Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:53:57Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gamba_bf_me_botib.pdf: 1144074 bytes, checksum: 38b7854a72a3108b08ac952129465214 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A síndrome de Smith-Magenis (SMS) é uma complexa anomalia caracterizada por atraso no desenvolvimento neuro-psico-motor (ADNPM), anomalias craniofaciais, esqueléticas e comportamentais. Dentre as anomalias destacamos braquicefalia, baixa estatura, distúrbio do sono, comportamentos de auto-injúria e movimentos estereotipados. SMS é causada por uma deleção intersticial do cromossomo 17(p11.2) ou mutação no gene RAI1, presente nesta região cromossômica. Sua prevalência é estimada em 1:25.000 nascidos vivos podendo chegar até 1:15.000. O diagnóstico clínico para SMS é confirmado pela técnica de citogenética molecular FISH. Neste trabalho realizamos estudo citogenético por bandamento GTG, GTG em alta resolução e FISH no total de 17 casos com suspeita clínica para SMS. Para realização de FISH foram utilizadas duas sondas comerciais da CYTOCELL ®, uma contendo o gene FU1 e outra o gene RAI1. Os resultados clínicos desta casuística comparados com a literatura internacional mostrou que embora fizemos algumas considerações, demonstramos a similaridade do diagnóstico clínico de SMS nos subgrupos SMS-del e SMS-like tanto brasileiros quanto da literatura. Os resultados citogenéticos do bandamento GTG revelaram que sete casos (7/17) apresentam deleção 17(p11.2) e o FISH confirmou a deleção tanto do gene FU1 como do gene RAI1 nos sete casos identificados. Este trabalho é de grande importância por tratar de uma afecção rara, pouco conhecida, e subdiagnosticada no Brasil. Assim destacamos que o uso de ficha clínica específica para SMS é importante para a definição da hipótese diagnóstica, 7/17 casos avaliados apresentaram deleção 17p11.2, e deleção dos genes... / Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a complex anomaly characterized by developmental delay (ADNPM), craniofacial anomalies, and behavioral disorders. Among the anomalies highlight brachycephaly, short stature, sleep disturbance, behavior of self-injury and stereotyped movements. SMS is caused by an interstitial deletion of chromosome 17 (p11.2) or mutation in the retinoic acid-induced 1 (RAI1) gene, present in this chromosomal region. Its prevalence is estimated at 1:25.000 live births and may reach up to 1:15.000. The c1inical diagnosis for SMS is confirmed by molecular cytogenetic technique of FISH. In this work we performed a cytogenetic study by GTG, GTG high resolution and FISH total of 17 cases with c1inical suspicion for SMS.To perform FISH probes were used two commercial CYTOCELL ®, one containing the FLl1 gene and another gene RAI1. The c1inical results in this series compared to the literature showed that although we made some considerations, we demonstrate the similarity of the clinical diagnosis of SMS in both sub-del SMS and SMS-like Brazilians and literature. The cytogenetic results of GTG banding revealed that seven cases (7 1 17) have deletion 17(p11.2) and FISH confirmed the deletion of both the FLl1 gene and the gene RAI1 the seven cases identified. This work is of great importance for treating arare, little known and under-diagnosed in Brazil. Thus we emphasize that the use of medical records specific to SMS is important to define the diagnosis, 7 117 cases showed stable 17p11.2 deletion, and deletion of genes FUI and RAI, no significant differences between the c1inicalfeatures of this sample group comparing it with the literature and this is about the largest sample of Brazilian SMS already described

Orientador: Danilo Moretti-Ferreira / Banca: Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan / Banca: Antonia Paula Marques de Faria / Resumo: A síndrome de Smith-Magenis (SMS) é uma complexa anomalia caracterizada por atraso no desenvolvimento neuro-psico-motor (ADNPM), anomalias craniofaciais, esqueléticas e comportamentais. Dentre as anomalias destacamos braquicefalia, baixa estatura, distúrbio do sono, comportamentos de auto-injúria e movimentos estereotipados. SMS é causada por uma deleção intersticial do cromossomo 17(p11.2) ou mutação no gene RAI1, presente nesta região cromossômica. Sua prevalência é estimada em 1:25.000 nascidos vivos podendo chegar até 1:15.000. O diagnóstico clínico para SMS é confirmado pela técnica de citogenética molecular FISH. Neste trabalho realizamos estudo citogenético por bandamento GTG, GTG em alta resolução e FISH no total de 17 casos com suspeita clínica para SMS. Para realização de FISH foram utilizadas duas sondas comerciais da CYTOCELL ®, uma contendo o gene FU1 e outra o gene RAI1. Os resultados clínicos desta casuística comparados com a literatura internacional mostrou que embora fizemos algumas considerações, demonstramos a similaridade do diagnóstico clínico de SMS nos subgrupos SMS-del e SMS-like tanto brasileiros quanto da literatura. Os resultados citogenéticos do bandamento GTG revelaram que sete casos (7/17) apresentam deleção 17(p11.2) e o FISH confirmou a deleção tanto do gene FU1 como do gene RAI1 nos sete casos identificados. Este trabalho é de grande importância por tratar de uma afecção rara, pouco conhecida, e subdiagnosticada no Brasil. Assim destacamos que o uso de ficha clínica específica para SMS é importante para a definição da hipótese diagnóstica, 7/17 casos avaliados apresentaram deleção 17p11.2, e deleção dos genes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a complex anomaly characterized by developmental delay (ADNPM), craniofacial anomalies, and behavioral disorders. Among the anomalies highlight brachycephaly, short stature, sleep disturbance, behavior of self-injury and stereotyped movements. SMS is caused by an interstitial deletion of chromosome 17 (p11.2) or mutation in the retinoic acid-induced 1 (RAI1) gene, present in this chromosomal region. Its prevalence is estimated at 1:25.000 live births and may reach up to 1:15.000. The c1inical diagnosis for SMS is confirmed by molecular cytogenetic technique of FISH. In this work we performed a cytogenetic study by GTG, GTG high resolution and FISH total of 17 cases with c1inical suspicion for SMS.To perform FISH probes were used two commercial CYTOCELL ®, one containing the FLl1 gene and another gene RAI1. The c1inical results in this series compared to the literature showed that although we made some considerations, we demonstrate the similarity of the clinical diagnosis of SMS in both sub-del SMS and SMS-like Brazilians and literature. The cytogenetic results of GTG banding revealed that seven cases (7 1 17) have deletion 17(p11.2) and FISH confirmed the deletion of both the FLl1 gene and the gene RAI1 the seven cases identified. This work is of great importance for treating arare, little known and under-diagnosed in Brazil. Thus we emphasize that the use of medical records specific to SMS is important to define the diagnosis, 7 117 cases showed stable 17p11.2 deletion, and deletion of genes FUI and RAI, no significant differences between the c1inicalfeatures of this sample group comparing it with the literature and this is about the largest sample of Brazilian SMS already described / Mestre

Natal dispersal outcomes are an interplay between environmental conditions and individual phenotypes. Peripheral, isolated populations may experience altered environmental conditions and natal dispersal patterns that differ from populations in contiguous landscapes. We document nonphilopatric, sex-biased natal dispersal in an endangered small mammal, the Mt. Graham red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis), restricted to a single mountain. Other North American red squirrel populations are shown to have sex-unbiased, philopatric natal dispersal. We ask what environmental and intrinsic factors may be driving this atypical natal dispersal pattern. We test for the influence of proximate factors and ultimate drivers of natal dispersal: habitat fragmentation, local population density, individual behavior traits, inbreeding avoidance, competition for mates, and competition for resources, allowing us to better understand altered natal dispersal patterns at the periphery of a species' range. A juvenile squirrel's body condition and its mother's mass in spring (a reflection of her intrinsic quality and territory quality) contribute to individual behavioral tendencies for movement and exploration. Resources, behavior, and body condition have the strongest influence on natal dispersal distance, but affect males and females differently. Male natal dispersal distance is positively influenced by its mother's spring body mass and individual tendency for movement; female natal dispersal distance is negatively influenced by its mother's spring body mass and positively influenced by individual tendency for movement. An apparent feedback between environmental variables and subsequent juvenile behavioral state contributes to an altered natal dispersal pattern in a peripheral population, highlighting the importance of studying ecological processes at the both range center and periphery of species' distributions.

Anelosimus studiosus is a socially polyphenic spider. Individuals can be classified as social/tolerant or solitary/aggressive. These behavioral differences are associated with considerable variation in social structure. Here, we begin to examine the physiological differences that may underlie the behavioral dimorphism in this species and possible implications for the evolution of sociality. Octopamine is a neurotransmitter that has been found to elevate aggression in invertebrates. Serotonin has been shown, in some cases, to interact antagonistically with octopamine. We used High Pressure Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection to quantify levels of these neurochemicals among adult females from social (multi-female) and solitary (single-female) webs in east Tennessee. A subset of spiders was scored for individual social tendency. We found that higher octopamine levels are associated with a greater degree of aggression and intolerance, both at the individual level and the population level, while higher levels of serotonin are found in multi-female colonies and social individuals.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:40:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Yara Garzuzi.pdf: 551486 bytes, checksum: 44776cb6bcf0c1a4ffc2f15d4da4b0ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-03 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / There are few studies in Brazil that comprise the theme of behavioral phenotypes in people with genetic syndromes. The knowledge of behavioral patterns associated with such syndromes contributes to the planning of standardized therapeutic assessment, intervention and handling strategies, and for an improvement in assistance practices. This study presents three genetic syndromes, which have as their common behavioral phenotype the presence of mental retardation that is associated with neurobiological, clinical, behavioral, social and psychiatric patterns specific to each of them. To describe and compare the major behavior patterns of children and adolescents with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), Williams-Beuren Syndrome (WBS) and Down Syndrome (DS). The sample consisted of 68 children and adolescents with diagnosis for the syndromes. From these subjects, 11 presented cytogenetic-molecular diagnosis for PWS, 10 presented clinical and/or cytogeneticmolecular diagnosis for WBS, and 47 presented clinical and/or cytogenetic-molecular diagnosis for DS. The Child Behavior Checklist for ages 1½ 5 (CBCL/1½ 5) and the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18 (CBCL/6 18) were used for data collection. The major results of the comparison between groups showed that, with respect to behavior changes, the PWS group scored higher, followed by the WBS group and the DS group, respectively. The following main patterns were found: in PWS, Externalizing Problems, Social Problems, Thought Problems and Aggressive Behavior; in WBS, Social and Attention Problems; and in DS, Total Problems. Statistically significant differences were also observed between some of this response patterns when groups paired by sex and age were compared (PWS-DS and WBS-DS).The changes found mainly in groups with PWS and WBS interfere considerably with the social adjustment of these children and adolescents. If these changes are not treated, they may result in the development of risk factors for several psychiatric comorbidities tending to chronicity. Therefore, it is necessary to implement public health services for the care of behavioral changes and to help families to deal with these groups of children and adolescents. / No Brasil, são poucos os estudos que abrangem a temática dos fenótipos comportamentais em pessoas com síndromes genéticas. O conhecimento de padrões comportamentais associados a tais síndromes contribui para o planejamento de estratégias de avaliação, intervenção e manejo terapêutico padronizados, e para uma melhoria das práticas assistenciais. Este estudo apresenta três síndromes genéticas cujo fenótipo comportamental comum é a presença da deficiência mental que se associa a padrões neurobiológicos, clínicos, comportamentais, sociais e psiquiátricos específicos a cada uma delas. Descrever e comparar os principais padrões de comportamento de crianças e adolescentes com Síndrome de Prader-Willi (SPW), Síndrome de Williams-Beuren (SWB) e Síndrome de Down (SD). A amostra foi composta por 68 crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico para as síndromes. Desses participantes, 11 apresentavam diagnóstico citogenético-molecular para a SPW, 10 apresentavam diagnóstico clínico e/ou citogenético-molecular para a SWB, e 47 apresentavam diagnóstico clínico e/ou citogenético-molecular para a SD. Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se o Inventário dos Comportamentos de Crianças de 1½ a 5 anos (CBCL/1½ 5) e o Inventário dos Comportamentos de Crianças e Adolescentes de 6 a 18 anos (CBCL/6 18). Os principais resultados da comparação entre os grupos mostraram que, em relação a alterações de comportamento, o grupo com SPW obteve as maiores pontuações, seguido pelo grupo com SWB e pelo grupo com SD, respectivamente. Os principais padrões encontrados foram: Na SPW, problemas externalizantes, problemas sociais, problemas de pensamento e comportamento agressivo; na SWB, problemas sociais e de atenção; e, na SD, problemas totais. Observaram-se, ainda, diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre alguns desses padrões de resposta quando se compararam os grupos pareados por sexo e idade (SPW-SD e SWB-SD). As alterações encontradas principalmente nos grupos com SPW e SWB interferem de maneira considerável na adaptação social dessas crianças e adolescentes. Se essas alterações não forem tratadas, poderão configurar o desenvolvimento de fatores de risco para diversas comorbidades psiquiátricas com tendência à cronicidade. Por isso, fazem-se necessários a implementação de serviços públicos de saúde para o cuidado das alterações comportamentais e o auxílio do manejo familiar desses grupos de crianças e adolescentes.