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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Os Botryllinae (TUNICATA: ASCIDIACEA) do Litoral Tropical Brasileiro / The Botryllinae (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) from the Brazilian Coast

Gledson Fabiano de Araujo Ferreira 06 August 2007 (has links)
The subfamily Botryllinae is composed of colonial ascidians present in all oceans circunglobally. The botryllinids form thin encrusting sheets, with zooids seldom reaching 3mm in length. Botryllinids comprise two genera, Botryllus and Botrylloides, but the validity of the later is currently questionated. The present work aimed to describe the Botrylllinae from the Brazilian coast, studying their phylogenetic relationships based on morphological characters. All lots of botryllids from the Ascidiacea Collection of the Marine Sciences Institute (Institute de CiÃncias do Mar, Labomar, UFC) were examined. Twenty informative characters based on colony structure and zooid morphology, were selected for phylogenetic reconstruction. The genus Symplegma was used as outgroup. The survey on the collection revealed the following species from Brazilian coast: Botrylloides giganteum, Botrylloides nigrum, Botryllus humilis, Botryllus planus, Botryllus cf. primigenus, Botryllus cf. tuberatus, Botryllus schlosseri, Botryllus tabori e Botryllus sp. n. Among the nine species recorded, only Botryllus tabori and a new species of Botryllus are considered endemic. The cladistic analysis yielded three equally parsimonious trees, where only Botryllus schlosseri changed its position in the different topologies. The monophily of the genus Botrylloides was observed, with the ovaries located ventrally in relation to the testicles as supporting synapomorphy. Botryllus seems to be a paraphiletic genus, with three diverging clades. / A subfamÃlia Botryllinae à um tÃxon de ascÃdias coloniais com ampla distribuiÃÃo, ocorrendo em praticamente todos os mares do planeta. Os animais desta subfamÃlia formam colÃnias incrustantes, com zoÃides raramente alcanÃando 3mm de comprimento. O tÃxon compreende somente dois gÃneros, Botryllus e Botrylloides, mas a validade deste Ãltimo gÃnero ainda à discutida. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo descrever os Botryllinae da costa brasileira, estudando suas relaÃÃes filogenÃticas com base em dados morfolÃgicos. Todos os lotes de botrilÃneos da ColeÃÃo de Ascidiacea do Instituto de CiÃncias do Mar (Labomar, UFC) foram examinados, e as espÃcies encontradas foram identificadas. Para a reconstruÃÃo filogenÃtica, 20 caracteres informativos foram selecionados, com base na estrutura da colÃnia e morfologia dos zoÃides. O gÃnero Symplegma foi usado como grupo externo. O exame dos exemplares da coleÃÃo revelou a presenÃa das seguintes espÃcies: Botrylloides giganteum, Botrylloides nigrum, Botryllus humilis, Botryllus planus, Botryllus cf. primigenus, Botryllus cf. tuberatus, Botryllus schlosseri, Botryllus tabori e Botryllus sp. n. Destas 9 espÃcies, somente a jà conhecida Botryllus tabori e uma espÃcie nova de Botryllus sÃo consideradas endÃmicas. A anÃlise cladÃstica gerou 3 Ãrvores igualmente parcimoniosas, nas quais a Ãnica diferenÃa foi a posiÃÃo da espÃcie Botryllus schlosseri. Foi observada a monofilia para o gÃnero Botrylloides, que teve como sinapomorfia o ovÃrio localizado em posiÃÃo ventral aos testÃculos. Para os Botryllus se observou a parafilia com a divisÃo em trÃs grupos distintos.

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