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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Periodontal Healing of Canine Experimental Grade III Furcation Defects Treated With Autologous Fibrinogen and Resolut® Barrier Membrane

Bianucci, Henri Chapman Jr. 08 July 1998 (has links)
Experimental grade III furcation defects were developed bilaterally at the second and fourth premolars in 18 conditioned, laboratory-source, adult Beagles and maintained for 12 weeks. All defects were treated with debridement and mucoperiosteal flap repositioning alone, or with the addition of autologous fibrinogen, Resolut® barrier membrane, or autologous fibrinogen and Resolut® barrier membrane. The defects were analyzed by digital subtraction radiography, histopathologic, and histomorphometric analysis of healing at 1, 3, and 6 months post-treatment to determine: percent increase in defect bone volume, height and area, and length of periodontal regeneration along the perimeter of the defect. Comparisons at post-treatment intervals indicated significantly (P < 0.05) greater healing of debridement and autologous fibrinogen treated defects at 3 months, however by 6 months there were no significant differences in defect healing for all histomorphometric parameters. Defects receiving Resolut® were associated with significantly less root ankylosis. Defects receiving debridement alone had significantly greater increases in bone volume, as calculated with digital subtraction radiography, at 6 months post-treatment compared with groups receiving Resolut®. There was a significant correlation between regenerated bone area, bone volume, and periodontal regeneration for all treatments at 3 and 6 months post-treatment. In this study autologous fibrinogen and Resolut® barrier membrane did not enhance the amount of periodontal healing compared with debridement only. However, Resolut® treated defects were essentially absent of root ankylosis. Therefore, canine periodontitis causing grade III furcation involvement may respond equally well to conservative periodontal surgery compared with guided tissue regenerative techniques. However, the prevention of root ankylosis may provide a substantial benefit favoring this latter methodology. / Master of Science
2

Influence des transferts hygro-aérauliques sur les transferts thermiques dans les super-isolants nanostructurés sous vide / Influence of gas transfer on heat transfer in evacuated nanoporous super insulation materials

Bouquerel, Mathias 13 December 2012 (has links)
Les panneaux d'isolation sous vide (PIV) sont constitués d'un matériau de coeur nanoporeux en dépression, et d'une enveloppe barrière aux gaz atmosphériques. Leur conductivité thermique initiale est de l'ordre de 5 mW/(m.K), cinq à huit fois inférieure à celle des isolants conventionnels. Au regard des isolants classiques, le questionnement le plus important concerne le couple performance / durabilité. La réponse passe par la compréhension et la modélisation des transferts thermiques et massiques dans les PIV. De nombreuses études expérimentales et numériques ont conduit à un modèle semi-empirique pour la conductivité thermique apparente d'un PIV, prenant en compte les différents modes de transfert dans le panneau. Ce modèle met en lumière le principal mécanisme de vieillissement : du fait de la perméation gazeuse à travers l'enveloppe, pression et humidité dans le panneau remontent au cours du temps, ce qui engendre une augmentation de la conductivité thermique. L'étude des transferts massiques à travers l'enveloppe est particulièrement délicate. Premièrement, la modélisation de la perméabilité des enveloppes utilisées (membranes multicouches de films polymères métallisés) repose sur la prise en compte des micro-défauts dans les couches métallisées, qui gouvernent le débit total de perméation. Deuxièmement, les valeurs des perméabilités à mesurer sont trop basses pour beaucoup de techniques conventionnelles. Troisièmement, une analyse de la littérature montre une lacune de taille en ce qui concerne la prise en compte de l'influence conjointe de la température et de l'humidité relative dans le modèle classique de perméation gazeuse. En se basant sur des données expérimentales existantes, le rôle de l'humidité relative sur les propriétés barrières des enveloppes des PIV est mis en lumière. L'existence d'un couplage entre les flux des différents gaz est posé comme hypothèse de départ à la mise en place d'un nouveau modèle de perméation gazeuse, prenant en compte pression partielle et pression totale, et donc la concentration molaire de chaque gaz dans le mélange. Les prédictions de ce modèle sont comparées à celles issues du modèle classique de perméation gazeuse, et les différences de comportement entre les deux modèles sont mises en avant. Deux séries de mesure de perméance sont ensuite mises en place, par vieillissement de PIV en enceintes climatiques et par mesure directe de perméance sur échantillons de membrane (méthode manométrique). Ces mesures sont menées à température et humidité relative fixées (T = 48 °C, φ = 65 % HR), mais avec une pression totale variant de 80 mbar à 1 bar. Cette campagne de mesure exploratoire ne montre pas d'influence notable de la pression totale sur la perméabilité à la vapeur d'eau. Ces résultats permettent de dresser les premières conclusions sur le rôle respectif de la pression partielle et de la pression totale, et de proposer une suite à la démarche expérimentale initiée dans cette étude. / Vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) are composed of an evacuated nanoporous core material, and a barrier envelope to atmospheric gases. Their apparent thermal conductivity after manufacturing is approximately 5 mW/(m.K), five to eight times lower than that of conventional insulation materials. Compared to conventional insulation materials, the most important issue remains in the duality performance / durability. The answer lies in the understanding and modeling of heat and mass transfer in VIPs. Many experimental and numerical studies about heat transfer led to a semi-empirical model for the apparent thermal conductivity of a VIP, taking into account the different transfer modes in the panel. This model highlights the main mechanism of VIPs aging: due to gas permeation through the envelope, pressure and humidity in the panel increase gradually over time, which causes an increase of the apparent thermal conductivity. The study of mass transfer through the gas barrier envelope is particularly difficult for three main reasons. First, the permeation modeling of VIPs envelopes (multilayer membranes with metalized polymer films) has to take into account micro-defects in the metallic layers, which play a key role in the total permeation rate. Second, the permeances to be measured are too low for many conventional methods, especially for dry air. Third, a literature analysis shows that the classical model for mass transfer through barrier envelopes does not take into account the combined influence of temperature and relative humidity, which is a great lacuna. From experimental data available in the literature, the role of relative humidity on the barrier properties of the VIPs envelopes is highlighted. The existence of a coupling phenomenon between the mass flows of the various gases is hypothesized to start the establishment of a new gas permeation model, which takes into account partial pressure and total pressure, and thus the molar concentration of each gas in the mixture. The predictions of this model are compared with predictions based on the classical model for gas permeation, and the differences between the two models are analyzed. Two experimental campaign are then implemented to measure envelope permeance, through whole VIPs aging in climatic boxes and through direct measurement of the permeance on membrane samples (manometric method). These measurements are carried out at fixed temperature and relative humidity (T = 48 °C, φ = 65 % HR), but with a total pressure ranging from 80 mbar to 1 bar. This exploratory measurement campaign shows no significant influence of the total pressure on the apparent permeability to water vapor. These results are used to draw first conclusions on the respective roles of the partial pressure and the total pressure, and suggest some outlooks to the experimental approach initiated in this study.

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