Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andrea Nosek Lengyel.pdf: 347333 bytes, checksum: d4d30d5d0c5ad202790cab9cb571c5ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-15 / This paper intends to discuss current forms of children s play, toys and games used in contemporary society, under a psychoanalytical perspective. Considering contemporary society as a consumer s society, under the influence of advertising and television, resulting in a culture of image and spectacle. Alongside peremptory happiness and immediatism, there is a requirement of fulfillment and competency directing people s lives, including children s. The new social logic assigns people hierarchically according to consumption possibilities: those who are or are not; who can or cannot; who have or do not have worth. As a result, depriving them of the right to autheticity and freedom since childhood. The rules are given and we try to adapt to them. As the psychoanalytical basis for this paper, I used the support of Sigmund Freud s, D. W. Winnicott s and J. Lacan s works. In the transition from a modern production society to a post-modern consumption society, I approach the subject who seeks completeness by acquiring goods, thus obliterating their own possibility to desire, play and fantasize. In the Capitalistic ideal, it is imperative to shorten the path between production and consumption. To illustrate this cultural change, I analyzed children s play and today s predominant birthday parties model, which I then compare to other more traditional forms of celebration. Moreover, I comment on the intensity of stimuli intended to entertain, motivate and teach children, but which ignore their capacities to choose, think, create, and, mostly, desire / Este trabalho tem a intenção de discutir as novas formas do brincar e da brincadeira na sociedade contemporânea, sob o ponto de vista da psicanálise, uma sociedade de consumo que sofre a influência da propaganda e da televisão na cultura do espetáculo. Ao lado de um imperativo de felicidade e imediatismo, uma necessidade de desempenho e eficiência comanda a vida dos cidadãos, inclusive das crianças. A nova lógica da vida social dispõe as pessoas hierarquicamente por meio das suas possibilidades de consumo quem é e quem não é, quem pode e quem não pode, quem vale e quem não vale , tirando o direito de autenticidade e liberdade desde a infância. As regras são dadas e tentamos nos adaptar a elas. Para o embasamento psicanalítico do brincar, respaldo-me em Sigmund Freud, D. W. Winnicott e Jacques Lacan. Abordo o sujeito, na passagem da sociedade moderna de produção para a sociedade pós-moderna de consumo, aquele que procura a completude na aquisição de objetos, o que oblitera a capacidade de desejar, brincar e fantasiar. No ideal do capitalismo, a exigência é que se encurte o caminho entre a produção e o consumo. Para exemplificar essa mudança cultural, são analisados algumas brincadeiras e o modelo de festas infantis preponderante na atualidade, os quais são em seguida comparados a outras formas de comemorar mais tradicionais. Além disso, discuto a intensidade de exposição a estímulos que pretendem divertir, incentivar e ensinar as crianças, mas que deixam de lado a capacidade de escolher, pensar, criar em suma, desejar

The thesis based on contemporary press identifies how the newspaper wrote about Karel Havlíček Borovský during the anniversaries of his birth and his death and whether it wrote about him at all. Thereby, traces the development of the myth of Karel Havlíček and the role which the press has played in this process. The paper focuses on Karel Havlíček's attributes which were used in the articles to describe his personality. It also shows different types of festivities commemorating the anniversaries. In the analysis selected Czech written press from the period from 1866 until 2011 was used. Before the research is introduced, chapters presenting some of academic and scholarly books as well as non-fictional ones describing Havlíček or selected aspects of his work (e.g. linguistic); editions of the letters of his and some editions of his work are mentioned. Following chapters deal with the issue of myth and cult of Karel Havlíček and with the issue of festivities/celebration seen from the perspective of several historians.

Les algorithmes de chiffrement par blocs paramétrables constituent une généralisation des algorithmes de chiffrement par blocs classiques qui, en plus d'une clé et d'un message à chiffrer ou déchiffrer, admettent un paramètre additionnel, nommé tweak en anglais. Le rôle de ce paramètre additionnel est d'apporter une variabilité à l'algorithme de chiffrement, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de changer la clé ou de garder le tweak secret. Ce dernier doit également pouvoir être contrôlé par l'adversaire sans dégradation de la sécurité. Dans cette thèse nous nous intéressons à une classe particulière d'algorithmes de chiffrement par blocs, les algorithmes de chiffrement par blocs à clé alternée. Plusprécisément, nous étudions la sécurité du schéma d'Even-Mansour, qui constitue une abstraction de la structure de ces algorithmes dans le modèle de la permutation aléatoire, et cherchons à rendre ce schéma paramétrable tout en conservant de fortes garanties de sécurité. À cette fin, nous introduisons une nouvelle construction générique, baptiséeTEM, qui remplace les clés de tours de la construction d'Even-Mansour par une valeur qui dépend de la clé et du tweak, et en étudions la sécurité dans deux cas : lorsque le mixage de la clé et du tweak est linéaire ou lorsqu'il est très non-linéaire. Nos preuves de sécurité utilisent la technique des coefficients H, introduite par Jacques Patarin danssa thèse de doctorat, qui permet de transformer des problèmes cryptographiques en problèmes combinatoires sur des groupes finis. / Tweakable block ciphers are a generalization of classical block ciphers which, in addition to a key and a plaintext or a ciphertext, take an additionnal parameter called a tweak. The goal of this new parameter is to bring variability to the block cipher without needing to change the key or to keep the tweak secret. The tweak should also be adversariallycontrollable without sacrificing security. In this thesis we study a particular class of block ciphers, namely key-alternating ciphers. More precisely, we study the security of the Even-Mansour scheme, which is an abstraction of these ciphers in the random permutation model, and seek to bring tweakability to this scheme while keeping strong security guarantees. To this end, we introduce a new generic construction, dubbed TEM, which replaces the round keys from the Even-Mansour construction by a value depending on both the key and the tweak, and study its security in two cases: when the tweak and key mixing is linear or highly non-linear. Our security proofs rely on the H-coefficients technique, a technique introduced by Jacques Patarin in his PhD thesis which transforms cryptographic problems into combinatorial problems in finite groups.

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