It was the purpose of this study to: (1) survey the organization and administration of the program currently used in the Modesto City Schools in interpreting the first grade reading program to parents, (2) identify the characteristics of an effective program for interpreting first grade reading to parents as revealed by the literature, (3) determine the schools’ effectiveness in informing parents of first grade pupils in the area of reading, and (4) offer recommendations for the effective improvement of the Modesto program.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was-to determine the distribution of mediation styles among California school superintendents. It also investigated the relationship between superintendents' mediation styles and the :following variables: tenure, mobility, professional preparation, job satisfaction, school board relationships, self-perceived leadership style, and district size. Procedures: Two hundred fourteen superintendents were surveyed. Each participant self-administered the Gregorc Style Delineator and completed a questionnaire regarding tenure, mobility, and professional preparation. A subsample of 32 superintendents was -Interviewed by telephone regarding the remaining variables. Data collected were statistically analyzed through use of chi-square goodness-of-fit, chi-square test of association, and analysis of variance. Findings: Analysis of the data indicates that the Concrete Random mediation style reported by 43% of the respondents is the most prevalent among California superintendents. The Concrete Sequential mediation style was reported by 36% of the participants, while Abstract Sequential was reported by eight percent, and Abstract Random was reported by seven percent of the sample. There were significant differences between the four mediation-style groups when the variables of tenure, leadership style, school board relationships, and job satisfaction were examined. There were no significant differences-between groups for the remaining variables. Conclusions or Recommendations: The .large percentage (79) of superintendents reporting concrete rather than -abstract perceptual abilities suggests that superintendents perceive information through the physical senses rather than ·intuitively. Fifty percent of the superintendents also reported random rather than sequential- ordering ability, suggesting that they arrange and organize information in-a nonlinear holistic manner rather than sequentially and discretely. The Concrete Random style was the most reported mediation style, suggesting that superintendents perceive events from the physical world, but systematize and dispose of them intuitively and instinctively. The small percentage of reported Abstract Sequential and Abstract Random mediation styles suggests that the qualities of emotion, holistic experiences, and inductive reasoning occur less frequently or are less valued by superintendents . . Additional research is needed to determine-(1) how the-mediation styles of superintendents compare with other populations and (2) whether mediation styles change over time.

The present paper deals with the digenetic trematodes collected by the author from fishes of Tomales Bay (including Dillon Beach) during the summers of 1967 and 1968. Also included in this study are several trematodes collected by the late Alden E. Noble (hereinafter referred to as the “Noble Collection”) at Hopkins Marine Station, Monterey Bay in 1936 and 1937. Unfortunately the majority of the slides in the “Noble Collection” have been lost with the exception of specimens of the Family Meniuridae and a few representatives of other digenea that were in the personal collection of Dr. F.M. Nahhas. A few vials containing unprocessed material were also still available but their contents were in poor condition as evidenced by the stained material prepared from them. The records for the “Noble Collection” were intact and various notations were included in the descriptions of these species. These records show an original collection consisting of 170 individuals representing 69 species of fishes. Twenty species represented by 27 fishes were negative for digenetic trematodes, and of the remaining 49, slides of trematodes were found that were obtained from but 25 species. The Tomales Bay material consisted of 495 individual fishes representing 33 species. Of these, 11 species represented by 35 individuals were negative for digenea. Four species of fish that barbored trematodes were common to both localities.

In the days before there was a Monterey, there were whales in Monterey Bay. We know this because Vizcaino, who dropped anchor in the bay in 1602, kept a diary. And from this diary, Vizcaino's historian, one Venegas who wrote: A History of California in 1758, makes the statement that whales and sea lions swam about in the bay.1 Apparently, the whales kept on swimming in Monterey Bay for about one hundred and fifty years without being molested. Shortly after that, the whales and Monterey fishermen engaged in a long struggle which took place, with periodic cessation, over a span of, roughly, seventy-five years. It is believed that a logical point of termination in this survey has been reached because a certain unity has been attained. It must now be clear that the rise and decline in a certain type of fishing effort has a positive correlation with the rise and decline of certain national groups. The Portuguese were prominent as whalers; the temporary cessation of whaling about 1900 destroyed their dominance at Monterey; there are reports in 1899 and 1901 of Japanese whalers as well as Portuguese. The revival of whaling in 1918 wa not responsible for a Portuguese renaissance because it was not longer an art, but wholesale slaughter by the most destructive weapons. The Chinese lost their prominence in squid and abalone fishing through prohibitory legislation and a fire, which dispersed the Chinese as a fishing colony. The Chinese loss was the Japanese gain, for abalone diving became, after 1900, one of their most effective pursuits. Salmon trolling was another fishing field in which the Japanese proved their worth; after 1916, however, salmon began a slow but steady decline. Consequently, the Japanese turned to albacore trolling in Southern California waters.1 The introduction of the lampara net in 1905 and the phenomenal growth in sardine fishing and canning brought the Italian, or Sicilians, to the fore in this type of fishing effect. Many Orientals found work in the canneries as cutters and packers as did many Occidentals. But the crews and captains of the lampara launches were, by and large, of Italian extraction. Legislation and technical improvements have aided and restricted certain types of fishing. Legislative control during the war was in large part responsible for creating dissatisfaction among fishermen and giving them pretext for strikes. The reasons for the rise and/or decline of a certain type of fishing effort should be clearly understood. Whaling ceased about 100 because of a shortage of whales and inefficient means of securing those whales which remain. Salmon trolling declined in spite of legislation of a restrictive nature, because that legislation was eminently defective. After the legislation of commercial squid fishing in 1913 that fishery has steadily risen to a place of considerable importance. Since 1916, 97% of the California total squid poundage has been loaded at Monterey;3 the lampara note was a decisive factor in this remarkable tally, as it was particularly suited to this small form of marine life. As for sardines, their remarkable rise from bait fish to case goods and meal and oil reduced other types of fishing to a place of secondary importance. In tonnage and in profits, in construction and employment, the sardine fishing by 1920, was supreme in Monterey's fishing industry. There is a logical break in continuity after the year 1919; subsequent years brought a slump in the entire fishing industry and also a diversification in sardine fishing: i.e., reduction of edible fish into meal and oil. As this next period represents an entity in itself due to its technical and legal aspects, this survey is terminated with the year 1919.

Access to higher education for low income, disadvantaged, and minority students has been, on a large scale basis, a recent phenomenon. According to Besis three main thrusts have supported the concept of public education for the masses, the Land Grant Act of 1862, the community college movement, and the G.I. Bill. This mass movement has not been equally distributed among all segments of the society. It was noticed as early as 1944 that there were substantial inequities in the degree of support for schools attended primarily by minority and poverty level students.

Driven by California State legislation, the City of Bakersfield is taking steps to introduce Complete Streets to the community. Working in collaboration with the Bakersfield City Planning Department, this project was prompted by the CIty's forthcoming update of its Metropolitan Bakersfield General Plan Circulation Element, with purpose to meet the California Complete Streets Act (AB1358) requirement to plan for a balanced, multimodal transportation network. This professional project intends to provide Bakersfield city officials, staff, and residents with tools and information needed to assess and implement Complete Streets within the Community. The project provides in depth background research on the Complete Street concept, related legislation, design features, and benefits. It reviews three Complete Street projects from similar cities located in the Central Valley with purpose to deliver guiding principles Bakersfield can utilize for successful implementation. The project provides new conceptual street standards with recommended design feature tables based on existing street types. In conclusion, this project evaluated the newly adopted Bakersfield Complete Street Policy through a strategic approach with final recommendations to build a stronger Complete Street network.

This study. concluded in the school year 1961-62, was made to determine how well the health services that were available to the schools of the Stockton Unified School District met the needs of the children attending those schools. It was a further purpose of this study to obtain answers to the following questions: (1) What health services were available to the schools of the Stockton Unified School District? (2) How did the health services that were available to the schools compare with accepted standards, as approved by recognized authorities in the fields of public health and public school health? (3) How well were the available school health services understood by the teachers and administrators of the local school system? (4) What improvements or extensions or the present school health services were indicated by the findings of this study?

A new idea of education is upon us and if we are to achieve a civilization based upon justice and cooperation, realization of a greater personal freedom and the accomplishment of a fuller democracy, education must pave the way. Before this goal can be fully realized, fundamental changes and adjustments must be accomplished in our social and industrial life. A new education will be one of the most potent factors in the reshaping of our national character. This education must be one that will truly equip men and women with knowledge, inspiration, and power necessary to build new institutions, and mold progressive ideas. It must be free, bound by no worn out traditions, and limited by no fixed procedure; not a reparation for life, but life itself. The individual must be trained to make adjustments to his environment and exercise self-criticism along with the power to control and govern himself. In short, the new education must be a spiritual awakening, the discovery of truth and a training in the art of living and play. We are coming to have a new view of education. Much has been said of the spirit of democracy in education, which in reality is nothing more than individual efficiency and self-control. Sometimes, we are so concerned about the results of growth, that we neglect the process of growing. We are just beginning to appreciate the fact that childhood has its own ways of thinking, seeing, and feeling.

Purpose of the study. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions teachers in California's San Joaquin County have regarding collective bargaining. The problem. To determine to what extent teachers perceive that collective bargaining has had an affect upon wages, working conditions, communications, and morale. Furthermore, to determine to what extent teachers support statewide collective bargaining. In addition, to determine if teachers' perceptions of collective bargaining vary based on the number of years taught, gender, grade level taught, and current level of association involvement. Methodology. The research was descriptive in nature and employed a survey questionnaire which consisted of 34 items related to collective bargaining. The questionnaire was sent to a stratified random sample of 200 participants. 150 surveys were completed and returned. Frequency distributions and percentages of response were determined for all survey items. Chi-Square was used to determine if demographic factors affect responses. The level of significance was set at the.01 level. Findings. In analyzing the level of agreement and disagreement for each of the thiry-four items on the questionnaire the consensus of teachers agreed with eighteen (18) of the items. There was no consensus of opinion on five (5) items. Furthermore, teachers disagreed with five (5) of the items. Teachers were evenly divided between their agreement and disagreement on five (5) items. On one (1) item teachers were evenly split between disagreement and uncertainty. "Current Level of Association Involvement," was the only demographic factor which influenced a teacher's perception of collective bargaining. The demographic factors of "Gender," "Experience," and "Grade Level Taught" produced no significant variance in responses. Recommendations. (1) It is recommended that follow-up research be conducted to determine why teachers responded to certain items. Specifically, why do active association members believe that collective bargaining has improved instruction and working environment? (2) Additional research is recommended to compare the perceptions of teachers in different counties, states, and regions of the United States toward collective bargaining. (3) Additional research is recommended to compare the perceptions of teachers, administrators, and state level union officials toward collective bargaining. (4) Teacher associations should develop strategies to educate teachers, specifically, new teachers, about the benefits of association involvement and should seek ways to more actively involve their membership.

The main purpose for such a study as this is two-fold. First, much of the information which is vital to such a collection of historical facts is becoming misplaced or lost. Old-time residents pass away and first-hand knowledge is forever lost. Certain records are destroyed by people not realizing the value of the documents. The longer one waits to collect historical information the more difficult the job becomes. In certain instances it becomes impossible to locate. Thus, of primary interest is the capturing of historical knowledge before it becomes too difficult to find. Secondly, having one source to which one may turn regarding any single subject is of some value. As it is now, in order to locate information about the Lodi schools one might refer to as many as fifteen or twenty different sources. This is not only time-consuming but discouraging. Such an endless task is needless when some person takes time to uncover and collect the information and make it available for others. Also, not to be overlooked is the value of knowing the historical nature of the local educational system for the sake of history itself. It has been oftentimes said that the present cannot be fully appreciated without some knowledge of the past. This study, therefore, is justified on the bases of these factors: first, the preservation and collection of historical data for those who many wish to make use of such information for pleasure or general knowledge, and secondly, the compilation of these data into one source for easy reference.