Cities are a way of life. They are an amalgamation of cultural background and urbanism, which determine the quality of life, environmental sustainability, social behavior and economic well-being. Since the ancient times, cities have been the way to define the growth and development. The development of the cities depended upon availability of resources for a better livelihood and the way humans utilize the resources. Even today as cities develop, people hope for better living conditions. Urbanism plays a major role in the development of cities, being a combination of cultural and urban living. Urbanism has brought various downfalls along with progress. Has urbanism made development a monotonous concept? These days, cities are urbanizing at a fast rate not considering their future consequences. Having lived in Mumbai, I have seen it grow into a megacity. The countless problems that urbanism has brought to accommodate the massive amount of people migrating into the city has affected the quality of life of people immensely. However, is it for the better or worse? People all over the country want to have a piece of Mumbai, the city of dreams. This growth in the population has overpowered the city. Mumbai is famous for its railway system. It is the lifeline of the city. However, due to the amount of people using this system, the travel is more of a chaos. Every railway station has a main access road filled with hawkers and commercial storefronts. People in Mumbai are always in a rush, so these hawkers and commercial stores are a necessity to their daily life. People shop for their daily necessities while returning home to save time. However, these streets are extremely chaotic and crowded. My thesis focuses on how this space can be utilized by three consumers - the traveler, the shopper and the one who does both. It aims to decongest this main street and make travelling by local trains convenient. The site I have chosen is located in the heart of Mumbai city and is one of the most important railway station on the Western Suburban railway system. It is known as Dadar railway station. More than 500,000 people use this railway station daily. With the maximum number of incoming pedestrian traffic, my design can be used as an example for other railway stations throughout Mumbai. / Master of Science

The process of globalization has become a common factor in evolving cities in many developing countries. In Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq, current urban redevelopment plans not only involve design features imported from elsewhere, but also substantially affect urban land use. The primary goal of the regional government is to transform Erbil, Kurdistan’s capital city, into a leading city in terms of attracting foreign investments and tourists. To achieve this, Kurdistan Regional Government is leaning towards urban transformation as the solution. The city is striving to achieve a global status and in doing so, it is inevitably involved in the process of displacement. This study explores neoliberal urban transformation process within Erbil’s historic city centre and its impacts on the local residents, which has resulted in the demolition of an old bazaar and the displacement of its merchants who were relocated into a new shopping mall. In order to achieve its objectives, this study employed in-depth interviews with relocated merchants from Delal Khaneh bazaar to Nishtiman Mall and key informants in the planning and redevelopment field, as well as personal field observation. The findings indicate that the displacement of merchants had both social and economic impacts. The lack of amenities and failure to apply appropriate design standards in the new mall, Nishtiman, are two other implementation failures that the findings reveal. The demolition of the old bazaar and the relocation of its merchants to the new mall illustrate a new form of spatial fix, where the poor are purged from the city centres, a neoliberal ideology that tries to conceal urban poverty. Based on the findings, this study proposes recommendations to Kurdistan’s Regional Government and to the city of Erbil to clarify and redefine their planning objectives and implementation. As well, the concept of public participation is reconsidered while the adaptation of urban design guidelines and thorough market assessment are proposed. This study contributes to the literature on the redevelopment of historic city centres, the development of shopping malls at city centres and the adaptation of neoliberal goals for cities in developing countries.

A living city must exist at every scale - from the urban to the pedestrian; the development of the 21st century Instant City, however, does not allow for this multiplicity of scales. These cities emerge instead in a type of hyper-reality, driven by the pursuit of capital and power. In the frenzy to grow, the resulting urban condition is alienating - one devoid of human scale. Looking to modern Dubai as an example of the dehumanized city, this thesis explores the reinterpretation of a traditional bazaar as a tool to challenge this existing form of urbanism. By way of an intervention that exploits the connective potential of pedestrian infrastructure, the project seeks to add a layer of social and physical complexity to a ‘dead’ city.

Cette thèse examine l’image de mode éditoriale en contexte(s), au sein de la presse magazine américaine entre les années 1960 et les années 1980, à travers une étude de cas sur les publications mainstream Vogue, Harper’s Bazaar et un nouveau magazine, Interview. On postule que la production photographique de ces trois titres représente à la fois le cœur de leur activité et de ces objets matériels, en raison de leur positionnement, de leurs codes et de leurs objectifs. On étudiera comment, dans ce cœur et à travers ses « grandes » séries éditoriales, se dégage un certain rapport à l’image comme plateforme entre une production collaborative et des réceptions, ainsi qu’une fonction de négociation par rapport au contexte historique. A travers l’étude des conditions de production des images, puis à travers leur analyse, et enfin par l’examen de leurs circulations, on démontrera l’existence d’une norme mainstream manifestant un certain conservatisme. Puis nous nous interrogerons sur les négociations éventuelles avec cette norme, sans cesse contestée, changeante en surface mais tenace.Un examen attentif de l’ensemble des tensions et des compromis au fil des moments de flottement que sont les décennies 1960 à 1980 nous permettra d’aboutir, sur la période étudiée, au constat qu’il existe bien un système articulé autour d’un discours hégémonique très difficile à questionner tant il est puissant et, en fin de compte, fermé. Ainsi, de manière transversale à tout notre travail, il émergera que l’ensemble des images de mode éditoriales est varié, mais lissé par un discours des magazines construit sur le long terme. Pourtant, il offre aussi bien des modèles que des contre-modèles, des contre-discours et des contre-points qui tous se déploient dans un cadre strict et souple, fermement orienté et adaptable, même s’il comporte quelques possibilités de subversion, toujours exercées à la marge. On conclura, en définitive, à la puissance de ce système, normé quoique toujours à l’équilibre entre des tensions contradictoires, structuré autour d’un format très fort, se nourrissant et s’exprimant par l’image de mode qui reste son fleuron. / This doctoral thesis examines fashion editorials through a case study of three American magazines in context, from the 1960s to the 1980s: Vogue and Harper’s Bazaar, two mainstream publications, and a new magazine then, Interview. It is postulated that the photographic editorial production of those magazines is central to them – as material objects, and as the core of their activity as well, both aspects enabling and unfolding their positions, their codes and their purposes. By looking at major editorial series, I explore how these images stand out as "contact zones" between a highly collaborative production process and their receptions, and how their function is also one of negotiation with regards to its context.A close analysis of the conditions of production, the content and the circulations of these images demonstrates that magazines express undeniable conservatism through the perpetuation of a mainstream norm. However, as this norm constantly changes on the surface, I argue that conditions regularly emerge for it to be negotiated. An attentive study of the tensions and compromises unfolding in the « uncertain moments » that characterize the period running from the 1960s through the 1980s demonstrates the existence of a powerful system. Structured around a coherent and hermetic narrative, it proves indeed hard to challenge. Yet, as this thesis argues, the ensemble of editorial fashion images homogenized by these long-term processes is in fact varied and diverse. If these images construct models, they also offer counter-models, counter-narratives and counter-points. All these possibilities converge into a strict but agile framework, firmly oriented by its producers but adaptable, even though its subversive potential is only realized at the margins.This system—structured around a powerful format—is highly restrictive yet it still performs a constant balancing act between conflicting tensions and goals, fueled by and unfolded in the fashion images at its core.

Během 90. let se v české společnosti začala konstituovat nová společenská vrstva singles, která upouští od tradičních hodnot týkajících se vstupu do manželství a založení rodiny a rozhodla se žít o samotě. Právě singles se stali předmětem mé diplomové práce, kterou jsem rozdělila na část teoretickou a část praktickou. V teoretické části své práce jsem se pokusila vystihnout základní problematiku singles, svou pozornost jsem zaměřila nejen na charakteristiku, ale i na různé typologie singles, jejich partnerské vztahy, zmínila jsem také historické okolnosti, které ovlivnily vznik této skupiny lidí. V teoretické části jsem se také věnovala otázce sňatečnosti a reprodukce, pokusila jsem se pomocí literatury zjistit, jaký názor a jaký postoj k této problematice zaujímají současní mladí lidé a také jakou vizi o své budoucnosti mají. Vzhledem k tomu, že obraz singles není dosud ucelený, rozhodla jsem se v praktické části své práce zjistit, jaký obraz o životě singles poskytují média. Jako média jsem zvolila dva typy periodik, a to časopis Maxim, který je primárně určen pro muže a časopis Harper's Bazaar, který je určen především pro ženy. Tato periodika jsem sledovala v první polovině roku 2010, kdy jsem nashromáždila určitý korpus textů, které jsem pak podrobila analýze. Jako metodu práce jsem zvolila...

Submitted by Jailda Nascimento (jmnascimento@pucsp.br) on 2016-10-06T19:26:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carolina Fabian Sato Gavino.pdf: 2128218 bytes, checksum: fea0514765e3b26492d48228bd0afbe4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-06T19:26:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carolina Fabian Sato Gavino.pdf: 2128218 bytes, checksum: fea0514765e3b26492d48228bd0afbe4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research assigns the perception of Harper‟s Bazaar magazine in Brazil as a bold and dialectic image of our time. The main objective of the dissertation is to track how fashion is represented on the magazine made itself as merchandise and phantasmagoria fetish since its foundation until today. In order to validate it, we use support in the Walter Benjamin‟s studies inserted in The Arcades Project and Selected Writings. According to the historical context of the time period preceding the North American magazine debut in 1867, birth of industrial capitalism and rise of bourgeoisie class in the heart of society. In that way expanding the beginning of Haute Couture and media in the fashion industry in Europe and United States. Adorno‟s and Horkheimer‟s study about the concept of Iluminism was summoned in this section of our work for elucidation of how the 19th century upper class men thinks. The second chapter of this investigation trusts Benjamin‟s writings in The Arcades Project. Susan Buck-Morrs (2002) and Willi Bolle (2000) analysis that set up a significant part of the state of art about The Arcade Project, were consulted to develop conclusions about fashion and Bazaar‟s magazine as dream imagery. In the third chapter, it is possible to add up the existence of fashion editorial and photography support as a historical object in Brazil. For theoretical guidance, we employ Trivinho (2012) analysis about Glocal and Benjamin‟s rehearsal about aura The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction. This is research importance is due to the fact that the brazilian Harper‟s Bazaar was short-lived, launched only in 2011, even so it is one of the most dated American fashion magazine. Furthermore, we highlight the absence of a review of this type of media in the field of communication and semiotics / A presente pesquisa destinou-se a percepção da revista Harper‟s Bazaar no Brasil como imagem onírica e dialética de nosso tempo. O objetivo central da dissertação foi observar como a moda apresentada na revista se fez como fetiche da mercadoria e fantasmagoria desde a sua fundação até hoje. Para tanto, nos apoiamos sobre os estudos de Walter Benjamin contidos no Trabalho das Passagens e suas Obras Escolhidas. Levantamos para tal o contexto histórico do período que antecedeu o lançamento da revista de origem norte-americana em 1867, o nascimento do capitalismo industrial e a ascensão da classe burguesa no seio da sociedade. Deste modo, destrinchamos o início da moda de Alta Costura e da imprensa de moda na Europa e Estados Unidos. O estudo de Adorno e Horkheimer (1996) sobre o conceito de Iluminismo foi convocado neste trecho de nosso trabalho para a elucidação sobre o modo de pensar do homem burguês do século XIX. O segundo capítulo da pesquisa fez préstimo aos escritos de Benjamin em seu Trabalho das Passagens. As análises de Susan Buck-Morrs (2002) e Willi Bolle (2000), que configuram parte importante do estado da arte sobre o Trabalho das Passagens, foram consultadas para tecer nossas conclusões acerca da moda e da revista Bazaar como imagem onírica. No terceiro capítulo, verificamos a possível presença aurática em torno da publicação editorial de moda no Brasil como objeto histórico e como suporte da fotografia de moda. Tomamos como base teórica as observações de Trivinho (2012) sobre o Glocal e os ensaios de Benjamin sobre a aura A Obra de Arte na Era da Reprodutibilidade Técnica e Pequena História da Fotografia. A relevância dessa pesquisa se deve à brevidade da revista Harper‟s Bazaar brasileira, lançada somente em 2011, e por se tratar de uma das mais antigas revistas de moda da América. Além disso, destacamos a ausência de uma análise do veículo em questão no campo da Comunicação e da Semiótica

Alger, Tlemcen et Constantine possédaient, vers la fin de la période ottomane, de nombreux sūq-s et funduq-s. Très peu d’études ont été consacrées à ces structures économiques qui ont pour la plupart disparu après la prise d’Alger, au début du XIXe siècle. En se basant principalement sur des sources d’archives aussi bien de la période ottomane que du début de l’époque coloniale française, cette étude propose l’établissement d’un inventaire des établissements commerciaux de ces trois villes. Leur localisation topographique, les spécificités de leur implantation urbaine, les aspects toponymiques et socio-économiques sont également abordés dans le cadre de cette recherche. La confrontation de ces données avec les réalités du terrain a confirmé la disparition des funduq-s d’Alger, mais a révélé l’existence de quelques rares exemples existant encore à Constantine et à Tlemcen. Par ailleurs, des sources inédites datant du début du XIXe siècle et émanant des archives militaires françaises ont permis la reconstitution architecturale de cinq funduq-s algérois et de deux funduq-s constantinois. / Algiers, Tlemcen and Constantine had, towards the end of the Ottoman period, many sūq-s and funduq-s. Very few studies have been dedicated to these economic structures that have mostly disappeared after the capture of Algiers, in the early nineteenth century. Based primarily on archival sources from the Ottoman period as well as the beginning of the French colonial era, this study proposes the establishment of an inventory of commercial establishments in the three cities. Their topographic location, the specifics of their urban settlement, geographical names and socioeconomic aspects are also covered under this research. The comparison of these data with the realities on the ground confirmed the disappearance of funduq-s of Algiers, but revealed the existence of a few surviving examples in Constantine and Tlemcen. In addition, unpublished sources from the early nineteenth century and from the French military archives have enabled the architectural reconstruction of five funduq-s in Algiers and two funduq-s in Constantine.

In this master study, the sustainability of local craftsmanship as affected by trust and work ethic will be discussed in the specific case of the jewelry sector in the Grand Bazaar. The case study is presented relying on interviews. The research theme is evaluated in sub-categories which contain socio-demographic structure, work ethic of masters and apprentices, Grand Bazaar and the jewelry sector. The effects of trust, work ethic, and obedience on craftsmanship are discussed. Basically, informal relations form the foundation for the work and trade relations especially in craft based jewelry sector. The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul was chosen because it is the most important place for the craft-based jewelry sector in Turkey. This study first poses a general question by asking whether or not the jewelry sector in Istanbul (the Grand Bazaar) is still a craft. The analysis of the concepts of trust, work ethic, obedience, and social networks are operationalized and provide the frame for the main examination. The investigation of this topic will give clues about the organizational structure, working conditions of sector members and the production process of the sector. In the first part of this study, the concept of craftsmanship is described. This is done by giving special reference to the concepts of artisanal knowledge and work ethic. The discussion is settled in a short analysis of globalization processes. The past and future of the jewelry sector in the Grand Bazaar and guild system is discussed. In the second part, the case study is presented, relying on interviews with craftsmen in the jewelry sector in the Grand Bazaar.

The invasion and succession in cities is a phenomenon that affects the functions of thebazaar. Heavy traffic in downtown areas, air pollution in cities, the transformation of thestructure of economic activities, the flow of immigrants on the market, the transfer of certainfunctions of the bazaar to commercial companies and etc all this has created problems forthe bazaar. In the present decades, "Bazaar" has faced a new and distinguishable rival in Iran.Every day "Shopping Centers" are spreading all over regions in Iranian cities. They are as asymbol of the extension of consumerism and the occurrence of a consumer society andglobalization. These places represent youth subcultures and cultural challenges against thehegemony at national level. Will the bazaar tolerate and survive these changes, or has italready been eliminated from the urban cycle? Will it coexist with this urban monument orwill it be eliminated?

A house can be considered a place made from the stories that make it. In order to design the house I recalled places I experienced during my childhood. Digging back through the memories of those places I became intrigued why those particular memories remained so vivid in my mind.  I listened to stories told to me by my parents about the houses where they grew up and the spatial experiences they remembered. The fabrication is a house in northern Iran activating the memories of those collective stories. The fabrication does not necessary follow particular conventions customary to the specific region.  In fact most of the qualities incorporated in the project have roots in traditional bazaars and houses across Iran. The project primarily studies the relation between varieties of architectural spaces through photography. Models and analytical drawings were an essential part of the work. / Master of Architecture