventional confessions. The essay claims that the narcissistic narrator harbors neither of these feelings pertaining to the crime he has committed, but rather that he admits to being guilty and is ashamed of being caught, and that this is portrayed through the structure of the narrative rather than its content.

Novel: You & I. 'You & I' is a coming-of-age tale tied up in the themes of trauma, memory and storytelling. It follows sixteen-year-old Esther, who is sent to live on the fictional Cornish island of Little Wimbish following the disappearance of her bipolar mother. Once on the island where her mother grew up, the damaged and reclusive Esther finds herself caught up in the lives, history and folklore of the Wimbish community - not to mention the mystery of her father's identity. As the story progresses and Esther becomes more invested in the fairy tale escapes promised by the island she now calls home, the voice switches back and forth between the second and first person - and we begin to suspect that our narrator may have inherited her mother's illness. This is a novel concerned with how we tell stories - about ourselves, our histories, and the places we live - and why. Essay: The Stories We Tell Ourselves: Turning Trauma into Narrative in Anne Enright's The Gathering, Niall Williams' History of the Rain, and John Banville's The Sea. How do we recover from trauma, and what role can storytelling play in the recovery process? This essay investigates the notion that in Anne Enright's The Gathering, Niall Williams' History of the Rain and John Banville's The Sea, each narrator carries out an attempt at recovery, enacted through a written recollection of their past traumas. Taking inspiration from various trauma theorists and psychologists, along with writer and trauma survivor Edward St Aubyn, this essay lays out the necessary steps which must be taken in order to integrate trauma into one's life story. By writing down their trauma, constructing a narrative which allows for a certain amount of invention, facing up to the dirtier and more difficult aspects of their experiences, and finally, sharing the finished narrative with another person, the trauma survivor may facilitate the beginnings of a recovery.

<p>This phenomenological study of John Banville’s fiction exhibits the way in which <i>Doctor Copernicus</i>, <i>Kepler, The Newton Letter</i>, and <i>Mefisto</i> persistently present air as a constituting factor. Air occurs as a phenomenological oasis permitting constitution to effectuate disclosure <i>ex nihilo</i>. As a self-constituting field of forms rather than as a system or arrangement of signs, <i>Doctor Copernicus</i> promotes a vision of reality that bypasses a world of scientific or aesthetic representation where objective or subjective deciphering has precedence over immediate revelation as immanent showing. In <i>Kepler</i>, air’s <i>aseity </i>marks a process of constitution intense enough to erase any sense of separation between the flight-paths of discovery and the thing discovered—thus producing the impression of an intriguing parity between the constituting and the constituted. Phenomena of aviation outline the experience of air’s constituting capacity as a prehuman directedness with no source outside itself. The scientist is drawn into an airborn or airborne allure recasting his life in more profound ways than those made available in cosmological inquiry. By means of the slightness of its constituting touch, air is shown as giving birth to apparently insignificant phenomena highlighting an explorability that cannot be defined in terms of mathematical models or logical postulations. In <i>The Newton Letter</i> penurious phenomena gain ascendancy over the scientist through a process defined as <i>autochthonous substantiation</i>. As in <i>Mefisto</i>, the destructive power of accidental fire reduces material and immaterial worlds to an empirical nothing where air, almost indistinguishable from that emptiness, becomes a form of saying facilitating recovery, or the semblance thereof. Finally the study elucidates the phenomenon of <i>monozygotic gemination</i> in <i>Mefisto,</i> a constituting force that allows a phantom brother or phantom limb to function as a regenerating resource rather than as a missing entity.</p>

This phenomenological study of John Banville’s fiction exhibits the way in which Doctor Copernicus, Kepler, The Newton Letter, and Mefisto persistently present air as a constituting factor. Air occurs as a phenomenological oasis permitting constitution to effectuate disclosure ex nihilo. As a self-constituting field of forms rather than as a system or arrangement of signs, Doctor Copernicus promotes a vision of reality that bypasses a world of scientific or aesthetic representation where objective or subjective deciphering has precedence over immediate revelation as immanent showing. In Kepler, air’s aseity marks a process of constitution intense enough to erase any sense of separation between the flight-paths of discovery and the thing discovered—thus producing the impression of an intriguing parity between the constituting and the constituted. Phenomena of aviation outline the experience of air’s constituting capacity as a prehuman directedness with no source outside itself. The scientist is drawn into an airborn or airborne allure recasting his life in more profound ways than those made available in cosmological inquiry. By means of the slightness of its constituting touch, air is shown as giving birth to apparently insignificant phenomena highlighting an explorability that cannot be defined in terms of mathematical models or logical postulations. In The Newton Letter penurious phenomena gain ascendancy over the scientist through a process defined as autochthonous substantiation. As in Mefisto, the destructive power of accidental fire reduces material and immaterial worlds to an empirical nothing where air, almost indistinguishable from that emptiness, becomes a form of saying facilitating recovery, or the semblance thereof. Finally the study elucidates the phenomenon of monozygotic gemination in Mefisto, a constituting force that allows a phantom brother or phantom limb to function as a regenerating resource rather than as a missing entity.

This dissertation examines the trope of filiation in novels by three contemporary British writers: John Banville, Ian McEwan, and Kazuo Ishiguro. The trope of filiation and the related theme of inheritance has long been central to the concerns of the British novel, but it took on a new significance in the twentieth century, as the novel responded both thematically and formally to the aftermath of the two world wars. This study demonstrates the ways in which Banville, McEwan, and Ishiguro each situate their work in relation to this legacy, by means of an analogy between the inheritance structures figured within their novels and the inheritance performed by their engagement with the genre itself. This study relies on an instructive analogy to similar treatments of the larger problem of cultural filiation by the theorists Emmanuel Levinas and Jacques Derrida. Levinas exposes in his work the ethical and political problems of modernist temporality by critiquing modernity’s rejection of filiation, a rejection modeled also in the lost children, and barren and celibate men and women of modernist novels. Derrida meanwhile provides a way forward with his representation and performance of inheritance as a critical and transformative act, which is characterised on one hand by an ethical injunction, and on the other, by a filtering or a differentiation which changes the tradition even as it reaffirms it.

This dissertation examines the trope of filiation in novels by three contemporary British writers: John Banville, Ian McEwan, and Kazuo Ishiguro. The trope of filiation and the related theme of inheritance has long been central to the concerns of the British novel, but it took on a new significance in the twentieth century, as the novel responded both thematically and formally to the aftermath of the two world wars. This study demonstrates the ways in which Banville, McEwan, and Ishiguro each situate their work in relation to this legacy, by means of an analogy between the inheritance structures figured within their novels and the inheritance performed by their engagement with the genre itself. This study relies on an instructive analogy to similar treatments of the larger problem of cultural filiation by the theorists Emmanuel Levinas and Jacques Derrida. Levinas exposes in his work the ethical and political problems of modernist temporality by critiquing modernity’s rejection of filiation, a rejection modeled also in the lost children, and barren and celibate men and women of modernist novels. Derrida meanwhile provides a way forward with his representation and performance of inheritance as a critical and transformative act, which is characterised on one hand by an ethical injunction, and on the other, by a filtering or a differentiation which changes the tradition even as it reaffirms it.

M.A. (English) / This dissertation hinges on the exploration of three contemporary Irish novels, namely The Secret Scripture by Sebastian Barry, The Gathering by Anne Enright, and The Sea by John Banville. What the three works have in common, besides their nationality, is a preoccupation with what exceeds their grasp: that is, their inspiration is also their limitation. All three set themselves the task of capturing and representing a past. The first two position themselves as rehabilitators of portions of Ireland’s history that have been occluded from official versions thereof. (Banville’s novel attempts to skirt as many limitations as possible, including a national one, in order to grapple, as unhindered as possible, with what narrative can achieve). Fictional rehabilitations of what occurred in a phenomenal reality are inevitably fraught because of their form’s limited grasp. However, this study seeks to trace each work’s fitful engagement with what it cannot encapsulate in order to ascertain the capabilities of narrative, in spite of its inherent limitations. I employ a broadly post-structuralist theoretical framework in order to engage with novels that incorporate into their content an awareness of the parameters within which they are obliged to function. Ultimately, I draw conclusions (which are necessarily limited themselves) as to the gesture each novel attempts to make beyond its bounds.