Avvikelserapportering är en viktig del i sjuksköterskors arbete för att upptäcka brister inom verksamheten som kunnat medföra vårdskada och onödigt lidande för patienten. Trots regler och riktlinjer kring avvikelserapportering beslutar sjuksköterskor vid vissa tillfällen att inte rapportera en avvikelse. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av hinder vid avvikelserapportering. En allmän litteraturstudie genomfördes med tio vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Därefter sammanställdes insamlade data genom innehållsanalys. För att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av hinder vid avvikelserapportering identifierades fyra kategorier: bristande kunskap, brist på tid, brist på återkoppling och känslor av skam och rädsla. I resultatet framkom det att okunskap kring avvikelsehantering samt hög arbetsbelastning i förhållande till tidsbrist utgjorde ett hinder för sjuksköterskors avvikelserapportering. Sjuksköterskor uttryckte bristande återkoppling av avvikelser som en avgörande faktor i viljan att fortsätta rapportera avvikelser. Slutligen var känslor av skam och rädsla ett återkommande hinder för sjuksköterskorna. En ledning och verksamhet som kan skapa förutsättningar och hanterar dessa faktorer samt uppmuntrar till avvikelserapportering kan generera till fler avvikelserapporter. Samtidigt krävs fortlöpande kompetensutveckling och utbildning inom ämnesområdet för att sambandet mellan avvikelser och patientsäkerhet skall tydliggöras. / Error reporting is an important tool in detecting deficiencies and errors in healthcare services that could otherwise result in healthcare injuries and unnecessary suffering for patients. Despite rules and guidelines with requirements on error reporting, nurses sometimes decide not to report incidents. The aim of the literature study was to describe nurses' experiences of obstacles in error reporting. A general literature study was conducted with ten scientific articles with a qualitative approach. The collected data were then compiled through content analysis. Four categories of factors are identified: lack of knowledge, lack of time, lack of feedback and feelings of shame and fear. The results show that incident management and a high workload coupled with lack of time constitute an obstacle to nurses’ error reporting. Nurses express a lack of feedback on incidents as a decisive factor in the willingness to continue to report. Finally, feelings of shame and fear is a recurring obstacle for nurses. The study indicates that health systems management and leadership could generate higher levels of error reporting by paying close attention to these factors and encourage error reporting. At the same time, continuing professional development and training in the subject area for nurses are required to clarify the connection between incidents and patient safety

No / The paper describes model testing of the acoustic performance of vertically louvred and the corresponding predicted performance using a modified Boundary Element Method (BEM) program. The program was developed in a previous phase of the Transport Research Laboratory's research into the performance of modified barriers. Measurements on 1/20th scale model barriers were carried out in a semi-anechoic chamber designed primarily for scale model experiments to investigate outdoor sound propagation under controlled conditions. It was concluded from measurements in the scale model facility that the modified BEM code provided an adequate description of the leakage of sound through louvred barriers. The program was subsequently used to examine the performance of various designs of barrier in order to identify likely cost effective designs.

No description available.

Despite Canada’s universal healthcare system, there exist numerous barriers that prevent LGBTQ2S+ populations from accessing healthcare services such as sexual health. Through pulling from community-based research principles and utilizing a critical social science framework, this research explores the availability and accessibility of sexual health services for LGBTQ2S+ individuals living in a rural Ontario community. After extensive consultations with multiple key informants, two focus groups were conducted with individuals from a community-based collaborative where members had the dual role of being service providers and community members. It is important to note that gaining access to the collaborative was made possible due to the resources and networks provided by the AIDS Network, a community charitable organization. Using a thematic analysis of the data, three major themes surfaced: the negative effects of heteronormativity, queerphobia, and transphobia within healthcare settings; barriers to accessing sexual healthcare; and community responses and strategies. These findings are reflected in the literature concerning issues of healthcare access for LGBTQ2S+ populations, but these research findings are unique given they are specific to both sexual health and rural communities. Implications for social work education, practice, and research include tapping into the potential of collaboratives; creating LGBTQ2S+-specific policies; making space for community voices, especially within academia; and recommendations for healthcare providers. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe registered nurse's perceptions with regard to continuing formal education. A quantitative descriptive, explorative research design was used to study registered nurses views with regard to continuing formal education and to identify the barriers to continuing formal education as experienced by registered nurses. Convenience sampling was used to select the research sample of registered nurses working at four state health institutions in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Descriptive statistics, based on calculations using the Microsoft (MS) Excel (for Windows 2000) programme, were used to summarise and describe the research results obtained from the questions completed by the registered nurses. The research results indicated that most registered nurses perceive continuing formal education as beneficial to their personal and professional growth and to improve the quality of patient/client care, but barriers exist which prevent or deter them from undertaking continuing formal education programmes. The main barriers were identified as structural barriers, including lack of funding, job and family responsibilities and lack of coherent staff development planning. / Health Studies / M. A. (Health Studies)

Magister Public Health - MPH (Public Health) / The oral health programme in Lesotho aims to offer curative, preventive, promotive and rehabilitative oral health services. However, observations as well as annual reports suggest that oral health service utilization is poor, as most patients only attend dental clinics with advanced stages of decayed teeth which can only be extracted. The reasons for this very undesirable late utilization of oral health services have not been systematically explored and understood in Lesotho. This makes it difficult for health planners to find solutions for improving access, utilizations and responsiveness of oral health services.

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe registered nurse's perceptions with regard to continuing formal education. A quantitative descriptive, explorative research design was used to study registered nurses views with regard to continuing formal education and to identify the barriers to continuing formal education as experienced by registered nurses. Convenience sampling was used to select the research sample of registered nurses working at four state health institutions in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Descriptive statistics, based on calculations using the Microsoft (MS) Excel (for Windows 2000) programme, were used to summarise and describe the research results obtained from the questions completed by the registered nurses. The research results indicated that most registered nurses perceive continuing formal education as beneficial to their personal and professional growth and to improve the quality of patient/client care, but barriers exist which prevent or deter them from undertaking continuing formal education programmes. The main barriers were identified as structural barriers, including lack of funding, job and family responsibilities and lack of coherent staff development planning. / Health Studies / M. A. (Health Studies)

Masters of Art / Intimate partner violence (IPV) has reached epidemic proportions in South Africa, prompting the government to pass the Domestic Violence Act 116 (1998). However, numerous scholars still believe that legislation is lacking due to inadequate implementation of protocol in the healthcare sector. In the healthcare setting, nurses are usually the first people that abused women make contact with and so they are in an excellent position to identify IPV victims and prevent further abuse. Routine universal screening in the healthcare setting is recommended as a means to identify women who suffer in abusive relationships. However, several problems have been encountered with the attempts to implement screening practices. In this study the various perceived barriers to IPV screening among nursing students were examined by use of a descriptive survey approach. The research participants were 103 nursing students from the University of the Western Cape. Data were collected by means of a selfadministered questionnaire and analysed using descriptive as a means to uncover the relationship between perceived barriers and the screening practices of the participants. The aim of this study was to identify the barriers that will discourage a nurse from routinely screening for intimate partner violence in a healthcare practice. The present study’s results indicated that the majority of variance in routinely screening for IPV can be explained by barriers related to HCP knowledge of managing IPV disclosure; the perceived responses of patients to screening; the privatisation of abuse; and whether HCP regard IPV as a healthcare issue. Information, regarding the beliefs of healthcare providers (HCP) with regard to IPV as well as the barriers they perceive toward screening, will be helpful in designing curricula that will successfully teach HCP how to screen for IPV and it will also be useful in making positive changes to the screening conditions in healthcare settings.

No description available.

In this thesis, the parallel barrier analysis feature in the Federal Highway Administration Traffic Noise Model (FHWA TNM), which is based on RAYVERB was used to explore the effects of multiple reflections due to single and parallel barriers and the use of absorptive treatment. Database was developed from the data collected from previous research efforts was used to generate a best fit equation model that can be used as a predetermining tool to determine the magnitude of parallel barrier insertion loss. The best fit equation model was then used to test against measured/model result and TNM prediction results for its validity. Absorptive materials were also studied such that 3 top of them were selected and recommended for Florida highway barrier use. It was found that the top three absorptive treatments for use on Florida highway barriers have been determined to be cementitous material, metal wool and glass fiber. These materials can be used to reduce the sound reflections for single and parallel barriers. The developed best fit equation model from this research is Deg = -2.17NRC - CW[superscript 0.42] + 1.97eln(BH) + RH[superscript 0.29] + DBB[superscript 0.27]; the prediction results give moderately high R[superscript 2] value of 0.55 if compared to the results from database. Prediction results from best fit equation model was also found to be consistent with the results from the measure/modeled results, providing further proof of the validity of the model. However, if compared results from equation model, TNM and measured/model (measured and model compared results using ANSI method), TNM was shown to provide higher insertion loss degradation. It was found that the most effective placement of absorptive material was the pattern which covers the barrier from the bottom up; it was also found that only about 60% from the bottom of the barrier area requires covering with high NRC absorptive treatment (NRC greater than or equals to 0.8) without sacrificing insertion loss. Also, if the barrier area near the top includes an easily obtainable NRC value of 0.4, only 40% to 50% of the bottom barrier needs absorptive treatment with a higher, more expensive NRC rating. These findings can substantially reduce the cost of conventional absorptive barrier which have full coverage of high NRC absorptive treatment. This research has begun important improvements in noise barrier design, additional work can be continued to further verify all the findings in this thesis such that easier and better equation model can be developed to calculate insertion loss degradation and cheaper absorptive barrier with less absorptive material usage can be built.