Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2008. / Title from web page (viewed on July 20, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Here we demonstrate that both exogenous and endogenous cannabinoids affect different aspects of learning and memory in the rat.  For example, the potent CB₁ receptor agonist, WIN-2 was able to delay-dependently impair short-term memory (STM) sparing reference memory (RM).  This demonstrates that it is the STM but  not RM processes that are more sensitive to the effects of cannabinoids. In addition, given that cannabinoids were able to hinder the recruitment of hippocampal firing correlates that are crucial for correct performance of a STM task, suppress hippocampal principal cell firing during the encoding phase of a STM task, reduce spontaneous bursting and disrupt synchronous firing of hippocampal principal cells respectively, confirm that they do alter the neurophysiology of the hippocampus.  These cannabinoid induced alterations in hippocampal neuronal activity may well explain the observed deficits across numerous other working memory (WM) and STM tasks. The results also revealed that cannabinoid-induced deficits in learning and memory are brought about due to an interaction between cannabinoid and cholinergic systems.  Although endocannabinoids failed to produce impairments in STM under normal physiological conditions, STM deficits were observed when anadamide levels were pharmacologically elevated beyond normal physiological levels.  Moreover, results demonstrate that the endocannabinoid system is involved in behavioural flexibility (i.e. reversal learning) and modulation of acquisition and/or consolidation of certain spatial elements that are necessary to perform an operant conditioning risk. Overall, the results in this thesis show that cannabinoid induced deficits in learning and memory are produced as a result of their direct effects on hippocampal processing.  The exact mechanisms that mediate these cannabinoid-induced deficits in memory are yet unclear and remain to be determined.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Virginia Commonwealth University, 2009. / Prepared for: Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Title from title-page of electronic thesis. Bibliography: leaves 130-143.

O sistema canabinóide parece participar de vários processos neurobiológicos, incluindo neuroproteção e plasticidade. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar os efeitos de ablações retinianas sobre a expressão do receptor canabinóide CB1 e de proteínas estruturais no tecto óptico de pintos pelos métodos de imuno-histoquímica, immunoblotting e PCR em tempo real. Além disso, avaliamos os efeitos do tratamento com agonistas e antagonistas canabinóides em culturas de células do tecto óptico expostas ao NMDA por citometria de fluxo e quanto à morfologia. A ablação retiniana parece gerar um aumento da expressão da proteína CB1 no tecto óptico desaferentado, mas não dos níveis de RNAm. O tratamento das culturas com o agonista canabinóide diminuiu o número de células inviáveis e de DNA fragmentado gerados pelo NMDA. O aumento da expressão de CB1 após a ablação indica uma localização pós-sináptica desses receptores e sugere um papel do sistema canabinóide em processos de plasticidade. Os resultados da cultura de células sugerem um papel neuroprotetor do sistema canabinóide. / The cannabinoid system (CS) seems to have a role in several neurobiological processes, including neuroprotection and neuronal plasticity. The aims of this study were to verify the effects of unilateral retinal ablation on the expression of cannabinoid receptor CB1 and other structural proteins in the optic tectum of chick brain by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting and real time PCR. Moreover, we evaluated the effects of cannabinoids agonists and antagonists treatment in optic tectum cell cultures exposed to the NMDA by flow cytometry and in the morphology. The retinal ablation seems to generate an increase in the expression of protein CB1 in the deafferented optic tectum, but not in the levels of mRNA. The treatment of the cultures with the cannabinoid agonist decreased the number of unviable cells and fragmented DNAs generated by NMDA. This increase of CB1 expression indicates a post-synaptic localization of these receptors and suggests a role of the CS in plasticity processes. The results of cell culture suggest neuroprotector role of the CS.

O sistema canabinóide parece participar de vários processos neurobiológicos, incluindo neuroproteção e plasticidade. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar os efeitos de ablações retinianas sobre a expressão do receptor canabinóide CB1 e de proteínas estruturais no tecto óptico de pintos pelos métodos de imuno-histoquímica, immunoblotting e PCR em tempo real. Além disso, avaliamos os efeitos do tratamento com agonistas e antagonistas canabinóides em culturas de células do tecto óptico expostas ao NMDA por citometria de fluxo e quanto à morfologia. A ablação retiniana parece gerar um aumento da expressão da proteína CB1 no tecto óptico desaferentado, mas não dos níveis de RNAm. O tratamento das culturas com o agonista canabinóide diminuiu o número de células inviáveis e de DNA fragmentado gerados pelo NMDA. O aumento da expressão de CB1 após a ablação indica uma localização pós-sináptica desses receptores e sugere um papel do sistema canabinóide em processos de plasticidade. Os resultados da cultura de células sugerem um papel neuroprotetor do sistema canabinóide. / The cannabinoid system (CS) seems to have a role in several neurobiological processes, including neuroprotection and neuronal plasticity. The aims of this study were to verify the effects of unilateral retinal ablation on the expression of cannabinoid receptor CB1 and other structural proteins in the optic tectum of chick brain by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting and real time PCR. Moreover, we evaluated the effects of cannabinoids agonists and antagonists treatment in optic tectum cell cultures exposed to the NMDA by flow cytometry and in the morphology. The retinal ablation seems to generate an increase in the expression of protein CB1 in the deafferented optic tectum, but not in the levels of mRNA. The treatment of the cultures with the cannabinoid agonist decreased the number of unviable cells and fragmented DNAs generated by NMDA. This increase of CB1 expression indicates a post-synaptic localization of these receptors and suggests a role of the CS in plasticity processes. The results of cell culture suggest neuroprotector role of the CS.