Three studies were conducted to assess if the ability of Enterococcus spp. surviving the ensiling process and bovine gastrointestinal tract could impact risk of bovine mastitis. The first study determined ability of enterococci to survive 3 wk ensiling. Grass and corn crops were divided into 3 treatments: 2 commercial silage inoculants, 1 negative control. After wk 1, 2, and 3 of ensiling, dry matter and bacterial enumeration were performed. Addition of silage inoculant led to greater levels of enterococci in grass silage compared with negative control levels, but showed less difference in inoculated corn silage. The second study quantified enterococci shedding rates in lactating dairy cows. Using a 4 x 4 Latin Square design, lactating, ruminally fistulated Holsteins were inoculated with enterococcal isolates from silage inoculants, ensiled forages, or clinical mastitis cases. Over the 4-period study, each period consisted of rumen and fecal sampling (2 wk) followed by a wash period (10 d). There were no significant differences in rumen or fecal enterococci levels between the 4 treatments. Both rumen and fecal enterococci levels showed significant differences between baseline and treatment periods (period 3, 4). The third study analyzed similarity in enterococcal isolates of silage and bovine origin using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns from SmaI restrictions. Dendogram analysis showed none of the isolates met or were greater than a 75% genetic similarity and produced a genetically diverse population. Results suggest Enterococcus spp. from silage inoculants are not likely to contribute to an increased risk of enterococcal bovine mastitis. / Master of Science

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of presynchronization and recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on conception rates following a timed insemination (TAI) protocol in lactating dairy cows. A further objective included the evaluation of the efficacy of the Early Conception Factor (ECF) test kit. Recombinant bST may offer some benefit when used in conjunction with estrus synchronization and TAI. Presynchronization treatment consisted of two injections of PGF2α given 14 d apart, with the second dose administered 14 d prior to the initiation of a TAI protocol. A total of 216 lactating Holstein cows were presynchronized with PGF2α and then received GnRH (100μg) at 67 ± 7 d post partum (PP), administration of PGF2α (25 mg) 7 d later, another GnRH (100μg) administration 2 d after PGF2α, and were inseminated 8-18h later (OvSynch). First service conception rate (CR) was determined by rectal palpation at 42 ± 7 d after artificial insemination (AI). Treated cows (n=113) received rbST 67 ± 7 d PP whereas control cows (n = 113) were presynchronized without rbST. The cycling status of all cows was determined by paired milk P4 levels at 53 and 67 ± 7 d PP. No differences (P > 0.10) in conception rate were observed between control and rbST treated cows (44.7 and 40.7% respectively), nor was there any interaction of cyclicity and rbST. Milk samples were collected 7 d following AI for use in ECF test kit evaluation. Samples were stored at -20ºC (n=216) and at 5ºC (n=113) until assayed. Test results for frozen and refrigerated samples were compared to conception rates determined by rectal palpation at 42 ± 7 d after AI. The rate of false positive and negative results for frozen milk samples were 36.1 and 14.8% respectively, and 40.7 and 7.1% for refrigerated milk samples. Treatment with rbST at the time of the first GnRH injection of an OvSynch protocol did not significantly alter first service conception rates. Additionally, an acceptable 92.9% accuracy of the ECF test for the detection of open cows 7 d after AI using milk samples stored at 5ºC was obtained. / Master of Science

The effects of weaning stressors on several immune and health responses were measured in three experiments. Sixty-four beef calves from 2 sources were bled on d - 7 (pre-weaning), 0 (weaning), 7, 14, and 21 (post-weaning). Serum selenium (Se), neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity for erythrocytes and leukocytes were measured for each calf at each date. Erythrocyte GSH-Px activity remained constant over time, while leukocyte GSH-Px and serum Se increased on d 7 (P<0.0001). Effects of single mineral vs. multi-mineral supplementation were measured for several immune and health responses in 2 trials. Trial 1: 36 heifers weaned on-site at SVAREC were randomly assigned 1 of 2 dietary supplements: 1) no supplement; 2) 15% CP at 0.5% BW; and 1 of 3 injection treatments: 1) no treatment (control); 2) Mu-Se injection; 3) Multi-Min injection. Whole blood Se and serum Cu increased post-weaning and serum Zn decreased post-weaning. Mu-Se-supplemented heifers gained weight faster between d 14-28 vs. Multi-Min-supplemented (P=0.01) or control heifers (P=0.02). Trial 2: 48 steers purchased at auction and transported to SVAREC were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 pasture management systems: 1) control (no treatment); 2) litter fed; 3) litter applied; 4) inorganic fertilizer; and 1 of 3 injection treatments (same as Trial 1). Whole blood Se and serum Cu increased post-stress and serum Zn decreased post-stress. Oxidative burst activity decreased in Mu-Se and Multi-min supplemented steers between d 0-4 vs. control steers (P<0.01). Multi-min-supplemented steers had higher phagocytic activity vs. steers in either Mu-Se or control groups (P=0.04). / Master of Science

High levels of dietary protein may be detrimental to reproductive performance in cattle. The objective of Exp. 1 was to determine the effects of differences in dietary protein on the production and quality of bovine embryos collected from superovulated donors. Angus cows were randomly assigned to receive one of three experimental diets: a daily ration of 5.7 kg poultry litter, 2.0 kg hay, 3.1 kg corn, and 0.5 kg peanut hulls (LITTER; n = 15); a daily ration of 6.2 kg peanut hulls, 2.2 kg soybean meal, 2.0 kg hay, 0.5 kg corn, and 0.4 kg dicalcium phosphate (SBM; n = 15); or a daily ration of 6.2 kg peanut hulls, 2.0 kg hay, and 3.1 kg corn (CON; n = 19). Diets differed in the amount of total, soluble and degradable protein, but were comparable in energy. After 30 d on the diets, all cows were treated to induce superovulation (28.8 mg FSH/cow, Folltropin) and synchronize estrus. After the detection of estrus each cow was inseminated with semen from one of four Holstein bulls. Embryos were collected 7 d after estrus and evaluated for quality (according to the International Embryo Transfer Society (IETS) standards) and stage of development. Prior to treatment to induce superovulation, blood samples were collected 6 h after feeding. Samples were analyzed to assess dietary effects on plasma urea nitrogen (PUN). Mean levels of PUN were higher (P < 0.01) in cows fed the LITTER or SBM diet (16.3 mg/dL, LITTER; 21.8 mg/dL, SBM; 9.7 mg/dL, CON) than in cows fed the CON diet. Additionally, concentration of PUN was higher in cows fed SBM than in those fed LITTER (P < 0.01). An average of 9.2 transferable embryos (Grade 1, 2 and 3) was collected from each cow and there were no significant differences in the number of transferable embryos collected among groups (9.2, LITTER; 9.3, SBM; 9.1, CON). The number of degenerate embryos or unfertilized ova did not differ among dietary groups. High-protein diets elevated PUN, but did not affect the number or quality of embryos collected from superovulated donors. Cryopreservation of bovine embryos is an important aspect of a successful embryo transfer program. The objective of Exp. 2 was to evaluate the post-thaw viability of bovine embryos collected in Exp. 1 in an in vitro culture system after the embryos had been held at room temperature or refrigerated for 2 to 12 h prior to freezing. Upon embryo recovery, each embryo was randomly assigned to be placed in holding media for 2, 6 or 12 h prior to freezing. During this interval, one-half of the embryos were maintained in a refrigerated environment (5 °C), while the remaining half of the embryos were held at room temperature (20.5 to 22 °C) until freezing. Immediately prior to freezing, embryos were removed from the holding media, transferred to a well containing ethylene glycol (10%) in ovum culture media and loaded individually into a 0.25-mL plastic straw. Straws were then placed in a freezer unit (-6 °C) and seeded to induce ice crystal formation through all columns of the straw. The temperature of the freezer was then decreased 0.6 °C/min to -32 °C, and straws were loaded into canes and plunged into a liquid nitrogen tank (-196 °C). After storage, each straw was exposed to a 5-s air thaw and placed in a water bath at 35 °C for 20 s. Each embryo was then washed to remove excess ethylene glycol prior to in vitro culture. Embryos were individually cultured in Ham's F-10 media supplemented with 4% fetal bovine serum for 72 h. Embryos were evaluated at 24 h intervals throughout the culture period and assigned a stage of development and quality grade score (according to IETS standards). The percentage of embryos that developed to the expanded blastocyst stage and hatched from the zona pellucida was greater for embryos held 2 or 6 h prior to freezing (P < 0.05) than for embryos held for 12 h after collection before being frozen (62.9, 52.0 and 31.1%, respectively). The percentage of embryos that degenerated during in vitro culture was lower for embryos held 2 or 6 h prior to freezing (20.4 and 26.6%; P < 0.05) than for embryos held for 12 h before freezing (50.8%). Furthermore, embryo quality grade was more desirable for embryos held for 2 or 6 h (1.5 and 1.7; P < 0.05) than for those held for 12 h before freezing (2.1). The semen used to inseminate donors and the diet fed to donors for 4 wk prior to embryo collection did not influence the proportion of embryos that hatched or degenerated during the 72 h of in vitro culture. Additionally, holding embryos in a refrigerated environment from the time of collection until freezing did not enhance embryonic development during post-thaw culture. Thus, embryonic viability may be impaired when embryos are held longer than 6 h following embryo recovery before being frozen; however, the storage temperature during the interval from collection to freezing does not influence embryonic development post-thaw. / Master of Science

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the leading cause of morbidity in feeder and stocker cattle, resulting in large impacts on economics of stocker and feedlot operations. One of the most effective means of controlling BRD is the mass administration of antimicrobials (AM) at arrival or “metaphylaxis”, potentially leading to increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Mannheimia haemolytica (MH), the most commonly isolated bacterial pathogen in BRD cases in feedlot cattle, has been shown to have integrative-conjugative elements (ICE), which are mobile genetic elements that have the ability to integrate themselves in the host genome. Notably, these ICE have been shown to contain multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) conferring resistance to antimicrobial classes used for BRD treatment. ICE have also been shown to be transferred between different genera. Since these ICE contain genes for resistance to multiple AM classes, administration of one AM could increase pressure for bacteria to transfer ICE for resistance to multiple drug classes; therefore, mass administration of AM may lead to increased isolation of multidrug resistant (MDR) MH and increase presence of resistance genes in the metagenome. Many NGS studies to date have used low numbers of cattle or pooled samples due to cost. Pooling is an acceptable strategy to increase number of units sampled, however sequencing depth per individual sample is decreased, and there is little evidence comparing pools to individual samples. In a trial involving high risk stocker cattle, tulathromycin metaphylaxis was associated with increased isolation of MDR MH, and this was associated with ICE related genes. Using pooled DNA extracted from NPS in these animals, which were shown to be acceptable for group level comparisons, metaphylaxis also increased ARG richness and diversity in these heifers; however, BRD treatment and time had a greater effect on the mircrobiome and resistome. Further work is needed to improve MH strain classification. These finding highlight the complexity of AMR research, because though tulathromycin had a clear effect on odds of isolation of MDR MH, metaphylaxis’ effects on the resistome and microbiome were more complex, and time and BRD contributed to greater change.

A single plaque-pure lambda clone designated λBA84 that hybridized to a ˆ32P-labeled bovine arginine tRNA was isolated from a bovine genomic library harbored in a lambda bacteriophage vector. A 2.3-kilobase segment of this clone was found to contain an arginine transfer RNAccg gene by Southern blot hybridization analysis and dideoxyribonucleotide DNA sequencing. This gene contains the characteristic RNA polymerase III split promoter sequence found in all eukaryotic tRNAs and a potential RNA polymerase III termination site, consisting of four consecutive thymine residues, in the 3'-flanking region. Several possible cis-acting promoter elements were found within the 5'-flanking region of the sequenced gene. The function of these elements, if any, is unknown.

Picobirnavirus (PBV) pertencem à família Picobirnaviridae, divididos em duas espécies Human Picobirnavirus e Rabbit Picobirnavirus. São pequenos vírus constituídos de genoma bissegmentado de cadeia dupla de RNA (dsRNA), não envelopados, com capsídeo de simetria icosaédrica, sendo divididos em dois genogrupos, GI e GII. Já foram detectados em fezes humanas e de uma ampla gama de espécies animais, com ou sem sinais diarreicos, sendo considerados agentes emergentes e oportunistas, e seu potencial zoonótico foi sugerido. Entretanto, os estudos epidemiológicos e moleculares de PBV em bovinos são raros na literatura nacional e internacional. Devido à carência de dados a respeito de PBV em bovinos, o presente estudo foi realizado objetivando-se a detecção e caracterização moleculares de cepas de PVB bovinos dos genogrupos GI e GII em amostras fecais de bovinos com ou sem sintomatologia diarreica de diferentes idades e regiões do Brasil. O estudo foi conduzido a partir de 77 animais, obtendo-se 18 (23,3%) amostras positivas para GI, compreendendo animais provenientes dos estados de São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Goiás. Não foram detectadas amostras positivas para GII. A identidade nucleotídica das amostras obtidas apresentou média de 67,4% quando comparadas uma com as outras e de até 83,77% quando comparadas com amostras de PBV de referência. Na reconstrução filogenética, três amostras agruparam-se em clado de PVB humano e somente uma agrupou-se em clado de PVB bovino. Em síntese, os resultados obtidos indicam, de maneira inédita, a circulação de PVB bovino pertencente ao genogrupo GI em diferentes estados brasileiros, com perfis filogenéticos heterogêneos. / Picobirnavirus (PBV) belong to the Picobirnaviridae family, divides into two species Human Picobirnavirus and Rabbit Picobirnavirus. They are small, non-enveloped, bisegmented double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus with an icosahedral capsid, being divided into two genogroups, GI and GII. They have been detected in feces of humans and many animal species, with or without diarrheal signs and are considered emerging and opportunistic agents, and its zoonotic potential has been suggested. However, epidemiological and molecular studies of bovine PBV are rare in the national and international literature. Due to lack of data on PBV in cattle, this study was conducted aiming to detect and molecularly characterize bovine PBV strains of GI and GII genogroups in feces from animals with or without diarrheal signs of different ages and regions of Brazil. Seventy-seven animals were sampled, resulting in 18 (23.3%) positive samples for GI, including animals from the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Goiás. There were no positive samples for GII. The nucleotide identity of the samples obtained showed a mean of 67.4% compared to each other and up to 83.77% compared to PBV reference samples. In phylogenetic reconstruction, three samples were grouped in the human PBV clade and only one sample was clustered in the bovine PVB clade. In summary, the results indicate in an unprecedented way the circulation of the bovine PBV belong to GI genogroup in different Brazilian states, with heterogeneous phylogenetic profiles.

Resumo: O Vírus da Diarréia Viral Bovina (BVDV) é um dos patógenos mais importantes na pecuária bovina em todo mundo, principalmente por desencadear manifestações clínicas relacionadas à esfera reprodutiva. A infecção em fêmeas gestantes pode resultar em abortamentos, reabsorções embrionárias, mumificações fetais, má formações e nascimento de bezerros fracos além do aparecimento de animais persistentemente infectados e imunotolerantes ao vírus, que são a principal fonte de infecção e disseminação da doença nos rebanhos. Atualmente, a complexidade do diagnóstico e consequentemente a patogenia, estão relacionados às diferenças genotípicas do agente. Por isso, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a ocorrência dos genótipos BVDV-1 (Singer) e BVDV-2 (VS-253) em vacas, e respectivos fetos, abatidas em um frigorífico no Estado de São Paulo por meio da análise do soro sanguineo por meio da técnica de virusneutralização. No contexto geral, 52,51% (115/219) das vacas testadas foram reagentes, mas nenhum feto (0/219) reagiu na virusneutralização. Pela análise cruzada conforme a estirpe viral, observou-se que 42% (92/219) das vacas foram reagentes tanto para o genótipo BVDV-1 como para o genótipo do BVDV-2. Por outro lado 4,10% (9/219) reagiram apenas para o genótipo BVDV-1 e 6,39% (14/219) reagiram apenas para o genótipo do BVDV 2. Notou-se portanto que ambas as estirpes estão disseminadas nas regiões estudadas, fato que justifica o emprego de antígenos diferentes para evitar diagnóstico falso-negativo. Por fim, não foi observado qualquer alteração nos fetos que pudessem ser caracterizada como patologia da enfermidade. / Abstract: The Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the pathogens in bovine livestock worldwide most important mainly triggered by clinical manifestations related to the reproductive sphere. The infection in pregnant females may result in abortions, embryonic resorptions, fetal mummification, poor training, birth of weak calves in addition to persistently infected and virus immunotolerant animals, which are the main source of infection and spread of the disease. Currently, the complexity to diagnosis and consequently to the pathogenesis are related genotypic differences that he presents. Therefore, this research aimed to verify the occurrence of BVDV- 1 (Singer) and BVDV-2 (VS-253) genotypes in cows and their respective fetuses slaughtered in a abattoir at the state of São Paulo by analyzing the blood serum using virusneutralization technique. In the general context, 52.51% (115/219) of cows were reagents, but no fetus (0/219) reacted in virusneutralization. After a cross-examination we observed that 42% (92/219) of cows reacted for both BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 genotype. Furthermore 4,10% (9/219) reacted only to the genotype BVDV-1 and 6,39% (14/219) responded only to the genotype 2 of BVDV. It was noted therefore that both strains are widespread in the regions studied, which also justifies the use of different antigens to avoid false-negative diagnosis. Finally, there was no change in fetuses that could be characterized as a pathology of the disease. / Orientador: Samir Issa Samara / Coorientador: Fabio Carvalho Dias / Banca: José Gabriel Amoril / Banca: Sandra Possebon Gatti / Mestre

Realizou-se um estudo para caracterizar a situação epidemiológica da brucelose e tuberculose bovinas na região de Campinas, Piracicaba, Bragança Paulista, Limeira, Mogi Mirim e São João da Boa Vista. Foram aleatoriamente amostradas 251 propriedades com criação de bovinos, sendo que nestas, eram sorteadas 40 ou 20 fêmeas acima de 24 meses para diagnóstico de tuberculose e 15 ou 10 fêmeas acima de 24 meses para diagnóstico sorológico de brucelose, dependendo do total de fêmeas existentes. O rebanho foi considerado positivo para brucelose quando havia pelo menos um animal com diagnóstico positivo. Para tuberculose, em propriedades com mais de 99 fêmeas acima de 24 meses, era necessário pelo menos dois animais positivos para a propriedade ser classificada como positiva, enquanto que em propriedades com até 99 fêmeas acima de 24 meses, um animal positivo classificava a propriedade como positiva. Foi aplicado questionário epidemiológico e com base nesse documento, foram feitas as análises univariada e regressão logística para identificar os fatores de risco associados à condição de foco e calculado o valor de odds ratio para quantificar o risco. A prevalência aparente de focos de brucelose foi 11,2% (IC95% = 7,8;15,8) e de tuberculose foi 14,1% (IC95% = 10,2%; 19%). A prevalência aparente de animais positivos para brucelose foi 2,5% (IC95% = 1,5%; 4,1%) e para tuberculose foi 2,7% (IC95% = 1,6;4,5%). Como fatores de risco associados à brucelose ter mais de 57 bovinos no rebanho, apresentou valor de OR = 4,2 (IC95% = 1,9; 9,5). Para tuberculose, exploração leite apresentou valor de OR = 2,6 (IC95% = 1,3; 5,3), ajustado por aquisição de bovinos, OR = 2,4 (IC95% = 1,2; 5,0). Os esforços para redução da prevalência de brucelose não surtiram efeito mesmo após 10 anos de aplicação de medidas de controle preconizadas pelo PNCEBT, sugerindo-se a sua reformulação na área de estudo. / A study was conducted to characterize the epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis and tuberculosis in Campinas, Piracicaba, Bragança Paulista, Limeira, Mogi Mirim and São João da Boa Vista área, State of São Paulo. A total of 251 farms were randomly selected and in each of them 40 or 20 cows over 24 months were selected for tuberculosis diagnosis and 15 or 10 females over 24 months for brucellosis diagnosis depending on the existing total females. The herd was considered positive for brucellosis when there was at least one positive animal. For tuberculosis in herds above 99 females over 24 months at least two positive animals to classify the herd as positive. As long as in farms with up to 99 females over 24 months, a positive animal classified the property as positive. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied and based on this document, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify risk factors associated with the diseases, based on odds ratio calculation. The apparent prevalence of brucellosis positive herds was 11.2% (95% CI = 7.8, 15.8) and tuberculosis positive herds was 14.1% (95% CI = 10.2%, 19%). The apparent prevalence of positive animals for brucellosis was 2.5% (95% CI = 1.5%, 4.1%) and tuberculosis was 2.7% (95% CI = 1.6, 4.5%). Having more than 57 cattle in the herd, with an OR = 4.2 (95% CI = 1.9, 9.5) was associated with brucellosis. Milk farm type with an OR = 2.6 (95% CI = 1.3, 5.3), and cattle purchase, with an OR = 2.4 (95% CI = 1.2, 5.0) were associated with tubercullosis. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of brucellosis do not reached the expected effects even after 10 years of implementation of control measures recommended by the PNCEBT. Therefore, the reformulation of the Program is recommended in the study area.

A Pleuropneumonia Contagiosa Bovina (PPCB) é uma enfermidade respiratória grave, causada pelo Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides Small Colony (MmmSC), sendo de primeira ordem no quadro nosológico em Angola, com alta prevalência e grandes repercussões econômicas na pecuária angolana. Objetivando caracterizar os achados anatomopatológicos e a resposta inflamatória na ocorrência natural da PPCB, realizou-se a coleta de amostras de pulmão e linfonodos regionais em 50 bovinos com lesões macroscópicas compatíveis com a doença e abatidos na cidade de Huambo, Angola. As amostras teciduais foram fixadas em formol 10% e incluídas em parafina para avaliação histopatológica, pela técnica de hematoxilina-eosina, e detecção do agente infeccioso por PCR a partir do DNA total extraído do tecido pulmonar parafinado. A caracterização da resposta inflamatória foi avaliada por imunohistoquímica, utilizando-se o método de detecção por polímero para os marcadores de linfócitos T (CD3) e B (Pax5), assim como as interleucinas (IL)-1&#946; e 4. Após avaliação molecular, 7 amostras foram excluídas por não apresentarem DNA viável e 16/43 (37,2%) animais foram positivos para o MmmSC pelo PCR. Dos animais positivos, a lesão macroscópica mais frequente foi a aderência (7/16, 43,8%); enquanto a lesão microscópica mais frequente foi a hiperplasia linfoide (9/16, 56,2%). Houve associação significativa entre a positividade dos animais e a presença da alteração nas lesões de aderência (p=0,047), pulmão marmoreado (p=0,012), sequestro (p=0,001) e fibrose pulmonares (p&lt;0,05). O pulmão esquerdo e lobo diafragmático esquerdo foram frequentemente afetados na doença, porém sem diferença significativa. Os resultados imunohistoquímicos demonstraram marcação focal para linfócitos B e T, assim como imunoexpressão de IL-1&#946; e IL-4 em intensidade fraca a moderada na maioria dos casos analisados. Os resultados demostraram que a PPCB está presente em bovinos na região estudada, porém com lesões anatomopatológicas e resposta inflamatória inespecíficas. Estes resultados ressaltam a importância da avaliação integrada de dados epidemiológicos, anatomopatológicos, imunológicos e moleculares para estabelecer um diagnóstico preciso e definitivo da PPCB nestes animais. / Bovine Contagious Pleuropneumonia (PPCB) is a serious respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides Small Colony (MmmSC) , being of first order in the nosological framework in Angola, with high prevalence and great economic repercussions in Angolan livestock. Aiming to characterize the anatomopathological findings and the inflammatory response in the natural occurrence of PPCB, samples of lung and regional lymph nodes were collected in 50 cattle with macroscopic lesions compatible with the disease and slaughtered in the city of Huambo, Angola. Tissue samples were fixed in 10% formalin and embedded in paraffin for histopathological evaluation by the hematoxylin-eosin technique and detection of the infectious agent by PCR from the total DNA extracted from the paraffin-shaped lung tissue. The characterization of the inflammatory response was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, using the polymer detection method for T (CD3) and B (Pax5) lymphocytes, as well as interleukins (IL) -1&#946; and 4. After molecular evaluation, 7 samples were excluded because they did not present viable DNA and 16/43 (37.2%) animals were positive for MmmSC by PCR. Of the positive animals, the most frequent macroscopic lesion was adhesion (7/16, 43.8%); while the most frequent microscopic lesion was lymphoid hyperplasia (9/16, 56.2%). There was a significant association between the positivity of the animals and the presence of changes in adhesion lesions (p = 0.047), marbled lung (p = 0.012), pulmonary sequestra (p = 0.001) and fibrosis (p &lt;0.05). The left lung and left diaphragmatic lobe were frequently affected in the disease, but without significant difference. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated focal labeling for B and T lymphocytes as well as weak to moderate intensity of IL-1&#946; and IL-4 immunoexpression in most of the analyzed cases. The results showed that CPBP is present in cattle in the studied region, but with nonspecific anatomopathological lesions and inflammatory response. These results highlight the importance of the integrated evaluation of epidemiological, anatomopathological, immunological and molecular data to establish an accurate and definitive diagnosis of CBPP in these animals.