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Title: Development of tennis technique Objectives: The main object of this thesis is to analyse the fundamental factors that affect the development of tennis technique. Furthermore, this thesis presents the most common deviations from the optimal tennis technique, including their possible causes, and consequently suggests possible corrections that would help optimise the technique. Methods: Based on the analysis of documents, are present the fundamental factors that influence tennis technique. Specific selected deviations are develop from the optimal tennis technique on the parts of the basic strokes, in which the specific deviations, its description and the causes are stated. Furthermore, methods of correction to eliminate the mentioned technical deviations are proposed. This methods are based on the analysis of documents and observations from our own past experience. Results: The result is a detailed analysis of factors that affect the development of tennis technique. Furthermore, a list of deviations from the optimal technique with possible causes and proposed methods of their possible correction. The theoretical basis of the work deals with tennis technique as a fundamental factor influencing sports performance in tennis. Keywords: Biomechanics, exercises, correction, deviation, stroke

Title: Experimental investigation of human gait analysis parameters Objective: The main objective of diploma thesis was an experiment, that examined kinematic and dimensional parameters of human gait which was captured by several cameras and acquired data was recorded in 2D and 3D measurement. Secondary objective was to compare and statistically evaluate data acquired from measurement. The objective of analysis was to discover and describe possible regularities, patterns of human gait and other connections in investigated subjects. Methods: Comparative method was used in the thesis. The purpose of the experiment was to compare parameters measured during attempts of every subject that were conducted under different conditions (different velocity, dressed, undressed, in the environment of 2D and 3D recording) and also to compare different subjects with each other. Results: In the experiment we observed that it is possible to prove the relation between the length of a step and the velocity of gait and also the relation between the change in the body height and the velocity of human gait by three dimensional recording of gait and its analysis. This contention was confirmed in the comparison dressed and undressed subjects. The result of the experiment was, that with increasing velocity of gait is...

Title: Human axial system: identification of connective tissues changes Objectives: The main objective of this thesis was to compile a review of techniques and methods currently used in identification of connective tissues changes. Methods: The method used in this thesis is a critical literature review - a study of research papers from available information sources accompanied by author's comments. Foreign sources are represented mostly by research papers accessible via electronic archives such as ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Springer, Wiley. Also other foreign publications were used. The theoretical part is focused on basic anatomy and physiology of the spine and states main methods of identification of connective tissues changes involved in this area. The main part describes particulars of researches dedicated to identification of functional and morphological characteristics of different spinal components. Results: In addition to classic methods of spinal research, the thesis introduces also new developing techniques and methods. Procedures used in current research are described; their advantages and limits are explained. Key words: spine, biomechanics, loading, intervertebral disc, method

Title: Experimental motion analysis of human locomotion Objectives: The aim of this work is verification of the hypothesis that it is possible to identify humans using measurement of parameters of their gait taken from surveillance camera's records. Methods: In our thesis we used the method of comparison. The aim of the experiment is comparison of parameters measured in different trials of each subject under different conditions (different walking speeds, with or without clothes on, and using either 2D or 3D record), as well as comparison across different subjects. Results: We found that using a 3D record of human gait, it is possible to improve our capability of identifying them. We also found that it is necessary to compare either dressed subjects strictly among themselves or stripped subjects strictly among themselves, because otherwise the comparison is not meaningful. Furthermore, we found that using our geometrical methods, it is possible to deduce gait parameters from a 2D camera record when it comes to height of the subject, but not so for length of their step. Keywords: gait, identification, kinematic analysis, forensic biomechanics

Title: Comparison of postural stabilization of athletes and trail runners with postural somatoosilography. Objectives: The main aim of this study is comparison of postural stability of athletes (track runners) and trail runners. We want to determine, if run in the field can affect positive postural stabilization. Methods: In our thesis we used a method of analysis and a method of comparison. Analysis is performed with postural somatooscilography (PSOG). This method contains postural provocation test on Posturomed. Oscilation of this platform is shooted in program Microswing 5.0. Then these dates are evaluated in program Posturomed Commander. We compared these dates with statistical methods and box plots in program Statistica 10 and Microsoft Excel 2007. Results: We found out when we compared 17 trail runners and 11 track runners that trail runners reached better postural stability. Trail runners had better postural stability in the first measurement and also had better results in comparison of three measurements. Track runners achieved the best results in the third measurement and trail runners had the best results of postural stabilization in the second measurement. Keywords: postural stabilization, biomechanics of running, Posturomed, postural somatooscilography

This dissertation describes in detail the issue of passive safety related to the biomechanics of injuries and crash tests processed as well. Statistics of accidents for the last 10 years, which show the maximum and minimum numbers of accidents and fatalities, are presented in the first chapter, "Overview of the current state of solved problematice. There is also briefly defined legislative relationship between the driver, as road users on the one hand and vulnerable pedestrians on the other hand. The issue of injury biomechanics and especially the serious injuries of body parts (organs) are elaborated in relevant chapter. Methodological part of the thesis described and analyzed data from previously crash tests and serve as a basis for comparison with other experimental tests. Other tests means tests performed on the shock chamber. After evaluation and processing of measured data is to identify and describe the limits of the load, which is the human body when exposed to incompatible impact.

Title: Relationship between hip muscles and dynamics front kick while using ballistic vest and backpack. Objective: Determine the rate of the relationship among isokinetic strength of hip muscles during flexion and extension movement, external and internal rotation and the dynamics of the front kick while using the military personal protective equipment. The method: The master thesis corresponds with an empirically based study of observational type. The measured research sample consisted of students (n = 15) of Military Department attending full-time and combined form of study at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport of Charles University in Prague. Dynamics of front kick were measured by dynamometric Kistler plates and evaluated through computer software BioWare. Isokinetic strength of hip muscles during flexion and extension movement, external and internal rotation was tested and rated by isokinetic dynamometer Humac Norm. The flexibility of selected muscles group was measured by a specialist in physiotherapist area. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient of the order (rs) was chosen for the final evaluation of the rate of relationship. The results: The strongest correlation relationship was between the external hip rotation muscles (at speed 90 řs-1 ) and the impact force on the...

The thesis deals with measurements of the atherosclerothic carotid plaques mechanical properties with wiew towards the improvements of their constitutive models and then towards the impact of application of those constitutive models in fibrous cap. The introductory part provides a brief summary of medical knowledge needed to understand atheroma formation and the risks involved. Next, there's a survey of plaque mechanical testing methods and the obtained results on tissue properties. The previously used constitutive models of atherosclerothic tissues are listed as well. Main body of the thesis describes the preparation of testing samples from obtained atheroma, methodology and course of experiments execution and subsequent processing of the experimental data to evaluate the behavior of the atheromatous tissue individual parts. Then the discussion and evaluation of our results and findings is given. Along with the evaluated mechanical properties, experimental data fitted to models are presented with respect to their predictive abilities. The final part is dedvoted to the finite element analysis of an idealized 2D model with emphasis on the effect of necrotic core and fibrous tissue properties on von Mises equivalent stress in the fibrous cap.

Today is the surface hip repacement very often surgery becouse of new studies and improvements. For young and active people it's the best way to delay implantation of a total hip replacement. The objective of this study was to perform finite-element analyses of computational model of the partial/total surface replacement, conventional partial/total replacement and physiological hip joint. We obtained strain-stress states from these analyses. All results were compared one another and then were confronted with results of the physiological hip joint. The three-dimensional computational model consists of these components: sacral, pelvic and femoral bone, muscles, artificial socket, and surface hip replacement. We were using FEM system ANSYS. The geometrical models of bones were generated by means of computed tomography (CT) images. The FE model of bone reflects two types of the bone tissues (trabecular and cortical bone) and muscles which are important when standing on one leg. The model of the muscle corresponds to isometric contraction. The implants material and bone tissues were modelled as isotropic linear elastic material. The model was loaded by force, corresponding to load by standing on one leg.