Abstract The biotechnology development in Taiwan has been doubted by a lot of people. Most people think it needs big amount investment, long-term research process and more manpower to enter this market. However, is this the only answer whether we can develop biotechnology in Taiwan or not. Developed biotechnology in Taiwan, the technology must be the soul, capital must be the blood and the law must be the structure to make the frame body work. Taiwan environment has his own suitable industry development, except the environment change otherwise it is impossible to develop the European and American style technology. The most pessimistic development of biotechnology in Taiwan in the past was too optimistic to expect the market. The more expectation, the more disappointment. Our government should take action and financial to improve the environment. Our agriculture researchers are blossom, from middle-reaches ¡V The world Vegetable Center, Agricultural Research & extension Station,until the lower reaches - farmers who equip with the first class agriculture technology. Because Taiwan is populous, it guides the livestock industry to be delicate and it accumulates a bunch of breed knowledge. Besides Taiwan has the third aqua farm in the world and it based on the subtropical zone that has the advantage of warn fish producing. All above are the advantage of developing biotechnology of Taiwan. Livestock technology uses reproduce technology, gene technology, ferment technology and biotechnology to proceed the reserve of type, modification of livestock, biotechnology pharmacy development, the To review the result of Taiwan Agriculture technology, Taiwan absolutely has it competition advantage at the international Agriculture technology field. Moreover, the appliance of biotechnology not only helps our economic development, but also upgrades our life quality. And it can solve the problem of pesticides remaining on the food and pollution in order to increase our healthy. Agriculture technology will be a star industry in Taiwan in the near future and it will make the agriculture to be perpetual development in Taiwan.

Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar a contribuição das inovações biológicas, consideradas como a introdução de novas variedades de cana-de-açúcar, para a produtividade agrícola dessa cultura no estado de São Paulo em um período recente, mais especificamente para os anos de 1998 a 2009 devido à disponibilidade de dados. Para atingir o objetivo proposto foi construído um índice de novidade varietal para medir o ritmo de adoção de novas variedades de cana-de-açúcar tendo como base o censo varietal do Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira (CTC) localizado em Piracicaba, SP. Além das variáveis índice de novidade varietal, produtividade atingível (como proxy de fatores climáticos) e estágio médio de corte, variáveis econômicas como preço da cana-de-açúcar, preço da terra e preço da mão-de-obra também foram consideradas no modelo econométrico proposto. A metodologia empregada foi a de dados em painel (modelos Pooled ou MQO Agrupado, Efeitos Fixos e Efeitos Aleatórios), com seis regiões para o estado de São Paulo ao longo dos anos 1998 a 2009. Os resultados indicaram que as variáveis mais importantes para explicar a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar foram as variáveis produtividade atingível e o estágio médio de corte, seguido pelo preço da cana-de-açúcar. Em relação à contribuição das inovações biológicas para a produtividade da cana, os resultados indicaram que a introdução de novas variedades não contribuiu significativamente para o aumento da produtividade dessa cultura no estado de São Paulo no período analisado. O índice de novidade varietal e a análise qualitativa do censo varietal indicaram que o ritmo de adoção de novas variedades durante esse período foi baixo, pois a maior parte da área cultivada com cana-de-açúcar nas regiões do estado de São Paulo ainda são ocupadas com variedades desenvolvidas na década de 1980, embora sejam lançadas constantemente novas variedades de cana-de-açúcar pelos programas de melhoramento genético. / This study aimed to analyze the contributions of new varieties of sugarcane to the agricultural productivity in the state of São Paulo during recent years, specifically for the period between 1998 and 2009. To achieve this objective, the varietal newness index was used to measure the pace of adoption of new varieties of sugarcane, and this index was based on the varietal census data of the Sugarcane Technology Center in Piracicaba, SP. In addition to varietal newness index, attainable productivity (which was used as a proxy for climate factors), and average cutting stage, economic variables such as the price of sugarcane, land price, and labor cost were included in the econometric model. The panel data methodology (e.g., pooled, fixed effects, and random effects models) was used for six regions in the state of São Paulo to analyze these variables. Results indicated that the most important variables to explain the productivity of sugarcane in these regions were the attainable productivity and the average cutting stage, followed by the price of sugarcane. The results also indicated that the introduction of new varieties did not contribute significantly to the increased productivity of sugarcane in the state of São Paulo during this period, suggesting no impact of innovative biological contributions to sugarcane productivity. The varietal newness index and a qualitative analysis of varietal census data suggested that the pace of adoption of new varieties during this period was low. Most areas cultivated with sugarcane in these regions were occupied by sugarcane developed in the 1980s, even though new sugarcane varieties are periodically released by breeding programs.

The government has included biological technology industries among the priorities of development program for ¡§challenge 2008--national development plan¡¨ and ¡§Two Trillions Double Stars Industries Development Plan¡¨. As the labor cost rising and many industries moving to Mainland China, several traditional industries in Taiwan have successfully transformed into biological technology industries for surviving, while some pharmaceutical industries seems not to do well as above. So the author would like to dip out intensively why non-pharmaceutical industries could convert the investment into biological technology sectors successfully than the pharmaceutical counterparts. It would collect some relevant data and get interviews from respective company and literature review, and then apply SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats) analysis to understand what kinds of impediments those companies have encountered, how they resolved the problems and what results they yielded. May this study provide feasible advises about the optimal routes and approaches for Taiwan industries to transform into biological technology sectors by analyzing and comparing different cases of converted investment. The results that have been found are as follows: the converted investments which non-pharmaceutical industries embarked upon could divided into two approaches--- one for those companies that had adequately understand their own merits and felt they should convert the investment into biological technology sectors; another one is that the transformed company only hoped to facilitate the opportunity which government prioritized to market their products well. In near future, we would see the biological technology industries come to merger, vertical integration and strategic alliance due to research & development, marketing access and acquirements of capitals. According to this survey, most pharmaceutical companies wouldn¡¦t like to transform into biological technology industries because of some state policies, such as cGMP system, health insurance bureau lowering the payment for pharmaceutical companies, domestic markets having been liberated and new labor retirement pension fund systems. Besides, the pharmaceutical industries have been stepping up the speed of merger and shakeout, certainly would they not to transform into biological technology industries. Therefore, if the domestic industries hope to convert their investments, they should layout short-term and long-term strategies, which the former ought to take priority of creating the profits so as to facilitate the development of the latter which would focus on building up marketing accesses, cultivating R&D talents and their competences, as well as expanding strategic alliance actively with international enterprises for biological technology. To conclude, this study would provide Taiwan industries who tried to transform some advises, such as to consider merger, develop healthy food, beef up the integrated supply chains, loosen the conditions of becoming a listed company or OTC(over-the-counter) company, value the intellectual property right and open overseas markets.

Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar a contribuição das inovações biológicas, consideradas como a introdução de novas variedades de cana-de-açúcar, para a produtividade agrícola dessa cultura no estado de São Paulo em um período recente, mais especificamente para os anos de 1998 a 2009 devido à disponibilidade de dados. Para atingir o objetivo proposto foi construído um índice de novidade varietal para medir o ritmo de adoção de novas variedades de cana-de-açúcar tendo como base o censo varietal do Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira (CTC) localizado em Piracicaba, SP. Além das variáveis índice de novidade varietal, produtividade atingível (como proxy de fatores climáticos) e estágio médio de corte, variáveis econômicas como preço da cana-de-açúcar, preço da terra e preço da mão-de-obra também foram consideradas no modelo econométrico proposto. A metodologia empregada foi a de dados em painel (modelos Pooled ou MQO Agrupado, Efeitos Fixos e Efeitos Aleatórios), com seis regiões para o estado de São Paulo ao longo dos anos 1998 a 2009. Os resultados indicaram que as variáveis mais importantes para explicar a produtividade da cana-de-açúcar foram as variáveis produtividade atingível e o estágio médio de corte, seguido pelo preço da cana-de-açúcar. Em relação à contribuição das inovações biológicas para a produtividade da cana, os resultados indicaram que a introdução de novas variedades não contribuiu significativamente para o aumento da produtividade dessa cultura no estado de São Paulo no período analisado. O índice de novidade varietal e a análise qualitativa do censo varietal indicaram que o ritmo de adoção de novas variedades durante esse período foi baixo, pois a maior parte da área cultivada com cana-de-açúcar nas regiões do estado de São Paulo ainda são ocupadas com variedades desenvolvidas na década de 1980, embora sejam lançadas constantemente novas variedades de cana-de-açúcar pelos programas de melhoramento genético. / This study aimed to analyze the contributions of new varieties of sugarcane to the agricultural productivity in the state of São Paulo during recent years, specifically for the period between 1998 and 2009. To achieve this objective, the varietal newness index was used to measure the pace of adoption of new varieties of sugarcane, and this index was based on the varietal census data of the Sugarcane Technology Center in Piracicaba, SP. In addition to varietal newness index, attainable productivity (which was used as a proxy for climate factors), and average cutting stage, economic variables such as the price of sugarcane, land price, and labor cost were included in the econometric model. The panel data methodology (e.g., pooled, fixed effects, and random effects models) was used for six regions in the state of São Paulo to analyze these variables. Results indicated that the most important variables to explain the productivity of sugarcane in these regions were the attainable productivity and the average cutting stage, followed by the price of sugarcane. The results also indicated that the introduction of new varieties did not contribute significantly to the increased productivity of sugarcane in the state of São Paulo during this period, suggesting no impact of innovative biological contributions to sugarcane productivity. The varietal newness index and a qualitative analysis of varietal census data suggested that the pace of adoption of new varieties during this period was low. Most areas cultivated with sugarcane in these regions were occupied by sugarcane developed in the 1980s, even though new sugarcane varieties are periodically released by breeding programs.