Se analiza la variabilidad morfológica de Jatropha curcas en 20 poblaciones cultivadas en las regiones de Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes, San Martín y Ucayali. Se muestrearon 123 individuos de 2-4 cm de dap; se registraron ocho parámetros morfométricos como: altura total de la planta, número de ramas de la planta, número de lóbulos del limbo, longitud del limbo, del pecíolo, del fruto, largo y ancho de la semilla. Los parámetros fueron analizados mediante la prueba de comparaciones de medias ANOVA (p menor 0.05); a los que mostraron diferencias significativas se realiza el análisis de componentes principales. Existen diferencias significativas de seis parámetros entre las poblaciones; respecto a la altura total de la planta, el mayor valor se registra para la población de La Libertad, y el menor valor para la población de San Isidro; respecto a la cantidad de ramas, el mayor valor se registra para Olmos, y el menor valor para Chazuta; respecto a la longitud del limbo y el pecíolo, el mayor valor se registra para Tambo Grande, y el menor valor para Olmos; respecto a la cantidad de lóbulos, el mayor valor se registra para Tambo Grande, y el menor valor para Curimaná; respecto a la longitud del fruto, el mayor valor se registra para la población de Oidor y el menor valor en la población Yarinacocha. Los resultados del Análisis de Componentes Principales mostraron que el 66.9% de la varianza correspondió a los 2 primeros componentes. No se observaron grupos claramente definidos; sin embargo, las poblaciones de la región costera formaron grupos distintos con respecto a las poblaciones de la región amazónica. Palabras Claves: piñón blanco, morfometría, análisis de varianza, análisis de componentes principales. / We analyzed the morphological variation of Jatropha curcas in 20 populations grown in the regions of Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes, San Martin and Ucayali. A total of 123 individuals with DBH 2-4 cm were sampled, eight morphometric parameters were evaluated such as total plant height, number of branches of the plant, number of lobes of the lamina, length of blade, petiole, fruit and seed. The parameters were analyzed by Paired t test ANOVA (p less than 0.05), those with significant differences were performed principal components analysis. There are significant differences among the populations in seven parameters; regarding the total plant height, the highest value recorded was in La Libertad, and the lowest value for the population of San Isidro; regarding the number of branches, the highest value recorded was in Olmos, and the lowest value for Chazuta; regarding the length of the blade and petiole, the highest value recorded was found in Tambo Grande, and the lowest value in Olmos, regarding the number of lobes, the highest value recorded was in Tambo Grande, and the lowest value in Curimaná; regarding the length of the fruit, the highest value recorded was found in Oidor and the lowest in the population Yarinacocha. The Principal Component Analysis showed that 70.9% of the variance corresponds to the two first components. Groups clearly defined were not observed; however, the populations of the coastal region formed groups distinct from those of the jungle region. Keywords: piñon blanco, morfometric, variance analysis, principal components analysis.

Texte remanié de: Tesis de doctorado--Historia--Cáceres--Universidad de Extramedura. Titre de soutenance : Del atentado contra Carrero al gople de Tejero : el aconticimiento histórico en los medios de comunicación. / Bibliogr (p. 394-399).

Today, and for the last 20 years, the Blanco Bowling Club and Café has seen a decrease of active membership and faces real challenges to maintain relevance in an ever-evolving world of technology, activities, entertainment and economic uncertainty. Ninepin bowling is spread over four mostly rural counties in Texas’ Hill Country with 18 different alleys, including Blanco. Though Blanco’s population has grown over the last 50 years, its bowling club’s membership hasn’t. Blanco, a town of 2,205 people is a rural outlier statistically – it has grown every 10 years since the 1950s. From 2000 to 2010, Blanco’s population grew by over 33 percent, more than double Texas’ average and almost five times the national growth rate. Several factors could account for Blanco’s growth, but being roughly 45 miles from both Austin and San Antonio and being located on a state highway doesn’t hurt. Gourley suspects that now more than ever people are calling Blanco home while working in nearby population centers. They don’t get out into the community as much. The club, and to some extent the town itself, is and has been under a quiet assault from the modern world. / text

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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniero Agrónomo Mención: Enología y Vitivinicultura / La formación de turbidez y/o depósitos en vinos blancos embotellados, es uno de los principales problemas que aqueja la industria del vino. Se cree que el principal factor responsable de esto, sería la presencia de proteínas térmicamente inestables, llamadas también proteínas patogénicas. Para estudiar este problema, se evaluó el efecto que tienen sobre la abundancia de proteínas patogénicas del mosto de uva, distintos tratamientos de maceración y prensado a distintos tiempos y etapas respectivamente. Adicionalmente se evaluó la cantidad de bentonita necesaria para estabilizar un vino procedente de uva macerada y prensada, y uva solo prensada. La cantidad de proteínas patogénicas obtenidas después de los tratamientos de maceración fueron mayores a las encontradas en las muestras testigos, donde se observó que a mayor tiempo de maceración hubo una mayor cantidad de proteínas patogénicas. Esta tendencia se correlaciona con un aumento en la inestabilidad proteica de los mostos. El caso de los tratamientos de prensados (tres y seis etapas), no se observó una correlación entre la abundancia de proteínas patogénicas e inestabilidad proteica de los mostos. Finalmente, la cantidad de proteínas patogénicas encontradas en un vino elaborado a partir de uva macerada y prensada, fue mayor que las encontradas en un vino elaborado con uvas solo prensadas. De esta manera fue necesaria una adición de bentonita mayor en el vino con ambos tratamientos (20% mayor al vino con uva solo prensada). / The formation of turbidity and/or deposits in bottled white wines is one of the main problems facing the wine industry. It is believed that the main factor responsible for this, is the presence of thermally unstable proteins, also called pathogenic proteins. To study this problem, were evaluated the effects on protein abundance of grape-pathogenic, different maceration and pressing treatments at different times and stages respectively. Additionally, were evaluated the amount of bentonite required to stabilize a wine from macerated and pressed grape and grape just pressed. The number of pathogenic proteins obtained after maceration treatments were higher than those found in standard samples, where it was observed that the longer the maceration was a higher number of pathogenic proteins. This trend correlates with increased protein instability musts. The case of pressed treatments (three and six stages), there was a correlation between protein abundance and protein instability pathogenic musts. Finally, the number of pathogenic proteins found in a wine made from grapes macerated and pressed, was higher than those found in wine grapes pressed only. Thus it took a further addition of bentonite in wine with both treatments (20% higher than the wine pressed from grapes only).

Entre 1808 e 1814 o Império Hispânico esteve envolvido por uma grande crise, iniciada pelo sequestro do rei Fernando VII por Napoleão Bonaparte. Com a invasão francesa, uma parte do povo espanhol resistiu aos conquistadores, e entre eles havia um grupo de ilustrados que se reuniam normalmente em uma tertúlia. Sob o comando do poeta Manuel Quintana, este grupo decidiu escrever o Semanario Patriótico, um jornal pioneiro, que interpretava a crise militar como uma crise constitucional e tentava comandar uma revolução. Em meio às dificuldades peninsulares, a questão americana foi motivo de preocupação e esperança, e nesse ponto houve um dos maiores debates do período, que dizia respeito tanto à posição das antigas colônias na nova ordem quanto em como combater as crescentes insurgências. Diante dos problemas políticos e militares, o grupo fundador do Semanario Patriótico se separou, não apenas fisicamente, mas também politicamente, e fundou novos jornais. Enquanto a maior parte dos seus redatores integrou o grupo liberal durante as Cortes de Cádis, outros se afrancesaram ou então emigraram para a Inglaterra. Conforme tentaremos comprovar ao longo da dissertação, o grupo também se dividiu quanto à resolução dos problemas advindos do Antigo Regime e da Crise, propondo diferentes soluções não apenas para a Europa, mas igualmente para o Império Americano. Esse trabalho é, portanto, um estudo de como um grupo ilustrado tentou manejar a crise do Antigo Regime na Espanha ao mesmo tempo em que tentava manter o Império Atlântico, porém sob novas condições, e não repetindo a estrutura de colônia e metrópole. / Between 1808 and 1814 the Hispanic Empire was involved in a major crisis, which begun by the arrest of Fernando VII by Napoleon Bonaparte. With the French invasion, a section of the Spanish people resisted to the conquerors, and amid them there was a group of illustrated that made up, before, a tertulia. Under the leadership of Manuel Quintana, this group decided to publish the Semanario Patriótico, a precursor newspaper that interpreted the military crisis as a constitutional crisis and was trying to do a revolution. Among the peninsular difficulties, the American problem was the whole time a reason to be worried and to hope. At this point, there was one of the hardest discussions of the period, which related both to the status of the ancient colonies in the new order and to how to face the growing insurgences. In the face of the political and military issues, the founding band of the Semanario Patriótico split up, not only territorially, but also politically, and started new journals. While the majority of its redactors helped do define what was the new liberal party during the Cortes de Cádiz, others frenchfyed themselves or emigrated to England. According to what we will defend along the dissertation, the group also split up about the resolution of the problems coming from the Ancient Regime and from the Crisis, developing different resolutions, not only for Europe, but likewise to the American Empire. This work is, therefore, a study of how a handful of illustrated tried to handle the crisis of the Ancient Regime in Spain at the same time as they were trying to keep the Atlantic Empire, but under new conditions, and not repeating the old structure of colony and metropolis.

Entre 1808 e 1814 o Império Hispânico esteve envolvido por uma grande crise, iniciada pelo sequestro do rei Fernando VII por Napoleão Bonaparte. Com a invasão francesa, uma parte do povo espanhol resistiu aos conquistadores, e entre eles havia um grupo de ilustrados que se reuniam normalmente em uma tertúlia. Sob o comando do poeta Manuel Quintana, este grupo decidiu escrever o Semanario Patriótico, um jornal pioneiro, que interpretava a crise militar como uma crise constitucional e tentava comandar uma revolução. Em meio às dificuldades peninsulares, a questão americana foi motivo de preocupação e esperança, e nesse ponto houve um dos maiores debates do período, que dizia respeito tanto à posição das antigas colônias na nova ordem quanto em como combater as crescentes insurgências. Diante dos problemas políticos e militares, o grupo fundador do Semanario Patriótico se separou, não apenas fisicamente, mas também politicamente, e fundou novos jornais. Enquanto a maior parte dos seus redatores integrou o grupo liberal durante as Cortes de Cádis, outros se afrancesaram ou então emigraram para a Inglaterra. Conforme tentaremos comprovar ao longo da dissertação, o grupo também se dividiu quanto à resolução dos problemas advindos do Antigo Regime e da Crise, propondo diferentes soluções não apenas para a Europa, mas igualmente para o Império Americano. Esse trabalho é, portanto, um estudo de como um grupo ilustrado tentou manejar a crise do Antigo Regime na Espanha ao mesmo tempo em que tentava manter o Império Atlântico, porém sob novas condições, e não repetindo a estrutura de colônia e metrópole. / Between 1808 and 1814 the Hispanic Empire was involved in a major crisis, which begun by the arrest of Fernando VII by Napoleon Bonaparte. With the French invasion, a section of the Spanish people resisted to the conquerors, and amid them there was a group of illustrated that made up, before, a tertulia. Under the leadership of Manuel Quintana, this group decided to publish the Semanario Patriótico, a precursor newspaper that interpreted the military crisis as a constitutional crisis and was trying to do a revolution. Among the peninsular difficulties, the American problem was the whole time a reason to be worried and to hope. At this point, there was one of the hardest discussions of the period, which related both to the status of the ancient colonies in the new order and to how to face the growing insurgences. In the face of the political and military issues, the founding band of the Semanario Patriótico split up, not only territorially, but also politically, and started new journals. While the majority of its redactors helped do define what was the new liberal party during the Cortes de Cádiz, others frenchfyed themselves or emigrated to England. According to what we will defend along the dissertation, the group also split up about the resolution of the problems coming from the Ancient Regime and from the Crisis, developing different resolutions, not only for Europe, but likewise to the American Empire. This work is, therefore, a study of how a handful of illustrated tried to handle the crisis of the Ancient Regime in Spain at the same time as they were trying to keep the Atlantic Empire, but under new conditions, and not repeating the old structure of colony and metropolis.

La presente investigación se enmarca dentro la problemática energética que presenta Chile en la actualidad, principalmente en lo que se refiere a los altos grados de dependencia energética que presenta el país y el conflicto medioambiental que provoca la generación de energía eléctrica en base a combustibles fósiles. Así se propone desarrollar una investigación que abarque dichas temáticas y de solución, a lo menos en parte a estas problemáticas. Las Energías Renovables No Convencionales son la solución, alternativa y respuesta del futuro a la generación de energía eléctrica. Específicamente se trabaja con las pequeñas centrales hidroeléctricas de pasada, las cuales en su funcionamiento y capacidad de producir energías son altamente eficientes, además han probado a través del tiempo ser una energía limpia, segura y altamente confiable. De esta forma nace la idea de determinar el potencial del río Blanco ubicado en la novena región de la Araucanía, para la localización de Pequeñas centrales hidroeléctricas, en función de aspectos territoriales, técnicos y físicos.

Thesis (M.S.)--Texas State University-San Marcos, 2008. / Vita. Appendix: leaves 23-31. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 32-33). Also available on microfilm.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2004. / Advisor: Dr. Delia Poey, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Modern Languages and Linguistics. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 2004). Includes bibliographical references.