The aim of this work is description of a device developed at Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Geodesy for the purpose of absolute calibration of geodetic GNSS antennas. Thanks to calibration it is possible to remove systematic error of antenna's phase centre. The device consists of moveable arm and processing unit. The moveable arm is able to set up calibrated antenna to required azimuth and elevation angle. This work introduces the issue of absolute calibration, describes the moveable arm and the process of its assembling. Further, it defines geometrical parameters of moveable arm, describes their determination and their independent verification by geodetic method. Finally, the model of movement of antenna's reference point is described.

Assessment of finger range of motion (ROM) is often required for monitoring the effectiveness of rehabilitative treatments and for evaluating patients' functional impairment. There are several devices which are used to measure this motion, such as wire tracing, tracing onto paper and mechanical and electronic goniometry. These devices are quite cheap, excluding electronic goniometry; however the drawbacks of these devices are their lack of accuracy and the time- consuming nature of the measurement process. The work described in this thesis considers the design, implementation and validation of a new medical measurement system utilized in the evaluation of the range of motion of the human finger joints instead of the current measurement tools. The proposed system is a non-contact measurement device based on computer vision technology and has many advantages over the existing measurement devices. In terms of accuracy, better results are achieved by this system, it can be operated by semi-skilled person, and is time saving for the evaluator. The computer vision system in this study consists of CCD cameras to capture the images, a frame-grabber to change the analogue signal from the cameras to digital signals which can be manipulated by a computer, Ultra Violet light (UV) to illuminate the measurement space, software to process the images and perform the required computation, a darkened enclosure to accommodate the cameras and UV light and to shield the working area from any undesirable ambient light. Two calibration techniques were used to calibrate the cameras, Direct Linear Transformation and Tsai. A calibration piece that suits this application was designed and manufactured. A steel hand model was used to measure the fingers joint angles. The average error from measuring the finger angles using this system was around 1 degree compared with 5 degrees for the existing used techniques.

Brigo與Mercurio提出了三種新的資產價格過程，分別是位移CEV過程、位移對數常態過程與混合對數常態過程。在這三種過程中，資產價格的波動度不再是一個固定的常數，而是時間與資產價格的明確函數。而由這三種過程所推導出來的歐式選擇權評價公式，將會導致隱含波動度曲線呈現傾斜曲線或是微笑曲線，且提供了參數讓我們能夠配適市場的波動度結構。本文利用台指買權來實證Brigo與Mercurio所提出的三種歐式選擇權評價公式，我們發現校準結果以混合對數常態過程優於位移CEV過程，而位移CEV過程則稍優於位移對數常態過程。因此，在實務校準時，我們建議以混合對數常態過程為台指買權的評價模型，以達到較佳的校準結果。 / Brigo and Mercurio proposed three types of asset-price dynamics which are shifted-CEV process, shifted-lognormal process and mixture-of-lognormals process respectively. In these three processes, the volatility of the asset price is no more a constant but a deterministic function of time and asset price. The European option pricing formulas derived from these three processes lead respectively to skew and smile in the term structure of implied volatilities. Also, the pricing formula provides several parameters for fitting the market volatility term structure. The thesis applies Taiwan’s call option to verifying these three pricing formulas proposed by Brigo and Mercurio. We find that the calibration result of mixture-of-lognormals process is better than the result of shifted-CEV process and the calibration result of shifted-CEV process is a little better than the result of shifted-lognormal process. Therefore, we recommend applying the pricing formula derived from mixture-of-lognormals process to getting a better calibration.