L'invasion et la succession dans les villes est un phénomène qui affecte les fonctions du bazar. Embouteillages dans les zones du centre-ville, la pollution atmosphérique dans les villes, la transformation de la structure des activités économiques, le flux des immigrants sur le marché, le transfert de certaines fonctions du bazar aux sociétés commerciales et etc, tout cela a créé des problèmes pour le bazar. Dans les décennies présentes, le "Bazaar" a fait face à un nouveau rival reconnaissable en Iran. Tous les jours les "Centres commerciaux" se répandent partout dans les régions dans les villes iraniennes. Ils sont comme un symbole de l'extension de la consommation et l'apparition d'une société de consommation et la mondialisation. Ces lieux représentent des sous-cultures jeunes et les défis culturels contre l'hégémonie au niveau national. Est-ce que le bazar tolérer et survivre à ces changements, ou a t-il déjà été éliminée du cycle urbain? Est-il coexister avec ce monument urbain ou seront ils éliminés? / The invasion and succession in cities is a phenomenon that affects the functions of thebazaar. Heavy traffic in downtown areas, air pollution in cities, the transformation of thestructure of economic activities, the flow of immigrants on the market, the transfer of certainfunctions of the bazaar to commercial companies and etc all this has created problems forthe bazaar. In the present decades, "Bazaar" has faced a new and distinguishable rival in Iran.Every day "Shopping Centers" are spreading all over regions in Iranian cities. They are as asymbol of the extension of consumerism and the occurrence of a consumer society andglobalization. These places represent youth subcultures and cultural challenges against thehegemony at national level. Will the bazaar tolerate and survive these changes, or has italready been eliminated from the urban cycle? Will it coexist with this urban monument orwill it be eliminated?

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, to fulfil the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Johannesburg 2016 / Fordsburg, in central Johannesburg (Joburg) is a globally connected locality hosting 15-20 thousand visitors every month from all over the world. Fordsburg is a microcosm of Johannesburg’s cosmopolitanism and bears a distinctly South Asian flavour. With a growing south Asian and Indian presence, it has assumed the name ‘Indian market of Johannesburg’. The dedication of the shopkeepers to keep prices low and the options of good bargains for consumers has helped the area to develop its own identity. The passion to rise upwards among newly arrived south Asian migrants marks the mood throughout Fordsburg market.1 This thesis will provide insights on Fordsburg as an area for Indian businesses deriving stories of businessmen, and labourers from various backgrounds, professions and nationalities. [No abstract provided. Information taken from introduction] / MT2017