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Preventative strategies to ensure optimal managerial functioningDroomer, L. 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In today's fast and highly competitive business environment, every manager is placed
under increasing pressure. Managers are being confronted on a daily basis with
situations where their management skills are tested to the utmost and critical
decisions need to be made. These decisions are not always to everybody else's
approval. In order to conquer these trying situations, it is necessary for every
manager to equip himself by strategically planning how he is going to handle these
situations.
This study aims to present these critical managerial areas in a practical functioning
model. From this model, certain levels indicating the different aspects having an
influence on managerial performance, as well as their build-up, are discussed. In the
various levels of the model, the possible tools enabling the manager to prepare
himself, is presented through questionnaires, processes and models of self examination.
Hereby every manager can preventatively plan and prepare himself to
avoid personal stress and underperformance. The processes will support optimal
managerial performance. The awareness of the different areas, as well as the use
and application of the models, will enable every manager to identify areas of
weakness in his personal performance. The importance of every area, as well as
possible aspects to be kept in mind, is discussed in this study.
As one can1 truly separate work and personal life, the tools proposed in this study
will also greatly benefit personal development in every facet of life. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In die hedendaagse snelveranderende en hoogs kompeterende bestuursomgewing
word al hoe meer eise aan bestuurders gestel. Hulle word daagliks gekonfronteer
met verskeie toetse en situasies, waartydens die mondering van bestuurders tot die
uiterste getoets word en moeilike besluite geneem moet word. Hierdie besluite dra
dan ook nie altyd almal se goedkeuring nie. Ten einde hierdie eise baas te raak, is dit
nodig dat bestuurders hulleself moet toerus deur strategies hiervoor voor te berei.
Hierdie studie het dus die doelwit om hierdie toerustingsareas in 'n praktiese
funksionele model saam te stel. Vanuit hierdie model word die verskillende vlakke
van toerusting, sowel as die opeenvolging daarvan bespreek. In die verskillende
vlakke van die model word die moontlike toerusting wat elke bestuurder self kan volg
uitgewys in die vorm van vraelyste, prosesse en stappe van selfondersoek. Hieruit
kan elke bestuurder voorkomend strategiese beplanning en voorbereiding aanpak,
sodat moontlike persoonlike spanning en wanprestasie verhoed kan word. Die
prosesse sal bestuursprestasie tot die maksimum ondersteun. Die bewusmaking van
die verskillende areas, asook die gebruik en die toepassing van die modelle, sal elke
bestuurder in staat stel om leemtes in persoonlike prestasie te identifiseer. Die
belangrikheid van elke area sowel as moontlike aspekte wat in elke vlak in gedagte
gehou moet word, word Iydens die studie bespreek.
Aangesien dit bykans onmoontlik is om 'n mens se beroepslewe en persoonlike lewe
te skei, sal die hulpmiddels wat die dokument voorstel ook tot groot voordeel wees
van persoonlike ontwikkeling in elke faset van die lewe.
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Problems affecting the growth of microfinance institutions in TanzaniaMukama, Julius 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)-- Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Microfinance services in Tanzania have existed for some years, yet have remained weak and
slow to develop. Therefore, the objective of this study is to survey problems that impact on
the growth of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Tanzania. MFIs in Tanzania include
commercial banks, rural community banks, on-bank financial institutions, NGOs and Savings
and Credit Co-operative Societies (SACCOs).
The problems in the microfinance sector are prioritised and show that the lack of sufficient
capital to lend to clients is the problem that has the greatest impact on growth, followed by
education level of clients. A number of these problems show agreement as expressed by the
Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficients.
The recommendations directly touch the provision of capital support to MFIs as a most
priority criteria towards MFIs growth. Sufficient capital to lend to clients can decrease the
impact of other problems that shows correlation with it, such as service quality to customers,
attraction of low income earners, client focus, small and irregular cash flows from clients, as
well as education level of clients.
Finally, it is shown by a selected best practice matrix that solutions to problems impacting on
the growth of MFIs in Tanzania depend on a combination of several best practices that can
lead to sustainable solutions. Hence MFls may find a combination of relevant best practices
that fit efficiently. effectively and economically to their respective operating environments. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Mikrofinansieringsdienste in Tanzania bestaan al geruime jare, maar is ongelukkig swak
ontwikkeld en toon stadige groei. Die doelwit van hierdie studie is om probleme te
identifiseer wat impakteer op die groei van die Mikrofinansiering-instansies (MFI) in
Tanzania. MFIs in Tanzania sluit in kommersiele banke, landelike / gemeenskapsbanke, niebank
finansiele instansies, Nie-regeringsorganisasies (NGOs) en Spaar en Krediet
Samewerkende Gemeenskappe (SACCO's).
Die probleme in die mikrofinansiering-sektor is geprioritiseer en dui daarop dat die gebrek
aan beskikbaarheid van voldoende lenings-kapitaal die grootste impak op die sektor het,
gevolg deur die vlak van onderwys-opvoeding van kliente. Verskeie van die probleme gelys
vind ooreenkomste by mekaar, soos uitgelig deur die "Spearman Rank Correlation
Coefficients".
Aanbevelings gemaak, hou direk verhand met die voorsiening van kapitale ondersteuning aan
MFIs, as die belangrikste kriteria wat sal lei tot MFI groei. Voldoende leningskapitaal kan
die impak van ander probleme wat verband hou met die tekort aan kapitaal verminder, soos
onder andere die kwaliteit van klientediens, die lae-inkomste mark wat bedien word, kliente
fokus, klein / ongereelde inkomste-strome van kliente, asook die onderwys-opvoedingsvlakke
van kliente.
Ter afsluiting, dit is getoon deur die beste praktykbeginse/s matriks, dat die oplossing vir
probleme wat impakteer op die groei van die MFI sektor in Tanzania, afhanklik is van 'n
kombinasie van verskeie beste praktykbeginsels wat kan lei tot volhoubare oplossings.
Sodoende kan MFIs 'n kombinasie van beste praktykbeginsels vind wat effektief en
ekonomies sal werk vir hulle onderskeie omgewings.
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Strategic vision for the South African ready to drink marketSlabbert, Helgard 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The global RTD market was one of the fastest growing drinks categories in the world in 2002 and
many brewers and spirits companies have entered the new market. The RTD category gained
most of their volume from the young adult consumers and across the boundaries of wine. spirits
and beer. The strategic vision of the RID market determine whether this is a short intense fashion
or a permanent feature in the drinks market, given the historical precedence of the mid to late
1980's when the wine cooler boom and later the alcopops (alcoholic carbonates) phenomenon
passed as quickly as it came.
The purpose of the research report sets out to investigate the global RTD markets in order to
determine the strategic vision for the South African market. The study did a review of the top tcn
RID markets and then focussed on the strategies and performance of the Australian and United
Kingdom markets, due to the level of development and similarities in culture of these markets
with the South African market.
The analysis of the global RID markets showed the three successful RTD models are female,
androgynous and male RIDs and consumers perceived and use the three types of RTDs
differently.
Amongst the most important suggestions the author recommends that the biggest opportunity
for the South African R TD category is to gain market share from the beer market in the male
sector, which is by far the biggest seller of alcoholic beverages in South Africa. The current
successes in the South African market came from female and androgynous brands, but it is very
difficult to maintain brand loyalty within these segments due to the nature of the young adult
consumers and female drinkers. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die wereld gereed·om-te-drink (RTD) mark was een van die vinnigste groeiende drank
kategoriee in die wereld in 2002 en baie brouerye en spiritualieë maatskappye het tot die nuwe
mark toegetree. Die RTD kategorie het die meeste van sy volume verkry van die jong volwasse
verbruikers en van verskillende kategoriee soos wyn, spiritualieë en bier. Die strategiese visie van
die RTD mark bepaal of dit 'n gier of 'n permanente kenmerk in die drank mark is, soos
voorafgegaan van die middel tot laat 19805 toe die wyn verfrissers en later die "alcopops"
(alkoholiese karbonate) verskynsel so vinnig verdwyn het as wat dit gekom het.
Die doel van die navorsingsverslag is om die wereld RTD mark te ondersoek om 'n
strategiese visie vir die Suid-Afrikaanse mark te bepaal. Die navorsingstudie het die top tien RTD
markte ondersoek en toe gefokus op die strategiee en doeltreffendheid van die Australiese en
Verenigde Koninkrykte markte as gevolg van die vlak van ontwikkeling en ooreenkomste in
kulture van die markte met die Suid-Afrikaanse mark.
Die analise van die wereld RTD mark het getoon dat die drie suksesvolle vorme van RTDs is
vroue, tweeslagtige en mans RTDs en dat verbruikers verstaan en gebruik die drie tipes van
RTDs verskillend.
Van die belangrikste voorstelle wat die skrywer maak is dat die grootste geleendheid vir die Suid-Afrikaanse
RTDs is om mark aandeel van die bier kategorie in die mans sektor te verkry omdat
dit die grootste alkohol kategorie in Suid-Afrika is. Die huidige sukses in die Suid-Afrikaanse
mark het gekom van die vroue en tweeslagtige markte, maar dit is baie moeilik om die
verbruikers lojaal te hou vir die RTD produkte in die segmente as gevolg van die aard van die
jong volwasse verbruikers en vroue drinkers.
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The development of a supply chain management policy for Lukhanji MunicipalityWilcock, Christopher Norman 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Local authorities, being at the coalface of government service delivery, have a statutory duty
to deliver a wide range of services to their communities. Having limited resources
themselves, and due to the poverty in their communities, municipalities aim to maximise the
efficiency of their operations in order to be able to deliver appropriate quality services at the
lowest possible cost.
Municipalities are subject to a variety oflaws, regulations and policies which regulate the way
in which they go about their business. In the context of supply chain management, the
recently promulgated Municipal Finance Management Act and its associated Regulations and
Guidelines is the most important of these. Supply chain management, defined by the MFMA
to include procurement, disposal of assets and contract management, is an important issue in
Lukhanji Municipality due to the amounts of money allocated to capital projects as well as to
operations.
Municipalities, as organs of State, are also required to implement policies which are aligned
with other provincial and national polices and, in the context of supply chain management,
which do not prejudice national economic policy.
Municipalities, in addition to their service delivery role, have a mandate, conferred by the
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, to play a developmental role in their
communities. They are required, in their procurement of goods and services, to apply
preferential procurement processes in order to promote the use of:
enterprises owned and managed by previously disadvantaged individuals;
Small- Medium- and Micro-enterprises (SMMEs);
local resources; and
other marginalised individuals and groups.
Municipalities are thus required to comply with statutory requirements and to strive for the
achievement of social and economic objectives. The purpose of this study is to:
describe all the current legislation, regulations and policies affecting municipal supply
chain management;
examine the conflicts arising from the different perspectives of the various statutory and
policy requirements;
describe the factors which constrain the municipality in its efforts to maximise the
benefits arising from supply chain management activities;
develop objectives for the supply chain management policy m terms of statutory
compliance, social aspects and economic goals and which are not in conflict with each
other;
analyse the draft Supply Chain Management policy developed for Lukhanji Municipality
to determine its efficacy in supporting the objectives developed;
make recommendations regarding the final Supply Chain Management policy for
Lukhanji; and
propose further research arising out of the findings of this study.
The main findings of the study are:
some of the requirements of legislation and applicable policies are mutually exclusive
and some compromises have to be made;
the Supply Chain Management policy can be used as a tool to achieve socio-economic
objectives while still complying with the statutory requirements;
in particular, the Supply Chain Management policy can be used for the promotion of
SMMEs, black economic empowerment, local economic development and job creation;
a comprehensive set of socio-economic objectives and statutory requirements have been
developed for Lukhanji Municipality's Supply Chain Management policy;
the current high levels of provincial and national government spending on infrastructure
development represent an opportunity for local economic development;
the promotion of local SMMEs is an important element in increasing the multiplier
effect, on the local economy, of the economic injection of the extensive infrastructure
development currently in progress in the Lukhanji municipal area;
the potential benefits are reduced by the capacity constraints and scarcity of resources
within local government; and the draft policy prepared for Lukhanji will ensure compliance with the statutory
requirements for supply chain management but needs to be amended to increase its
efficacy in achieving Council's socio-economic objectives.
The study highlighted several deficiencies in current knowledge especially in industries other
than the construction industry. Research to test the hypothesis that the principles applicable to
the construction industry can be applied to other industries is proposed.
More research is also recommended to be done on establishing the link between spending on
infrastructure and local economic benefits and how to maximise the benefits especially to
increase local economic development, job creation and poverty. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Plaaslike owerhede staan op die voorpunt van die regenng se dienslewering aan die
gemeenskap. Gekonfronteer deur hul eie gebrek aan hulpbronne, en die armoede van hul
gemeenskappe word munisipaliteite genoodsaak om dienste van gepaste gehalte teen
minimum koste te lewer deur om hul doeltreffendheid te maximiseer.
Munisipaliteite is onderhewig aan 'n magdom wette, regulasies en beleide wat op hulle
aktiwiteite van toepassing is. In die geval van voorsieningskettingbestuur is die Munisipale
Finansiëlebestuurswet en gepaardgaande Regulasies en Riglyne die belangrikste wetstuk.
Voorsieningsketting aktiwiteite, soos deur die Munisipale Finansiëlebestuurswet gedefineer
om aankope, verkoop van bates en kontrakbestuur in te sluit, word as belangrik geag as gevolg
van die hoeveelhede geld wat betrokke is. Die bedrae sluit in die allokasies aan
kapitaalprojekte asook die lopende begroting.
Munisipaliteite, in hul hoedanighede as Staatsinstansies, word verplig om alleenlik beleide
wat provinsiale en nasionale beleid ondersteun toe te pas en, verder, om te verhoed dat hul
beleide met nasionale ekonomiesebeleid teenstrydig is.
Afgesien van hul diensleweringsrol word munisipaliteite, deur die Grondwet van die
Republiek van Suid Afrika, ook belas met die plig om hul gemeenskappe te ontwikkel. Deur
middel van hul aankope van goedere en dienste word munisipaliteite gelas om voorkeur aan
die volgende te gee:
Besighede wat deur voorheen benadeelde individieë besit en bestuur word;
Klein- Middelmatige- en Micro-sakeondernemings;
Plaaslike hulpbronne; en
ander benadeelde individieë en groepe.
Opsommend, moet munisipaliteite aan alle wetgewing voldoen terwyl hulle ook streef om
sosiale en ekonomiese doelwitte te bereik. Die doel van hierdie studie is om:
al die huidige wetgewing, regulasies en beleid wat van toepassing is te beskryf;
die konflikte voortspruitend uit die verskillende oogpunte van die wetgewing en
beleidstukke te ondersoek;
die faktore wat die munisipaliteit strem in sy strewe om sy doelwitte te bereik;
die formulering van die doelwitte van sy voorsieningskettingbestuursbeleid ten opsigte
van die wetlike vereistes asook die sosiale en ekonomiese doele wat nie teenstrydig met
mekaar mag wees nie;
die ontleding van Lukhanji se voorgestelde voorsieningskettingbestuursbeleid om sy
doeltreffendheid ten opsigte van die ondersteuning van sy doelwitte te bepaal;
die formuleering van voorstelle rakende die finale beleid; en
verdere navorsing aan te beveel.
Die belangrikste bevindinge is:
van die wetgewing en beleide wat van toepassing is het uiteenlopende vereistes wat sekere
kompromieë noodsaak;
die Raad se voorsieningskettingbestuursbeleid kan gebruik word om sy sosiale en
ekonomiese doelwitte te bereik sonder om enige wetgewing te oortree;
in besonder, kan die beleid die gebruik van Klein- Middelmatige- en Mikrosakeondernemings,
swart bemagtiging, plaaslike ekonomiese ontwikkeling en
werkskepping bevorder;
'n volledige stel doelwitte vir voorsienings ketting bestuur is geformuleer;
die plaaslike ekonomie kan voordeel trek uit die omvattende infrastruktuur ontwikkeling
wat huidiglik in Lukhanji deur provinsiale en sentrale regering befonds word;
die betrokkenheid van Klein- Middelmatige- en Micro-sakeondernemings kan die
positiewe effek, op die plaaslike ekonomie, van bogenoemde ekonomiese inspuiting
vermenigvuldig;
die omvang van die voordele word egter deur die gebreke aan menslike en finansiele
hulpbronne beperk; en
Lukhanji se voorgestelde beleid sal verseker dat die munisipaliteit aan die wetlike
vereistes voldoen maar sal moet aangepas word om sy sosiale en ekonomiese doelwitte te
bereik. Die studie het uitgewys dat sekere kennis van voorsieningskettingbestuur in gebreke bly, veral
in nywerhede anders as die konstruksie bedryf. Navorsing om die hipotese, dat die beginsels
van die konstruksie bedryf ook in ander nywerhede toegepas kan word, te toets word
voorgestel.
Verder navorsing om die verwantskap tussen besteding aan infrastruktuur en plaaslike
ekonomiese ontwikkeling beter te verstaan word ook aanbeveel. Die gebruik van
staatsbesteding om plaaslike ekonomiese ontwikkeling en werkskepping te bevorder om
armoede te bekamp is van kardinale belang.
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The different phases of the leveraged buyout of the Cognis group'Bolz, Steffen 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study project explains the theory of Leveraged-Buy-Outs and describes the
different financial tools than can be used. Special emphasis is laid in the capital
structure of a Leveraged-Buy-Out and its impact on the return for the investor.
The theory is then put in perspective by giving insight in the case study of the
Cognis Group, a speciality chemicals company, based in Germany. It was sold to
Private Equity companies in 2001 and since then underwent various refinancing
including the issuing of High Yield Bonds and the issuing of Payment-In-KindNotes. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die teorie rakende gehefboomde bestuuroornames en die gebruik van
verskillende finansiele instrumente by bestuursoornames word in hierdie
werkstuk beskryf. Klem word gelê op die impak wat 'n verandering in die
kapitaalstruktuur van die maatskappy op die belegger kan hê as gevolg van 'n
gehefboomde bestuursoorname.
Die teorie word toegelig deur te vervvys na die Cognis Groep maatskappye in
Duitsland as gevallestudie. Die maatskappy het 'n bestuursoorname ondergaan
in 2001 asook verskeie veranderinge in die kapitaalstruktuur daarna waar onder
andere gebruik gemaak was van lae gehalte effekte.
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The FDI potential of Botswana and Tanzania comparedDe Kock, Michiel Josias 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: FOI has become a very important tool for the socio-economic development in developing
countries. Three important factors need to exist before an investor will decide to invest in
a foreign country. These factors are the presence of an ownership specific advantage,
location advantages in the host country and superior commercial benefits for the investor.
In order to detennine the host countries potential to attract FDI was it therefore important
to analyse the second factor, which are the country specific advantages. The host country
detenninants of UNCfAD and the ideal investment criteria of WAIPA have been
combined in order to get a standardized framework for analysis and comparison.
The starting point was therefore to analyse the availability of resources within these
countries. In Botswana can we see that the diamond mining industry is the largest
econOITllC contributor and in Tanzania do we find that their agricultural sector is the
biggest economic contributor. In both instances do these countries have to import their
oil, seeing that they are not producing their own petroleum products. Tanzania is
exploring some opportunities with regard to oil reserves and also offers significant
incentives for companies in this instance. In the case of Tanzania are the islands of
Zanzibar a large tourist attraction and in Botswana does the Okavango delta offer a
variety of tourist attractions. The potential of attracting FDI within these tourist industries
is very large with regard to both countries.
The domestic market in Tanzania is also much larger compared to that of Botswana and
can offer the foreign investor with some great opportunities. Due to the small size of the
domestic market in Botswana are they focusing more on export manufacturing and can
we also see that their total exports are much larger than that of Tanzania. Exports under
AGOA as a percentage of total exports to the US are currently almost double in
Botswana compared to Tanzania. Through their membership to the SADe do both these
countries have access to the European markets under the EU Free Trade Agreement. The
European markets are also the largest markets for export in both cases.
Efficiencies with reference to the banking system and physical infrastructure are also
better in the case of Botswana. Botswana is rated as having one of the best banking
systems in Africa. In order for Tanzania to improve trade within its region will it be
important to upgrade their road and rail transport. The lack of skilled labour is a very big
problem within both countries. The skill shortage is further worsened by the inefficiency
of the education systems in order to address these problems. Electricity and'
telecommunication is also very expensive in both countries, but can be addressed if the
privatisation process within these sectors are speeded up. The biggest problem that both
these countries face though is the significant impact that the HIV/AIDS virus is having
and going to have on their current and future development.
The tax laws in both these countries are very favorable and we can see that Tanzania and
Botswana both have more attractive corporate tax rates than most of the other SADe
states. Both countries are aiming at attracting FDI through export manufacturing and this
is promoted through incentives such as duty· free imports of raw materials and special tax
conceSSIOns.
We can therefore see that both these countries have a lot of positive aspects, which will
attract the foreign investor. The risk factor in combination with the negative factors will
have to be weighed up against the positive factors, but in the end will it be the investor
that has to decide which country 's characteristics suites its specific requirements best. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Direkte Buitelandse Belegging het 'n belangrike broan geword vir die sosio-ekonomiese
ontwikkeling van ontwikkelende lande. Drie belangrike faktore is geidentifiseer wat
teenwoordig moet wees alvorens so 'n buitelandse investering sal plaasvind, naamlik 'n
eienaar spesifieke voordeel, tuisland liggingsvoordeel asook 'n besondere kommersieIe
voordeel. Die liggingsvoordeel verwys na die spesifieke eienskappe van die gasheerland.
Vir die doel van hierdie werkstuk wat is om te bepaal wat die potensiaal van die
gasheerland is om buitelandse investering te lok, was dit dus belangrik om 'n reeks
faktore te identifiseer wat gebruik kan word om as raamwerk van vergelyking te dien.
Die gasheerland vereistes soos uiteengesit deur UNCTAD en die eienskappe van WAIPA
is gekombineer om hierdie raamwerk te skep.
Eerstens word daar dus gekyk na die natuurlike hulpbronne in hierdie twee lande. Nie een
van die twee lande beskik oor olie hulpbronne nie en moet al hul olieverwante produktte
invoer. Toerisme is 'n groot bron van inkomste en in die geval van Botswana speel die
Okavango delta 'n groot roI. In Tanzania is die eilande van Zanzibar weer 'n groot
toeriste aantrekking wat nog baie potensiaal vir ontwikkeling bied. Landbou in Tanzanie
is die oorheersende ekonomiese aktiwiteit, waar die ontginning van diamante weer die
grootse bydraende faktor tot die ekonomie van Botswana is.
Tanzanie se plaaslike mark is ook baie groter as die van Botswana en het dus ook baie
potensiaal vir ontwikkeling. A.g.v. Botswana se klein plaaslike mark word daar ook meer
gefokus op uitvoer vervaardiging. Botswana vaar ook tans beter met die uitvoer van
produkte na Amerika onder die AGOA wetgewing en totale uitvoere onder AGOA as
persentasie van totale uitvoere na Amerika is bykans dubbel die van Tanzanie. Beide
lande is lede van die SADC en geniet dan ook die voordele van die vrye
handelsooreenkoms met die Europese Unie wat ook in beide gevalle die grootste
uitvoermarkte van hierdie lande is. Onder die effektiwiteitseienskappe kan ons sien dat
Tanzanie 'n drastiese verbetering aan hul pad en spoorvervoer netwerke moet aanbring
om handel in hul streek te verbeter. Die hoe koste van elektrisiteit en telekommunikasie
in beide lande is ook 'n bron tot kommer, maar kan beter aangespreek word indien die
privatiseringsproses in hierdie sektore versnel word. Een van die grootste faktore wat ook
dringende aandag in beide die lande sal moet geniet is die groot tekort aan 'n opgeleide
werkerskorps. In beide gevalle sal die onderwysstelsels drastiese veranderings moet
aanbring om hierdie probleem aan te spreek. Die rol wat HIV/VIGS speel m.b.t.
lewenskwaliteit in hierdie lande is ook 'n bron van kommer wat die huidige en
toekomstige ontwikkeling van hierdie lande gaan beinvloed.
Korporatiewe belasting in beide lande is beter as in meeste van die ander SADC state.
Die feit dat beide lande fokus op die uitvoervervaardigingsmark is daar baie goeie
aansporingsinisiatiewe om die belegger te lok, soos bv. geen doeane tariewe op die
invoer van rou produkte nie, in kombinasie met spesiale belasting toegewings.
Dit is dus duidelik uit hierdie werkstuk dat elke land verskeie positiewe asook negatiewe
aspekte het. Die uiteindelike keuse sal op die skouers van die belegger berus nadat aIle
voor en nadele teen mekaar opgeweeg is oor watter land die beste aan sy spesifieke
vereistes voldoen.
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The impact of economic integration on the economy of NamibiaSmith, Francois 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Theory states that if a country opens its markets to free trade that it facilitates the better utilization of resources
for all the parties participating in the agreement resulting to a relative lowering of production cost, the increase
in export earnings, larger markets to benefit from economies of scale and subsequent investment in production
facilities will increase employment and general welfare.
Namibia has three major free trade agreements or economic integration arrangements namely the Southem
Africa Customs Union (SACU), the Cotonou agreement defining its export regime to the European Union and
the South Africa European Union Trade Development and Co-operation Agreement defining its import regime
via the Southem African Customs Union and the African Growth and Opportunities Act defining its relationship
with the United States of America. These agreements are at varying levels of integration with the Southem
African Customs Union in place already in 1920.
Namibia uses taxes on international trade as a primary source of state income (28% to 32 %). As part of its
membership to the SACU's Common External Pool revenue distribution, Namibia is compensated for not being
able to charge import taxes on South African imports. South Africa has determined trade policy for SACU
since its exception and used tariffs more as a form of protection of its own industries, rather than a source of
state income. The lowering of tariffs on EU imports by means of the SA EU TDCA as well as WTO obligations
will see the reduction of state income of Namibia of an estimated amount of N$ 480 million [Schade 20051.
This will have dire consequence for the Namibian economy as the deficit of the state budget is already 4.7 %
as compared to a norm of 3%.
In this study the growth in export earnings as well as the investment response of the various free trade
agreements have been analysed. Contrary to theory, economic integration has not led to the desired growth
in export earnings as well as significant investment responses due to preferential access provided by these
agreements. Significant growth in exports is limited to specific sectors, notably fish to the European Union and
apparel to the USA. Investments were also limited to these sectors.
Free trade and preferential access did not lead to the diversification of the Namibian economy and has on the
contrary inflicted severe blows to the critical beef industry in the near past and over the long term has led to
trade diversion towards South Africa as well as the European Union.
Investments and increases in export earnings are too little to offset the reduction of state income by the
liberalization of tariffs and will result in Namibia becoming more marginalised if it does not counter the situation
by better trade policies that are to be formulated along with the other SACU members. These policies will take
time to be concluded as of yet none of the institutions of SACU has become operational. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die teorie van vryhandel bepaal as 'n land sy mark oopmaak vir vryhandel dat dit sal lei tot die verbeterde
benutting van hulpbronne vir al die partye tot 'n vryhandelsooreenskoms deur middel van die verlaging van
produksiekoste, die verhoging van uitvoerinkomste, die vergroting van markte wat kan voordeel trek uit skaal
van, ekonomieë asook die verhoging van gepaardgaande belegging wat werkskepping en die algemene
welsyn sal verhoog.
Namibie is deel van drie vryhandelsooreenkomste of ekonomiese integrasie samewerking naamlik die Suider
Afrikaanse Doane Unie (SADU), die Cotonou verdrag wat sy uitvoer na die Europese Unie bepaal, die Suid
Afrika Europese Unie Handel, Ontwikkeling en Samewerkingsooreenkoms (SA EU TOCA) wat sy invoere
vanaf Suid Afrika via die SADU bepaal en die African Growth and Opportunffies Act wat sy uitvoere na die
VSA bepaal. Hierdie ooreenkomste is op verskillende vlakke van ekonomiese integrasie met SADU wat
alreeds sedert 1920 bestaan.
Namibie gebruik belasting op intemasionale handel as 'n primere bron van staatsinkomste (28% tot 32 %).
Namibia word as lid van SADU gekompenseer deur middel van die Gemeenskaplike Eksteme Inkomste Poel
vir die gebrek om invoerbelasting op Suid Afrikaanse produkte te hef. Suid-Afrika het sedert die ontstaan
van SADU die handelsbeleid daarvan bepaal en het tariewe gebruik om sy eie industrieë te beskerm in plaas
van 'n bron van staatsinkomste. Die verlaging van tariewe deur middel van die SA EU TOCA asook
verpligtinge van die Wereldhandelsorganisasie sal tot gevolg hê die vermindering van Namibiese
staatsinkomste van N$ 480 miljoen, Dit sal geweldige negatiewe gevolge inhou vir Namibie wat alreeds met
'n tekort op die begroting van 4.7% sit in vergelyking met 'n aanvaarde norm van 3%.
In hierdie werkstuk is die groei in uitvoerverdienste asook die beleggingsreaksie van die verskillende
ooreenskomste ondersoek. Daar is gevind dat desnieteenstaande die teorie, ekonomiese integrasie nie gelei
het tot die verlangde groei in uitvoere of beleggings nie. Uitsondenike groei in uitvoere is beperk tot spesifieke
sektore naamlik vis na die Europese Unie en klerasie na die VSA. Beleggings is ook beperk tot hierdie
sektore.
Vryhandel en voorkeurtoegang het nie gelei tot die diversifikasie van Namibie se ekonomie nie en het dit op
die keper beskou gelei tot kritiese terugslae op die kritiese beesvleisindustrie in die nabye verlede en het dit
oor die langtermyn gelei tot die wegleiding van handel na Suid - Afrika en die Europese Unie.
Beleggings en toename in uitvoer is te min om die vermindering van staatsinkomste deur middel van die
liberalisering van handel teen te werk. Dit sal tot gevolg hê dat Namibia al meer gemarginaliseerd gaan raak
indien dit nie die situasie kan teenwerk deur middel van beter handelsbeleid wat bepaal moet word deur
onderhandeling met ander SADU lede nie. Hierdie beleidsrigtings sal lank neem voordat dit van krag sal kom
aangesien nie een van die SADU instellings al in volle bedryf is nie.
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The potential for FDI: Malaysia and South Africa : a comparative studyMichau, Jarrett 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT:
Please refer to fulltext for abstract / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:
Buitelandse Direkte Investering (BDI) kan 'n beduidende rol in die ontwikkelingsproses
van 'n land speel. Vir hierdie rede is gasheerlande begerig om investering te lok en wel
vir die voordele wat dit bring. Meeste ontwikkelende lande promoveer hulleself vir
hierdie doel. Voorbeelde hiervan is die liberalisering van wetgewing en regulasies om
dit vir BDI aantreklik te maak soos die verskaffing van waarborge oor die repatriasie
van winste en die skep van meganismes vir die beslegting van investeringsgeskille. Dit
lei egter nie outomaties tot verhoogde investering nie.
Oor die afgelope 10 jaar het die VN se Konferensie vir Handel en Ontwikkeling
(VNKHO) byvoorbeeld bevind dat Suid-Afrika se beleggingspotensiaal nie ten volle
benut word nie. Die doel van hierdie studie is om uit te vind wat die redes hiervoor is.
Oënskynlik beskik Suid-Afrika oor alle vereistes: 'n stabiele ekonomie en politieke
sisteem en 'n goeie beleggingsklimaat. Ten einde die probleem beter te verstaan, is 'n
vergelykende BDI studie met Maleisië onderneem wat veel meer suksesvol was. 'n
Vergelykende metodologie is ontwerp wat gebaseer is op kriteria van die VNKHO se
World Investment Reports en die World Association of Investment Promotion Agency
(WAIPA). Beleide, vergelykende mededingendheid, handelsooreenkomste en
belastingaansporings is ook by die vergelykings ingesluit. Dit is spesifiek gedoen omdat
die kwessie van belastingaansporings 'n kontroversiële saak is. Lok dit regtig
beleggings? Is daar dalk ander kostes hieraan verbonde?
Die vergelykende metodologie het nuttige insigte opgelewer, ook hoekom BDI nie altyd
plaasvind nie. Daar is vier faktore wat Suid-Afrika benadeel: arbeidshulpbronne,
beperkte plaaslike en streeksmarkte in Afrika, politieke en ekonomiese onsekerheid, en
yslike maatskaplike probleme met armoede en vigs. Daar mag egter ook ander faktore
wees waarom spesifieke transnasionale korporasies nie belê nie. Dit is bevind dat die
SA regering méér kan doen om aktiewe BDI te bevorder, selfs met gerigte aansporings.
Dit is van die grootste verskille met Maleisië.
Hierdie studie het ook bevind dat vergelykende metodologieë meer kan doen om van
groot maatskappye te verneem waarom beleggingsbesluit geneem, of nie geneem
word nie. Die volgende drie leemtes kan ook uitgewys word: wat is die spesifieke impak wat BDI op die Suid-Afrikaanse ekonomie het? Dis onseker. Wat beplan die regering
ten opsigte van BDI strategieë en aansporings? Geen nuwe beleide is die afgelope jare
geformuleer nie. Laastens, behoort soortgelyke tersaaklike inligting in aanbevelings
bevat te word wat Suid-Afrika se BDI prestasie verhoog.
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The socio-political impact of globalisation on South AfricaDlali, Patience Tobeka 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The primary aim of this study is to investigate the socia-political impact of globalisation on
South Africa. The objective of the study is to gain a better understanding of how
globalisation has impacted on govemance, policy-making, culture and civil society with
special reference to South Africa. The study also looks at the effects of globalisation in
terms of gains and losses accrued by South Africa and other African countries
Globalisation presents many challenges to developing nations, as the effects of this
phenomenon have been uneven. South Africa as a developing country became
reintegrated to the world economy after the first democratic elections in 1994. The
country re-entered the world stage at a time when the process of globalisation was
gaining momentum. The process has had an impact on policy making which resulted in a
shift from the original policy of RDP to the GEAR policy. Globalisation has had the effect of
increasing in and out of the country. On the economic front foreign direct investment has
increased and South Africa has entered into a number of multilateral trade agreements
with the different countries. On the political arena, governance hiis been affected with
emphasis on the democratic principles of governance. South Africa has been playing an
active role in making Africa a stable continent advocating democratic principles of
governance. Together with Nigeria, South Africa have been leaders of the African Union
and its marketing wing the New Partnership for Africa's Development. President Mbeki
has been the selling the vision of NEPAD to leaders of industrialised countries and South
Africa is one of the first countries that will be subjected to the peer review monitoring
system. South Africa has been active as well in peacekeeping missions in the continent
where South Africa's troops can be found in countries such as Rwanda, Democratic
Republic of Congo and Burundi.
As globalisation impacts on society, it is inevitable that culture will be affected . Whether
one views cultural changes as disadvantageous or advantageous depends on the
individual. Globalisation through technology has made cross-cultural exchanges across
borders possible with the result it is easy nowadays for people to move across within a
limited amount of time. What this means is that globalisation has compressed time and
space. Globalisation has met with resistance as evidenced by the anti-globalisation
sentiments expressed by different civil society groups whenever there are meetings of the
multilateral institutions. What needs to be done by the industrialised countries is to ensure
that benefits of globalisation are filtered through so that even people in developing
countries can enjoy them. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie is om die sosio-politieke impak van globalisering op Suid-Afrika
te ondersoek. Die doel van die studie is om 'n beter begrip te kry van invloed van
globalsering op regering, wetgewing, kultuur en burgerlike samelewing met spesifieke
verwysing na Suid-Afrika. Die studie ondersoek ook die effek van globalisering in terme
van die opgehoopte wins en verliese deur Suid-Afrika en ander Afrika-Iande.
Globalisering bied baie uitdagings aan ontwikkelende lande na gelang die effek van hierdie
fenomeen ongelyk is. Suid-Afika, as 'n ontwikkelende land, is weer heringeskakel in die
wereldtoneel op 'n tydstip wat die proses van globalisering in momentum toegeneem het.
Die proses het 'n impak gehad op beleidmaking wat 'n verskuiwing tot gevolg gehad het van
die oorsporonklike RDP beleid na die GEAR beleid. Globalisering het in toenemende mate
'n effek in en buite die land gehad. Op die ekonomiese front het direkte buitelandse
belegging toegeneem en Suid-Afrika het tot verskeie multilaterale handelsoorenkomste met
verskillende lande toegetree. Op politieke gebied is regering beinvloed met nadruk op die
demokratiese beginsels van regering. Suid-Afrika speel steeds 'n aktiewe rol om Afrika 'n
stabliele kontinent te maak terwyl demokratiese beginsels van regering voorgestaan word.
Saam met Nigeria is Suid-Afrika leier van die Afrika Unie en sy bemarkingsvleuel, die Nuwe
Vennootskap vir Afrika Ontwikkeling. President Mbeki is steeds besig om die visie van
NEPAD aan leiers van ge'industraliseerde lande te verkoop en Suid-Afrika is een van die
eerste lande wat aan 'n moneteringsisteem onderwerp gaan word. Suit-Afrika is aktief in
vredessendings op die kontinent waar Suid-Afrikaanse Troepe geplaas is in lande soos
Rwanda, Demokratiese Republiek van die Kongo en Burundi.
Soos globalisering die gemeenskap be'invloed, is dit onvermydelik dat die kultuur
beinvloed sal word. Of mens kulturele veranderinge as onvoordelig of voordelig beskou,
sal afhang van die individu. Globalisering deur middel van tegnologie het kruis-kulturele
verwisseling oor grense heen moontlik gemaak. gevolglik is
verwisseling oor grense moontlik gemaak binne beperkte tydsduur. Dit alles beteken dat
globalisering tyd en ruimte saampers. Globalisering het ook teen weerstand te staan
gekom soos blyk uit die anti-globalisering sentimente by verskillende burgelike
gemeenskapsgroepe wanneer daar vergaderings van multilaterale instellings is. Wat
gedoen moet word deur ge'industrialiseerde lande is om te verseker dat voordele van
globalisering deurgefilter word sodat ook mense in ontwikkelende lande dit kan geniet.
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Transition to a process enterpriseGarbers, Michael Deon 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this research project is to describe the journey to a process
enterprise. This research project is a combination of work been done by Dr.
Michael Hammer about the process enterprise and the author. The bulk of the
theory of the research project is the following courses that were presented by Dr.
Hammer in Boston, USA:
• The Transition to the Process Enterprise: Strategies and
Techniques.
• Managing the Process Enterprise: Principles and Practices.
• Process Design and Implementation: Reengineering and Change
Management.
A model of the research project is designed by the author who includes a
theoretical summary of the two books written by Dr. Hammer about the process
enterprise:
• The Agenda.
• Beyond Reengineering.
A further model is designed which form part of the research project model, and is
a roadmap to implement the process enterprise concepts. This model is based
on the process lifecycle and covered all the material of the three courses
presented by Dr. Hammer. The process lifecycle is the journey to a process
enterprise which will result in improved sustainable enterprise or business
performances if implemented.
The sub parts of the process lifecycle model are the following: • Building commitment for the process enterprise.
• Mobilisation to perform processes.
• Process metries, prioritisation and targets.
• Plan the process work.
• Work the process plan.
• Persuade, sell and align.
• Change management.
The different chapters of the process lifecycle are tools and techniques that must
be implemented in a chronological order to become a process enterprise. The
implementation of these tools and techniques will transform a traditional
functional enterprise to a process enterprise.
The last part of the research project described the practical experience by Rosh
Pinah Zinc Corporation on their journey to a process enterprise. Rosh Pinah Zinc
Corporation is a zinc mine owned by the South African diversified mining house,
Kumba Resources. Rosh Pinah Zinc Corporation delivered spectacular results
since the implementation of the process enterprise concept. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die navorsings projek is om die transformasie na 'n proses gedrewe
organisasie te beskryf. Die navorsings projek is 'n kombinasie van werk wat
gedoen is deur Dr. Michael Hammer en die outeur. Die grootste gedeelte van die
teorie is afkomstig vanaf die volgende kursusse wat deur Dr. Hammer aangebied
is in Boston, USA:
• The Transition to the Process Enterprise: Strategies and
Techniques.
• Managing the Process Enterprise: Principles and Practices.
• Process Design and Implementation: Reengineering and Change
Management.
'n Model is ontwerp vir die navorsings projek wat 'n teoretiese opsomming insluit
van die twee boeke wat geskryf is deur Dr. Hammer oor die proses gedrewe
organisasie. Die twee boeke is die volgende:
• The Agenda.
• Beyond Reengineering.
'n Verdere model is ontwikkel deur die outeur wat deel vorm van die navorsings
projek model wat 'n padkaart is om die proses gedrewe organisasie konsepte te
implementeer. Die model is gebaseer op die proses iterasies en bevat al die
materiaal van die kursusse wat deur Dr. Hammer aangebied is. Die proses
iterasies is die transformasie na 'n proses gedrewe organisasie wat sal lei tot
verbeterde volhoubare besigheids prestasie, indien die konsepte
geimplementeer word.
Die sub gedeeltes van die proses iterasie model is die volgende: • Verkry toewyding vir die proses gedrewe organisasie.
• Mobiliseer om die prosesse te implementeer.
• Proses metings, prioritisering en doelwitte.
• Beplan die proses werk.
• Werk die proses plan.
• Oorreed, verkoop en belyn.
• Veranderings bestuur.
Die verskillende hoofstukke van die proses iterasie is gereedskap en tegnieke
wat in 'n kronologiese volgorde geimplementeer moet word om te transformeer
na 'n proses gedrewe organisasie. Die suksesvolle implementering van die
gereedskap en tegnieke sal 'n tradisionele funsionele organisasie transformeer
na proses gedrewe organisasie.
Die laaste gedeelte van die navorsings projek beskryf die praktiese ervaring van
Rosh Pinah Zinc Corporation met hul implementering van die proses gedrewe
organisasie konsepte. Rosh Pinah Zinc Corporation is 'n sinkmyn wat deur die
gediversifiseerde mynhuis, Kumba Resources, besit word. Rosh Pinah Zinc
Corporation het uitstekende resultate gelewer sedert die implementering van die
proses gedrewe organisasie konsepte.
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