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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

In vivo imaging of human oral hard and soft tissues by polarizationsensitive optical coherence tomography

Walther, Julia, Golde, Jonas, Kirsten, Lars, Tetschke, Florian, Hempel, Franz, Rosenauer, Tobias, Hannig, Christian, Koch, Edmund 09 September 2019 (has links)
Since optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides three-dimensional high-resolution images of biological tissue, the benefit of polarization contrast in the field of dentistry is highlighted in this study. Polarization-sensitive OCT (PS OCT) with phase-sensitive recording is used for imaging dental and mucosal tissues in the human oral cavity in vivo. An enhanced polarization contrast of oral structures is reached by analyzing the signals of the co- and crosspolarized channels of the swept source PS OCT system quantitatively with respect to reflectivity, retardation, optic axis orientation, and depolarization. The calculation of these polarization parameters enables a high tissue-specific contrast imaging for the detailed physical interpretation of human oral hard and soft tissues. For the proof-of-principle, imaging of composite restorations and mineralization defects at premolars as well as gingival, lingual, and labial oral mucosa was performed in vivo within the anterior oral cavity. The achieved contrast-enhanced results of the investigated human oral tissues by means of polarizationsensitive imaging are evaluated by the comparison with conventional intensity-based OCT.
22

Conception et étude de chromophores polyméthines pour l'optique non-linéaire dans le proche infrarouge / Conception and study of polymethine chromophores for nonlinear optics in the near-infrared

Pascal, Simon 27 June 2014 (has links)
L’objectif de cette thèse consistait à développer des colorants de la famille des polyméthines absorbant dans le proche infrarouge et présentant des propriétés d’optique non-linéaire (ONL) prononcées. De nouveaux chromophores ont été préparés et leurs propriétés spectroscopiques ont été systématiquement étudiées afin d’établir des relations structures-propriétés. Cette stratégie a permis l’identification des facteurs permettant d’exalter la réponse ONL des polyméthines et de prédire leur comportement face à de subtiles modifications structurales. Trois familles de colorants ont été préparées : des monométhines aza-dipyrrométhènes de bore, des heptaméthines symétriques ainsi que des heptaméthines dissymétriques.Dans un premier temps, des aza-bodipys possédant des groupements donneurs périphériques sont synthétisés. Une étude spectroscopique approfondie permet d’identifier les structures présentant une absorption à deux photons importante en vue d’applications en limitation optique aux longueurs d’onde des télécommunications (1500 nm). Le chapitre suivant a pour but de rationaliser les équilibres de la limite cyanine. L’étude de la substitution centrale de nombreux dérivés heptaméthines a permis de moduler leurs propriétés optiques sur une large gamme spectrale et de mettre en évidence une nouvelle structure électronique limite de type bis-dipôle. Parmi cette famille de colorants, des dérivés keto-heptaméthines ont été utilisées en imagerie biologique (cellules et cerveau) par microscopie non-linéaire. Enfin, l’élaboration de structures heptaméthines dissymétriques originales est détaillée dans le dernier chapitre. Ces chromophores ont révélé des propriétés ONL du second ordre idéales pour des applications en modulation électro-optique. / The aim of this thesis consisted in developing dyes from the polymethine family absorbing in the near-infrared (NIR) region and featuring pronounced nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. Several new chromophores have been prepared and their spectroscopic properties have been systematically investigated in order to establish structure-properties relationships. This strategy has permitted the identification of the factors that enhance the NLO response of polymethines and allowed the prediction of their optical behaviour depending on subtle structural modifications. Three families of dyes have been prepared and investigated: boron aza-dipyrro-monomethines (aza-bodipys), symmetrical heptamethines and unsymmetrical heptamethines.In a first time, aza-bodipys possessing electro-donating peripherical substituants has been synthesized. A detailed spectroscopic study allow the identification of structures that present a high two-photon absorption (TPA), towards optical limiting applications at telecommunication wavelengths (1500 nm). The next chapter rationalizes the equilibrium surrounding the cyanine limit. The study of the central substitution of several heptamethines derivatives permitted the fine tuning of their optical properties upon a large spectral region and evidenced a new bis-dipolar electronic structure. Within this dye family, keto heptamethine derivatives has been tested in bio-imaging experiments (living cells and brain) using non-linear microscopy. Finally, the elaboration of original unsymmetrical heptamethines is detailed in the last chapter. These chromophores revealed ideal second order NLO properties for applications in electro-optic modulation.

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