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Abstract The global phenomenon of declining birthrate and aging society have provided promising prospects for the future development of smart robots (´¼¼z«¬¾÷¾¹¤H). In respond to this need, large amount of R&D, manufacturing and HR resources have been put in the training, technology and product development of smart robots. Not only should Taiwan accelerate the overall implementation strategy for this emerging industry, it should also understand the worldwide robotics industry development overview. This paper has organized worldwide R&D and educational implementation of smart robots for the past year along with conducting in-depth interviews with domestic experts and government agencies. These studies show different country¡¦s corresponding strategy on their own industry development, R&D personnel training, implementation into the education systems, and technology innovation applications for robotics industry. It will also analyze the necessity of promoting education on robot technology as suggested by domestic scholars and professionals. From the multiple perspective of international environment, changes in the domestic educational environment, national development objectives, to Dahan Co. Ltd strategies, we can conclude the promotion of education in robotics technology is beneficial in innovation and creativity. It is also necessary as it can help to encourage students to conduct research in this field. The purpose of this thesis is to provide a feasible proposal that creates a synergy between the developments of the robotics technology industry and also Taiwan¡¦s educational system.

Abstract Education in Taiwan today face the most serious problem is that rapid fertility decline. The population is concentrated to the metropolitan area, relocation of villages and towns of the young population. Aging seriously dropped the number of students in remote areas, while the tertiary institutions have increased rapidly. Therefore, the private colleges will face the dilemma of low enrollment, the education market today liberalization in recent years, the number of additional colleges and universities nearly saturated, from the 1986-2008 school year, the number of colleges and universities has reached 162. School for the sake of sustainable development, to avoid being out of the market must change the current mode of operation. Private colleges and universities must master their own unique advantages, improve teaching quality, and to make appropriate use of marketing strategies to cope with enroll and enroll management insufficient predicament. The purpose of this study, that is the object from the private post-secondary school students (graduates close to 300-500 in the name of the country) questionnaire data and other high homogeneity of Nursing (1-2 home) Admission strategy, for the respondents By using quantitative analysis of questionnaire data, this research through quantitative survey data collected in the synchronization of the views of students and graduates around the country in about the views of school choice to students in-depth understanding of the key decision factors, to find private post-secondary school Admission policies should be Note that matters.

The subject of my thesis is to analyze the evolution of the reproductive behavior of the Czech population to assess changes over time, especially after 1989 and to analyze the success of assisted reproduction in the Czech Republic in the period 2007 to 2013. It is divided into several parts. The first theoretical part describes the change in reproductive behavior after 1989, risk factors and causes of female and male infertility, possible tratments of diagnosed infertility and various methods of assisted reproduction. Another analytical part is dedicated to the evolution of fertility and the phenomenon of childlessness of young women. Some indicators are compared with selected European countries for an overall assessment. Subsequently are analyzed in detail the most widely used methods of assisted reproduction IVF, ICSI and kryoembryotransfer and of using indicators Pregnancy rate and Take-home baby rate is assessed their effectiveness. The thesis is supplemented by own research reproductive and family behavior on a selected sample of the Czech population.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(エネルギー科学) / 甲第19818号 / エネ博第324号 / 新制||エネ||65(附属図書館) / 32854 / 京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科エネルギー社会・環境科学専攻 / (主査)教授 東野 達, 教授 宇根﨑 博信, 准教授 MCLELLAN,Benjamin / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Energy Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Le Japon connaît depuis les années 1980 un certain nombre de difficultés liées au taux de natalité qui sont parmi les plus faibles dans le monde. Face à cette situation, le gouvernement japonais rejette la faute sur les femmes qui, selon le gouvernement, perdent les valeurs familiales et deviennent de plus en plus égoïstes. Ce changement, serait dû, entre autres, à un niveau plus haut niveau d’éducation et à des attentes croissantes tant au niveau personnel que professionnel. Dans ce mémoire, nous nous attacherons, à l’aide de différentes théories sur la faible natalité, à démontrer que s’il y a effectivement eu un changement au niveau des valeurs familiales, ces derniers n’expliquent pas entièrement la situation actuelle. Ainsi, nous touchons ici à la situation économique, au manque d’égalité entre les hommes et les femmes dans les différentes sphères de la vie et, enfin nous parlerons des changements au niveau des valeurs. / Japan is one of the countries with the lowest birthrate in the world since 1980s, and the low birthrate has lead to certain problems for the country. The Japanese government holds women responsible for the decreasing birthrate, stating that they are losing their traditional family values and becoming egocentric. This change is due to a higher level of education, accompanied by growing personal and professional expectations for women. In this thesis, we try to defend, with different theories on low birthrate, that even though there may be a change in values, it is not entirely responsible for the actual situation in Japan. We will cover the economic condition, the lack of gender equality in different spheres of life, and finally the change in traditional values.

Le Japon connaît depuis les années 1980 un certain nombre de difficultés liées au taux de natalité qui sont parmi les plus faibles dans le monde. Face à cette situation, le gouvernement japonais rejette la faute sur les femmes qui, selon le gouvernement, perdent les valeurs familiales et deviennent de plus en plus égoïstes. Ce changement, serait dû, entre autres, à un niveau plus haut niveau d’éducation et à des attentes croissantes tant au niveau personnel que professionnel. Dans ce mémoire, nous nous attacherons, à l’aide de différentes théories sur la faible natalité, à démontrer que s’il y a effectivement eu un changement au niveau des valeurs familiales, ces derniers n’expliquent pas entièrement la situation actuelle. Ainsi, nous touchons ici à la situation économique, au manque d’égalité entre les hommes et les femmes dans les différentes sphères de la vie et, enfin nous parlerons des changements au niveau des valeurs. / Japan is one of the countries with the lowest birthrate in the world since 1980s, and the low birthrate has lead to certain problems for the country. The Japanese government holds women responsible for the decreasing birthrate, stating that they are losing their traditional family values and becoming egocentric. This change is due to a higher level of education, accompanied by growing personal and professional expectations for women. In this thesis, we try to defend, with different theories on low birthrate, that even though there may be a change in values, it is not entirely responsible for the actual situation in Japan. We will cover the economic condition, the lack of gender equality in different spheres of life, and finally the change in traditional values.

This thesis deals with the topic of childbirth and birth delivery in Eastern Africa. The theoretical part tackles mostly the high birth rates, midwifery and hygiene habits and rituals, health system, alternative approaches in midwifery care and traditional healing methods, post-natal care as well as high maternal and infant mortality rates. It uncovers the taboo topic of female circumcision and the impact that it has on giving birth. It furthermore describes a case of an especially complicated labour of a Ugandan girl called Fatima Mirembe who gave birth in a prison hospital. The practical part of this paper consists of a research survey that, using questionnaires, aims to find out what the women from the Ugandan Nyakyera Village and the communities nearby experience during and after the delivery and what the quality of local post-natal care is. It also describes the abortion rate in the area and common causes of abortions and it also describes the knowledge of the true story of Fatima Mirembe. Keywords African women, Fatima Mirembe, childbirth, birthrate, Uganda, East Africa, health care, female circumcision

自貿易自由化及全球化以來,先進國家的教育「市場化」已成趨勢。此時教 育產業中的消費者-學生與其家長可依據其意願和偏好在眾多教育機構中來做 選擇,教育市場勢必逐漸走向「消費者」主導的競爭機制。近年來,全球少子化 議題延燒,台灣更在 2012 年創下全球最低生育率,其中幼托產業首當其衝。不 僅在幼兒就讀人數的逐年下降外,幼兒園的核心資源-幼教師亦因不斷增設的公 立幼兒園,嚴重的流失。 本研究即以幼兒園為研究主題,屬質性之個案研究,以個案公司-A 公司為 研究對象,並選擇同一教學法及規模相近之標竿公司作為比較基準,探討與個案 主體公司之經營現狀比較,並運用策略行銷 4C 模型中四項消費者心中產生之成 本-外顯單位效益成本、資訊蒐集成本、道德危機成本、專屬陷入成本作為架構, 進一步探討兩公司之現行策略中,與消費者心中主觀成本間所產生的落差,並依 據分析結果提出針對 A 公司未來發展策略之建議。 研究中發現私立幼兒園在營運模式上,應著重在服務模式及教學專業的精進, 以提升消費者心中的價值,得以降低其外顯單位效益成本(C1),並對消費者及內 部員工皆維持一致的產品定位,以降低資訊搜集成本(C2)及道德危機成本(C3); 最後因長期耕耘的品牌價值,與消費者建立起專屬資產,得以成為消費者最後的 選擇。最後,需同時洞察市場變化及風險,即時掌握學前教育政策,靈活彈性的 調整企業自身的狀態,達到永續經營的長程目標。 / Since trade liberalization and globalization, the marketization of education in advanced countries has become a trend. At this point in the education industry, consumers - the students and their parents can choose educational institutions in accordance with their wishes and preferences. Therefore, the education market is gradually moving toward the consumers-leading competition. In recent years, as the world's dramatically birthrate declining and continuing as a hot issue, Taiwan even reached a new record of world’s lowest fertility rate in 2012, which directly impacted private child-care industry. Not only declining number of children enrolled, but also increased turnover rate of the teachers due to new-established public preschools and day-care centers. The theme of this research aims at preschool industry, using the qualitative study on A company and choose a same approach and size as the benchmark company to discuss A company current operation situation. Besides, applying strategy marketing 4C model –Cost of External Unit Effectiveness(C1), Cost of Searching(C2), Cost of Moral Hazard(C3) and Cost of Engagement(C4), to further investigate the gap between corporate strategies and the consumers’ insight needs. Then propose suggestions of future development strategy to A company based on the analysis results. The study found that the business model of preschool should focus on client service systems and sophisticated teaching development in order to enhance the value of consumer insights, and to significantly reduce the external unit tcost-effectiveness (C1). In additions, given the consistent brand positioning to both consumers and internal teachers could effectively reduce the cost of searching (C2) and the moral cost (C3). In the end, as a result of a long-term cultivation of brand value to establish exclusive assets to clients, it spontaneously becomes the customer first choice with high royalty. Moreover, it is also suggested that people should keep high awareness to industrial changes and challenges, and timely review the government regulations to ensure sustainability of the company.

Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / This thesis analyzes adverse demographic trends in the European Union, including sub-replacement birthrates and increasing median ages. It investigates the implications of these trends for the EU's prospects for becoming a stronger and more influential actor in international affairs. Pressures arising from population trends in and near the EU could ultimately affect national and EU cohesion, governmental effectiveness, and social stability. Absent remedial measures, social programs in some EU countries will be unsustainable due to the mounting financial burden of pensions and health care for growing elderly populations. Such financial obligations hinder funding other national programs, including modernized military capabilities. Nationalism and national identity are at issue in immigrant integration and assimilation efforts. The role of population trends with regard to the growing threat of radical Islamic fundamentalism is explored. The thesis concludes with policy recommendations that might be considered to avert the looming economic, social, and security crises that may result from these demographic trends. In short, the security and financial consequences foreshadowed by the current demographic trends of an aging, economically weaker, and socially conflicted European Union could present dramatic implications for the vital national interests of the United States. / Lieutenant, United States Navy