Thesis (doctoral)--Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität zu München. / Includes bibliographical references (p. ii-xii).

Thesis--Munich. / Bibliography: p. ii-xii.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1965. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (J.C.D.)--Catholic University of America, 1921. / Biographical note. Bibliography: p. 109-112.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität zu Breslau.

Thesis--Tübingen. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-197).

Les smart grids sont considérés comme un moyen efficace pour accueillir plus largement des énergies renouvelables, de mieux maitriser la demande, d’améliorer les conditions d’exploitation du système électrique, d’augmenter sa performance et de faciliter le développement des nouveaux usages tels que le véhicule électrique. Cependant, ces bénéfices potentiels du smart grid sont également porteurs d’incertitudes pour le système électrique ainsi que pour ses acteurs. Ces incertitudes sont de nature technologique, économique, sociale, politique, entre autres.La thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet GreenLys (un démonstrateur smart grid adressant des innovations allant du producteur d’énergie jusqu’au consommateur en incluant les acteurs du réseau électrique de transport et de distribution). Elle a pour objectif de proposer des paliers techniques et économiques de transition vers le smart grid à l’horizon 2050.Dans la perspective de cette thèse, trois incertitudes qui peuvent influencer considérablement les stratégies des investissements futurs sont traitées dans trois modèles séparés. Les trois modèles sont appliqués aux scénarios de GreenLys (un scénario conservateur ‘Grenelle’ qui respecte les engagements énergétiques européens et un scénario plus ambitieux ‘100% EnR’ qui vise une production électrique totalement renouvelable) pour proposer des paliers d’investissements smart grid et des recommandations. Premièrement, l’incertitude portant sur la régulation du réseau public de distribution est étudiée dans un modèle utilisant une approche d’options réelles combiné avec un algorithme logique floue. Deuxièmement, une approche d’options réelles basée sur un arbre binomial classique est utilisée pour analyser l’incertitude sur l’évolution du gisement de flexibilité. Enfin, l’incertitude portant sur les coûts systèmes d’informations est modélisée dans un algorithme basé sur un processus de Monte-Carlo. / Smart grids are seen as an adequate way to facilitate the penetration of renewable energies, to improve the electrical power system operating conditions, to increase its performance and to promote the development of new uses such as the electric vehicle. However, the potential benefits of smart grids come with uncertainties for the electrical power system itself and for its players as well. These uncertainties are technological, economic, social, political, among others.The thesis is part of GreenLys experimentations. GreenLys is a demonstrator project which tests the operation of a smart grid over the whole electricity supply chain: from the producer to the end consumer, including all those involved in the transportation, distribution and supply of electricity. This thesis aims to provide technical and economic transition towards smart grid by 2050.In the context of this thesis, three uncertainties are considered, each within a separated model. These uncertainties can significantly influence the strategies of future investments of smart grid. The developed models are applied to GreenLys scenarios (a conservative scenario that respects the European energy commitments called 'Grenelle' and an ambitious scenario that considers electricity production is fulfilled from renewables called '100%EnR') in order to propose some investment strategies and recommendations for smart grid.Firstly, the uncertainty about the future regulation of the public distribution network is studied in a model using a real option approach combined with a fuzzy logic algorithm. Secondly, a real option approach based on the classic binomial tree is used to analyze the uncertainty about the evolution of electrical loads flexibility. Finally, the uncertainty about the costs of smart grid information systems (Software) is modeled using a statistical Monte Carlo process.The results of the models developed in this thesis are combined and analyzed within techno-economic framework in order to spot the best smart grids deployment strategy with respect to GreenLys scenarios and experimentation zone. The highlighted strategies optimize the economic value of the investment while minimizing future risks.

Les pays de l’UEMOA, longtemps hostiles aux investissements directs étrangers, sous l’effet conjugué de la globalisation de l’économie et de la pression des institutions de Brettons Woods, ont d’une part, favorisé un accès intérieur aux flux financiers internationaux et d’autre part, offert des incitants fiscaux aux multinationales. Grâce à la libéralisation financière et l’idéologie économique dominante, les multinationales, par différents subterfuges et profitant aussi des handicaps institutionnels et organisationnels des administrations fiscales respectives des pays membres de l’espace UEMOA, échappent à leurs responsabilités fiscales envers ces États. Pour résorber les effets néfastes de l’évasion fiscale des multinationales, les pays de l’espace communautaire UEMOA, doivent mettre un accent particulier sur la modernisation de leurs administrations fiscales d’une part, et d’autre part, insérer dans toutes leurs conventions fiscales, des clauses anti-abus. Enfin, ces États doivent renforcer la lutte contre l’évasion fiscale par une action concertée basée sur une coopération fiscale dans le cadre d’une assistance administrative / The WAEMU countries, long hostile to foreign direct investment, under the combined effect of the globalization of the economy and the pressure of the institutions of Brettons Woods, have in the one hand, favored an internal access to International financial flows and on the other hand, offered tax incentives to multinationals. Thanks to financial liberalization and the prevailing economic ideology, the multinationals, by various subterfuges and taking advantage also of the institutional and organizational handicaps of the respective tax administrations of the member countries of the UEMOA space, escape their fiscal responsibilities towards these states. In order to reduce the harmful effects of tax evasion by multinationals, WAEMU countries must place particular emphasis on the modernization of their tax administrations on the one hand, and on the other hand, to include in all their agreements tax rules, anti-abuse clauses. Finally, these states must strengthen the fight against tax evasion by concerted action based on tax cooperation in the context of administrative assistance

Submitted by Maria Dulce (mdulce@ndc.uff.br) on 2013-12-13T18:47:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Braga, Nilza-Disser-2013.pdf: 18016395 bytes, checksum: 6d01df9ddbf40cb8ec4e3c9ab3b057a2 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-13T18:47:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Braga, Nilza-Disser-2013.pdf: 18016395 bytes, checksum: 6d01df9ddbf40cb8ec4e3c9ab3b057a2 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / A presente dissertação discute a trajetória mercantil e honorífica de Elias Antonio Lopes, um dos maiores negociantes que atuou na praça mercantil do Rio de Janeiro em fins do século XVIII e nos primeiros quinze anos do século XIX. Ele emigrou da cidade do Porto para o Rio de Janeiro em aproximadamente 1770, para tentar a sorte nos ofícios mercantis. Ele concentrou em suas mãos uma grande fortuna, advinda de diferentes ramos mercantis, como o tráfico negreiro, arrecadação de contratos reais, comércio interno e externo. O negociante angariou variadas mercês, fundamentais em sua mobilidade social ascendente, em fins do século XVIII e principalmente após a vinda da Corte joanina em 1808. Isso aconteceu, após o negociante ter doado sua chácara em São Cristóvão e futura Quinta da Boa Vista para servir de residência da família real portuguesa. Neste sentido, discutiremos que o ideal aristocrático do Antigo Regime português esteve presente no início do século XIX quando os negociantes procuraram status social ao serem agraciados com mercês em retribuição aos serviços prestados a Dom João. Elias Antonio Lopes faleceu no ano de 1815 deixando uma grande herança, disputada entre seus herdeiros e a Coroa portuguesa pelo fato de ele não ter deixado testamento. Portanto, este estudo perpassa, desde a emigração de Lopes para o Rio de Janeiro, até sua trajetória mercantil e honorífica, encerrando-se com seu falecimento e disputa por sua herança. / In this dissertation, a detailed discussion of the mercantile and honorific route of Elias Antonio Lopes is explored. Elias was the greatest dealer, who played a significant role in the Rio de Janeiro imperial market by the ends of XVIII century and the first years of XIX century. He emigrated from the Porto city, Portugal, to the Rio de Janeiro, probably in the year of 1770 in order to get a chance in the market place of Rio de Janeiro. He got a great fortune from different facets of the mercantile area such as slave trade, the getting of royal contracts, as well as getting from internal and foreign markets. As a trader, he could assemble a great deal of benefices (mercês), which were fundamental in order to get social nobility in the XVIII, when the Portuguese royals arrived in 1808. All these took place after the donating of his own farmland in São Cristóvão, neighbourhood, the future Portuguese royal house. In this sense, it is discussed here that the aristocratic ideal in that time was commonplace in the beginnings of the XIX century, when the traders used to urge in getting social status by acquisition of titles through services provided to Dom João. Elias Antonio Lopes passed away in the year of the 1815 leaving a great inheritance, eagerly rivaled by his heirs and the Portuguese Crown, as he did not leave any testament. Therefore, this study is a large passing through of his route since his emigration to Rio de Janeiro, his honorific dealings in the mercantile marketing, ending up with his suddenly death and the eagerly rivalry of his properties.