The manuscript of the medieval morality play The Castle of Perseverance contains an illustration commonly understood as the earliest example of a medieval stage plan. Yet The Castle is an allegory, an extended metaphor, the meaning of which comes from the exegetical tradition. Medieval drama is didactic, and education, like exegesis and metaphor, operates on many levels. The Castle plays on the meaning of play: to read it solely as a play is to read merely the first level of meaning. This thesis considers The Castle not in its usual dramatic context but in that of devotional literature: specifically, exegesis, mysticism, and the monastic practice of lectio divina, divine reading. It focuses on the text and diagram as the verbal and visual illustration of classical and biblical metaphors: among these, the pilgrimage of life, the castle of the mind, the treasure chest of the heart, and the river of the soul. Gregory the Greats Moralia in Job is discussed as the likeliest source of the metaphors found in The Castle; the Moralia serves as an exemplar of allegory as a systematic metaphor and a metaphoric system. The Castle allegorizes and actualizes an abstraction, the process of temptation; depicting the mind as a stage on which players become prayers. Morality plays concern the ethics of salvation: one is the sum of ones choices. Thus, the manuscripts goal is to foster contemplation or Christian Socratism, the examination of conscience, as a prerequisite to salvation and the mystical union with God.

The manuscript of the medieval morality play The Castle of Perseverance contains an illustration commonly understood as the earliest example of a medieval stage plan. Yet The Castle is an allegory, an extended metaphor, the meaning of which comes from the exegetical tradition. Medieval drama is didactic, and education, like exegesis and metaphor, operates on many levels. The Castle plays on the meaning of play: to read it solely as a play is to read merely the first level of meaning. This thesis considers The Castle not in its usual dramatic context but in that of devotional literature: specifically, exegesis, mysticism, and the monastic practice of lectio divina, divine reading. It focuses on the text and diagram as the verbal and visual illustration of classical and biblical metaphors: among these, the pilgrimage of life, the castle of the mind, the treasure chest of the heart, and the river of the soul. Gregory the Greats Moralia in Job is discussed as the likeliest source of the metaphors found in The Castle; the Moralia serves as an exemplar of allegory as a systematic metaphor and a metaphoric system. The Castle allegorizes and actualizes an abstraction, the process of temptation; depicting the mind as a stage on which players become prayers. Morality plays concern the ethics of salvation: one is the sum of ones choices. Thus, the manuscripts goal is to foster contemplation or Christian Socratism, the examination of conscience, as a prerequisite to salvation and the mystical union with God.

O trabalho analisa, na obra Grande Sertão: Veredas de João Guimarães Rosa (1956), elementos discursivos indicadores de um modo de narrar que ficcionaliza, tanto na forma quanto no teor de sua mensagem, manifestações do sagrado originárias da Antiguidade grega e da tradição judaico-cristã. A partir da analogia entre a obra de Guimarães Rosa e a Odisseia de Homero, tornam-se evidentes vestígios do épico e de modelos clássicos de narrativa que, revestidos do peculiar trabalho da linguagem rosiana, adensam a complexidade do romance. O paralelismo com as Sagradas Escrituras, mais difuso, projeta as ações num patamar dramático, em que se decidem o destino das personagens e a solenidade do discurso memorável. A fundamentação teórica articula o pensamento de Erich Auerbach, André Jolles, Rudolf Otto e também de estudiosos que se dedicaram à obra do autor mineiro, como Kathrin Rosenfield. Esse recorte mostrou a presença do sagrado em microcélulas entretecidas ao emaranhado de histórias e causos que costuram a obra prima de Rosa. A cicatriz da Tatarana alude à cicatriz de Ulisses, sinal revelador da identidade do herói grego e que, no caso do jagunço Riobaldo, desoculta um amor negado por meio da purgação do passado, elaborada numa conversa "unilateral com um suposto interlocutor. Em linguagem mítica e mágica, a figura nebulosa de Diadorim funciona como índice de ambiguidade e, ao mesmo tempo, da revelação alcançada através da morte. A pesquisa, por seu turno, segue as veredas abertas pelo estudo de Tereza Virgínia Ribeiro Barbosa a respeito das mulheres vestidas de sol, metáfora relacionada a Medeia, mas que se projeta na Virgem Maria e numa linhagem de figuras femininas da América Latina ligadas ao sagrado. Verificamos, na perspectiva das transferências culturais do tipo passado místico-mistérico/posteridade fabular, que o discurso de Riobaldo é atravessado por micronarrativas de longa tradição que sincretizam diferentes símbolos exotéricos. O trabalho encerra sua investigação desvendando a dualidade do sertão rosiano, onde impera o embate entre fé e ceticismo, a dúvida e a razão, o amor e o ódio, o masculino e o feminino, que resulta no inacabado, na travessia, a vida como metáfora, no campo das infinitas possibilidades do homem humano / The Dissertation analyzes, in the work Grande Sertão: Veredas by João Guimarães Rosa (1956), speech elements appointing to a narrative format which fictionalizes, both in the form and in the content of its message, expressions of the sacred dated as of the Ancient Greek and the Judeo-Christian tradition. From the analogy between Guimarães Rosas work and Homers Odyssey, it is clear the traces of the epic and of narrative classic models which, vested by Rosas particular language work, thicken the complexity of the novel. The parallelism with the Holy Scriptures, which is more diffuse, casts the actions to a dramatic ground, in which it is decided the fate of the characters and the solemnity of the memorable speech. The theoretical grounding articulates the thoughts of Erich Auerbach, André Jolles, Rudolf Otto and also of great academics who devoted their efforts to study the work of the author from Minas Gerais state, such as Kathrin Rosenfield. This excerpt showed the presence of the sacred in microcells interwoven to the entanglement of stories and tales which joins Rosas masterpiece together. Tataranas scar is a reference to Ulysses scar, a revealing mark of the Greek heros identity and which, in the case of the gunman Riobaldo, exposes a denied love by means of purging of the past, constructed in a "one-sided conversation with a supposed interlocutor. In a mythical and magic language, Diadorims misty figure functions as an indication of ambiguity and, at the same time, the disclosure reached through death. The research, in turn, follows the paths opened by Professor Ribeiro Barbosas studies regarding the women clothed with the sun, a metaphor related to Medea, but which is projected in the Virgin Mary and in a lineage of Latin Americas female figures who are related to the sacred. It can be observed, under the perspective of cultural transfers of the fable mystical-mysterious/posterity past type, that Riobaldos speech is crossed with micro-narratives having a long tradition which combine different exoteric symbols. The Dissertation ends its investigation by disclosing the duality of Rosas backlands, where the fight between faith and skepticism, doubt and reason, love and hate, male and female prevails, resulting in the unfinished, in the crossing, life as a metaphor, of the field with countless possibilities for the human man

O trabalho analisa, na obra Grande Sertão: Veredas de João Guimarães Rosa (1956), elementos discursivos indicadores de um modo de narrar que ficcionaliza, tanto na forma quanto no teor de sua mensagem, manifestações do sagrado originárias da Antiguidade grega e da tradição judaico-cristã. A partir da analogia entre a obra de Guimarães Rosa e a Odisseia de Homero, tornam-se evidentes vestígios do épico e de modelos clássicos de narrativa que, revestidos do peculiar trabalho da linguagem rosiana, adensam a complexidade do romance. O paralelismo com as Sagradas Escrituras, mais difuso, projeta as ações num patamar dramático, em que se decidem o destino das personagens e a solenidade do discurso memorável. A fundamentação teórica articula o pensamento de Erich Auerbach, André Jolles, Rudolf Otto e também de estudiosos que se dedicaram à obra do autor mineiro, como Kathrin Rosenfield. Esse recorte mostrou a presença do sagrado em microcélulas entretecidas ao emaranhado de histórias e causos que costuram a obra prima de Rosa. A cicatriz da Tatarana alude à cicatriz de Ulisses, sinal revelador da identidade do herói grego e que, no caso do jagunço Riobaldo, desoculta um amor negado por meio da purgação do passado, elaborada numa conversa "unilateral com um suposto interlocutor. Em linguagem mítica e mágica, a figura nebulosa de Diadorim funciona como índice de ambiguidade e, ao mesmo tempo, da revelação alcançada através da morte. A pesquisa, por seu turno, segue as veredas abertas pelo estudo de Tereza Virgínia Ribeiro Barbosa a respeito das mulheres vestidas de sol, metáfora relacionada a Medeia, mas que se projeta na Virgem Maria e numa linhagem de figuras femininas da América Latina ligadas ao sagrado. Verificamos, na perspectiva das transferências culturais do tipo passado místico-mistérico/posteridade fabular, que o discurso de Riobaldo é atravessado por micronarrativas de longa tradição que sincretizam diferentes símbolos exotéricos. O trabalho encerra sua investigação desvendando a dualidade do sertão rosiano, onde impera o embate entre fé e ceticismo, a dúvida e a razão, o amor e o ódio, o masculino e o feminino, que resulta no inacabado, na travessia, a vida como metáfora, no campo das infinitas possibilidades do homem humano / The Dissertation analyzes, in the work Grande Sertão: Veredas by João Guimarães Rosa (1956), speech elements appointing to a narrative format which fictionalizes, both in the form and in the content of its message, expressions of the sacred dated as of the Ancient Greek and the Judeo-Christian tradition. From the analogy between Guimarães Rosas work and Homers Odyssey, it is clear the traces of the epic and of narrative classic models which, vested by Rosas particular language work, thicken the complexity of the novel. The parallelism with the Holy Scriptures, which is more diffuse, casts the actions to a dramatic ground, in which it is decided the fate of the characters and the solemnity of the memorable speech. The theoretical grounding articulates the thoughts of Erich Auerbach, André Jolles, Rudolf Otto and also of great academics who devoted their efforts to study the work of the author from Minas Gerais state, such as Kathrin Rosenfield. This excerpt showed the presence of the sacred in microcells interwoven to the entanglement of stories and tales which joins Rosas masterpiece together. Tataranas scar is a reference to Ulysses scar, a revealing mark of the Greek heros identity and which, in the case of the gunman Riobaldo, exposes a denied love by means of purging of the past, constructed in a "one-sided conversation with a supposed interlocutor. In a mythical and magic language, Diadorims misty figure functions as an indication of ambiguity and, at the same time, the disclosure reached through death. The research, in turn, follows the paths opened by Professor Ribeiro Barbosas studies regarding the women clothed with the sun, a metaphor related to Medea, but which is projected in the Virgin Mary and in a lineage of Latin Americas female figures who are related to the sacred. It can be observed, under the perspective of cultural transfers of the fable mystical-mysterious/posterity past type, that Riobaldos speech is crossed with micro-narratives having a long tradition which combine different exoteric symbols. The Dissertation ends its investigation by disclosing the duality of Rosas backlands, where the fight between faith and skepticism, doubt and reason, love and hate, male and female prevails, resulting in the unfinished, in the crossing, life as a metaphor, of the field with countless possibilities for the human man

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