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Macrobenthic community structure and total sediment respiration at cold hydrocarbon seeps in the northern Gulf of MexicoNunnally, Clifton Charles 15 November 2004 (has links)
Cold seeps are areas of high biomass in the deep-sea, the impacts of these food-rich environments upon the sediment community is unknown in the Gulf of Mexico. The structure and function of benthic communities was investigated at food-rich and food-limited sites on the northern Gulf of Mexico continental slope. Cold seeps were richer in macrofauna densities and total sediment respiration, but were poorer in biomass and taxa diversity than normal slope communities. Decreased diversity is seen at most chemosynthetic communities and suggests a competition for resources. The spatial extent of these results at seeps is unknown and may be a localized, bioenhancement effect caused by seeping fluids.
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The benthic invertebrate community of the intertidal mudflat at the Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, with special reference to resources formigrant shorebirdsMcChesney, Stephen. January 1997 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Ecology and Biodiversity / Master / Master of Philosophy
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The macrobenthos of the Little Lagoon, Durban Bay.Pillay, Deena. January 2002 (has links)
The Little Lagoon is a shallow sandflat habitat situated in Durban Bay, which has been
earmarked for removal, as part of the port expansion. In order to prevent the possible loss of
such a significant habitat, it was proposed that this habitat be re-created elsewhere in the Bay.
The aims of this project were therefore to provide a detailed assessment of the macrobenthic
habitat of the Little Lagoon, and to identify the major determinants of the community structure.
The ultimate goal was to provide essential background information to assess the success of the
recreation of the Little Lagoon. Apart from seasonal changes in water temperature, no
ecologically significant temporal fluctuations in the physical environment of the Little Lagoon
were detected. This was directly translated into an extremely stable macrobenthic community, in
which negligible seasonal changes to its composition were recorded. The polychaetes
Prionospio sexoculata, Glycera sp, the isopod Leptanthura laevigata and cumaceans dominated
the community during every sampling season. From a spatial perspective, particle sizes and
organic contents of surficial sediments were the major determinants of macrobenthic
community structure. Densities of macrofauna were three to five times higher in organically rich
sediments, and were dominated by surface and sub-surface deposit feeders such as the tanaid
Apseudes digitalis and cirratulid polychaetes. In organically poor sediments, burrowing infauna
such as Prionospio sexoculata and Glycera sp. dominated. Significantly though, biological
interactions, specifically bioturbation by the sandprawn Callianassa kraussi, was an important
determinant of community structure in the Little Lagoon. Two zones of high and low abundance
of C. kraussi were recorded in the Little Lagoon. Abundance, species richness and diversity of
macrofauna were significantly lower in the zone of high C. kraussi abundance. These
parameters were significantly and negatively influenced by the abundance of C. kraussi,
indicating that C. kraussi may act as a disturbance organism. Surface dwelling macrofauna were
recorded in the zone of low C. kraussi abundance, but not in the zone of high C. kraussi
abundance. It appeared that the bioturbative activity of C. kraussi of expelling sediment from
burrows to the sediment surface resulted in the exclusion surface dwelling fauna, and played a
major role in structuring the Little Lagoon macrobenthic community. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.
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The use of chemical analyses, bioassays and benthic biomonitoring in the toxicity assessment of complex industrial effluents /Sarakinos, Helen C. January 1997 (has links)
This research examined the toxicity of complex industrial effluents as measured by chemical analyses, whole effluent toxicity (WET) tests and surveys of the receiving water biota. Toxicity of final effluents from 45 diverse facilities was examined to determine whether inferred toxicity based on presence and concentration of priority substances could predict WET, calculated from a battery of bioassays on bacteria, cladocerans and algae. Following corrections of inferred toxicity for particle-bound contaminants and adjustment for free ion activity, correlation between inferred and whole effluent toxicity was highly significant. Effluents with elevated metal concentrations exhibited lower WET than predicted, likely due to negative interactions among trace metals; kraft mill effluents exhibited higher WET than predicted which is consistent with findings in the literature. / The ability of laboratory WET tests to predict thresholds of invertebrate community response to a complex industrial effluent was examined. Patterns in invertebrate community structure were detrended for environmental factors and compared to measured instream effluent concentrations. Laboratory effect thresholds, reported as Maximum Allowable Toxicant Concentrations (MATC), were calculated from a battery of toxicity tests on bacteria, algae, cladocerans and fish. Declines in taxonomic richness corresponded to calculated lab thresholds, while changes in abundance of total taxa and sensitive taxa, (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera) occurred at lower concentrations than predicted from MATCs. The tendency for invertebrate abundance to decline at lower instream effluent concentrations than richness supports findings in the literature. Lack of correspondence between lab and field thresholds may be ameliorated by the addition of behavior endpoints, (e.g. avoidance) to toxicity tests.
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Automated rugosity values from high frequency multibeam sonar data for benthic habitat classificationDiurba, Erin S January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-96). / ix, 96 leaves, bound col. ill., col. maps 29 cm
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Stream water quality and benthic macroinvertebrate ecology in a coal-mining, acid-sensitive regionMerovich, George T., January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 170 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Energieumsätze benthischer Filtrierer der Potter Cove (King George Island, Antarktis) = Energy budgets of benthic suspension feeding animals of the Potter Cove (King George Island, Antarctica) /Kowalke, Jens. January 1998 (has links) (PDF)
Univ., Diss.--Bremen, 1998. / Literaturverz. S. 116 - 140.
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Microbial and geochemical aspects of selenium cycling in an estuarine system Lake Macquarie, NSW /Carroll, Brett. January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 1999. / Title from title screen (viewed Apr. 21, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
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Relationships between benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages and habitat types in nearshore marine and estuarine waters along the lower west coast of Australia /Wildsmith, Michelle Deanne. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2007. / Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Sustainability, Environmental and Life Sciences. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 249-274)
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Processes affecting macrofaunal community structure in sandy sediments on the New Jersey inner continental shelf with a focus on the dominant polychaete, polygordius jouinaeRamey, Patricia Ann. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2008. / "Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution." Includes bibliographical references (p. 186-199).
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