Thesis (M.S.)--Rutgers University, 2009. / "Graduate Program in Plant Biology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-48).

Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 2003. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 136-140).

Black Western Thought: Toward a Theory of the Black Citizen-Object troubles and challenges the philosophical category of the human, particularly the black human. Oppositionally reading Enlightenment texts like Edmund Burke’s A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origins of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful and Emanuel Kant’s Observations on the Feelings of the Beautiful and Sublime, I extend Emanuel Eze and Charles Mills critiques of Kant and the Enlightenment through relinquishing the quest for a black humanity. This project embraces the abjection of blackness and posits that in the rejection of quest for humanity the black citizen-object reveals heretofore unexplored ontology, epistemology, poetics, and philosophy. Through careful close-reading of poets Phillis Wheatley, Terrance Hayes, Natasha Trethewey, and Jericho Brown, this project explores the political and aesthetic possibility of extending the democracy of subjectivity and presiding intelligence to black aesthetic and intellectual productions. Moving away from the notion of blackness as fear-inducing, funky, reprobate, and disorderly, this project constantly seeks to play with the dark rather than play in the dark. This act of ‘playing with the dark’ manifests as an interrogation of Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man in relationship to quantum physics and visibility / invisibility of blackness. The project hopes to shake the very stable ground of the ontology of aesthetics and academic discourse. / text

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Analyzing the twelve-tone compositions of Shostakovich often requires the application of various analytical procedures. This study examines Shostakovich's Suite for Voice and Piano, Op. 143, focusing on the two twelve-tone songs in the Suite. While the songs exhibit some traditional treatment of twelve-tone rows, the study focuses on Shostakovich's unique manipulations and the integration of tonal elements and chromaticism. An innovative analytical tool developed by Dr. Stephen Brown (NAU) is utilized in the study, as it provides clarity and strengthens otherwise weak associations. Along with the application of Brown's dual interval space, the study includes twelve-tone analysis and traditional harmonic analysis to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the Suite.

Both white and brown adipose tissues exhibit extensive vascularity. Increased angiogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is crucial for brown fat activation and thermogenesis in animals during cold acclimation. BAT can be similarly activated by food intake to generate heat through cellular respiration, in a process known as diet induced thermogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic factor that regulates both pathological and physiological angiogenesis and can stimulate cell proliferation, migration, survival and vessel permeability. However, VEGF has also been shown to affect an increasing number of non-vascular cells such as skeletal muscle and kidney podocytes. The expression and function of VEGF in white and brown adipocytes are not fully understood. We have previously shown that the expression of VEGF is concomitantly regulated with skeletal muscle differentiation. Here we show that VEGF is expressed in BAT and all major white adipose depots in mice. VEGF expression was increased during white and brown adipocyte differentiation and was regulated in cultured brown adipocytes by the \(PPAR\gamma\) agonist troglitazone and by \(PGC1\alpha\) in BAT in vivo. Systemic VEGF neutralization led to brown adipocyte apoptosis in vivo, loss of mitochondrial cristae and increased mitophagy and was associated with increased inflammation and fibrosis. VEGFR2 was expressed in both brown preadipocytes and adipocytes. Blockade of VEGF signaling using anti-VEGFR2 antibody DC101 increased brown adipocyte apoptosis in vitro. VEGF also functioned as a mitogen and survival factor for brown preadipocytes. VEGF 164 and VEGF 188, isoforms that can bind heparan sulfate proteoglycans, comprise >98% of total VEGF in BAT, subcutaneous and perigonadal fat depots. Embryos that lacked VEGF 164 and 188 displayed abnormal BAT development with fewer brown adipocytes, lower levels of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 and Cox IV. These results indicate a direct role for VEGF signaling in brown adipocytes and preadipocytes and suggest the importance of heparan sulfate binding VEGF isoforms in BAT development. Elucidation of the role of VEGF signaling in adipocytes is vital to understanding adipose tissue expansion and activation and may reveal novel therapeutic targets for the activation of brown fat in humans.

6 pp. / We injected AGRA PHOS (Potassium Phosphite) 0-2.4-2, Propiconizole – 0.05%, Zn, Mn and Fe 0.105, 0.112, and 0.10% respectively, Zn, Mn and Fe 0.210, 0.220, and 0.200% respectively and Propiconizole – 0.05% + Zn, Mn and Fe 0.105, 0.112, and 0.10% respectively using a low pressure injection system for the control of Antrodia sinuosa in lemon trees. No treatment led to a significant reduction in fungal growth.

8 pp. / We injected AGRA PHOS (Potassium Phosphite) 0-2.4-2, Propaconizole – 0.05%, Propaconizole plus Azoxystrobin – 0.117 and 0.135% respectively, Zn, Mn and Fe 0.105, 0.112, and 0.10% respectively, and Azoxystrobin – 0.137% using a low pressure injection system for the control of Antrodia sinuosa in lemon trees. The Propaconizole + Azoxystrobin treatment, the Azoxystrobin treatment, and the Zn + Mn + Fe treatment led to significantly less fungal lesion growth when applied prior to the introduction of the fungus, as compared to their application after fungal introduction.

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