Orientador: José Rafael Modolo / Abstract: With the aim of evaluating the seroepidemiological profiles of the toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in dairy goats from Sao Paulo state; possible risks of the toxoplasmosis for the public health and the associations of the diseases with the co-infection by the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV); and to stablish a quantitative indicator of the health (L°sanitary statusLl) of the farms, 923 caprine serum samples were obtained from 17 different properties. The animals were male and female , over three months old, subdivided in three age groups: < 1 year-old, between 1 and 4 years-old and > 4 years-old. For toxoplasmosis, neosporosis and caprine arthritis-encephalitis diagnosis, were used, respectively, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFATLÃ16), Neospora agglutination test (NATLÃ25) and agar gel immunodiffusion (IDGA, positive or negative). A questionnaire containing reproductive and epidemiologic information was applied for all the farms. All the discussion were realized at 5% significance level. The positivity rates were 23.40 % for the toxoplasmosis and 19.77 % for the neosporosis. Two properties presented no positive result for T. gondii and in one there was no seropositive animal for N. caninum. There were no associations between the frequency of seropositivity and sex for both diseases. A more advanced age influenced positively in the occurrence of anti-T. gondii antibodies, but there no statistical difference for N. caninum. The presence of cats and dogs in farms was associated to the raise of positive rates for toxoplasmosis and neosporosis, respectively. The seropositivity for just one of the agents (T. gondii or N. caninum) did not influence the ocurrence of reproductive failures. There was no association between anti-CAEV antibodies and the presence of antibodies anti-T. gondii or anti-N. caninum... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Doutor

Orientador: Heraldo César Gonçalves / Banca: Roberto de Oliveira Roça / Banca: Mauro Sartori Bueno / Resumo: O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito do grupo racial (GR), peso de abate (PA) e gênero (G) na área de fibra muscular, porcentagem de colágeno e perfil de ácidos graxos da carne de cabritos. Foram utilizados 74 animais dos seguintes GR: Alpino (A), ½ Boer + ½ Alpino (½ BA), ½ Anglo Nubiano + ½ Alpino (½ ANA), ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpino (¾ BA) e Tricross (TC- ¼ Boer + ¼ Alpino + ½ Anglo Nubiano), dos quais um animal de cada tratamento, gênero e grupo racial foi selecionado para avaliação do perfil de ácidos graxos. Os animais iniciaram o experimento aos 28 dias, sendo desmamados aos 60 dias de idade. Um terço dos animais foi abatido ao atingir 25, 30 e 35 kg. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado e o teste de Tukey (P<0,05) foi utilizado para comparação das médias. Não houve diferença para a área de fibra muscular e porcentagem de colágeno para os parâmetros utilizados, indicando similaridade na textura da carne dos animais utilizados. O gênero influenciou os ácidos graxos C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C20:3n3, C20:5n3 e -3; o GR influenciou os teores de C18:2n6c, C20:0, C24:1 e CLA cis. O PA individualmente não interferiu no perfil de ácidos graxos, porém a interação G x PA influenciou os teores de C18:0, AGPI e a relação AGPI/AGS, sendo que os machos com maior peso apresentaram uma carne nutricionalmente mais desejável / Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of racial group (RG), slaughter weight (SW) and gender (G) on the muscle fiber area, percentage of collagen and fatty acid profile in kid meat. Seventy four animals of the following racial groups were used: Alpine (A), ½ Boer + ½ Alpine (½ BA), ½ Nubian + ½ Alpine (½ ANA), ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpine (¾ BA) and Tricross (TC- ¼ Boer + ¼ Alpine + ¼ Nubian). One animal from SW, G and RG were selected for evaluation of fatty acid profile. When the experiment started the animals were 28 days old and were weaned at 60 days old. One third of the animals was slaughtered when reaching 25, 30 and 35 kg. The experimental design was totally randomized and the Tukey test (P<0,05) was used to compare the means. There was no difference for muscle fiber area and percentage of collagen among the parameters used, indicating similarity in texture of the meat from the animals used. The gender influenced the fatty acids C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C20:3n3, C20:5n3 and -3; the RG influenced the levels of C18:2n6c, C20:0, C24:1 and CLA cis. The SW did not affect the fatty acid profile, but the interaction G x SW influenced the levels of C18:0, UFA and the PUFA/SFA ratio. Male and heavier animals produced the best meat in terms of nutrition / Mestre

Orientador: Francisco Leydson Formiga Feitosa / Banca: Paulo Sergio Patto dos Santos / Banca: Raimundo Souza Lopes / Resumo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar os valores hemogasométricos e equilíbrio ácido-básico, parâmetros vitais, pontuação do sistema Apgar, proteinograma sérico, contagem total e diferencial de leucócitos, glicemia e cortisolemia em cabritos nascidos de partos eutócicos e avaliar a influencia do tipo de parto sobre essas variáveis, do nascimento até o final do primeiro dia de vida. Para tanto, determinaram-se os valores hemogasométricos, parâmetros vitais, concentração sérica de proteínas totais, glicemia, e cortisolemia nos momentos zero, cinco dez e 15 minutos e 24 horas pós-parto. A pontuação Apgar foi realizada apenas nos momentos zero, cinco, dez e 15 minutos pós-parto e a contagem total e diferencial de leucócitos nos momentos zero e 24 horas pós-parto. Os animais neonatos nascidos de partos eutócicos apresentavam, no pós-parto imediato, quadro de acidose respiratória e os animais nascidos através de cesarianas demonstraram quadro de acidose mista; contudo, em ambos os grupos, o equilíbrio ácido-básico se normalizou no decorrer do primeiro dia de vida. Os animais nascidos de cesarianas foram classificados, segundo o sistema Apgar, como deprimidos; já, os nascidos de partos eutócicos, foram classificados como possuidores de boa vitalidade. O proteinograma sérico e a contagem total e diferencial de leucócitos não foram influenciados pelo tipo de parto. Os níveis séricos de cortisol dos cabritos nascidos de partos normais, no pós-parto imediato, apresentavam-se bem elevados e decresceram significativamente até o final do primeiro dia de vida. Animais nascidos de partos gemelares possuíam concentrações séricas de cortisol, ao nascimento, menores que os cabritos nascidos de partos simples / Abstract: The aims of this study were to determine blood gas values and acid-base balance, vital parameters, the Apgar score, serum total proteins, WBC, glucose levels and cortisolemia in newborn goat kids born from normal deliveries and evaluate the influence of the type of delivery on these variables, between delivery and the end of the first day of life. For this, the blood gas values, vital parameters, serum total protein (refractometry), glucose levels, and cortisolemia were measured immediately after birth, and then at five, ten and 15 minutes and 24 hours postpartum. The Apgar score was calculated only at birth and then at five, ten and 15 minutes after delivery, and WBC were determined immediately after birth and 24 hours postpartum. The kids born from normal delivery presented respiratory acidosis in the immediate postpartum period, while animals born by caesarian section showed mixed acidosis; however, in both groups, the acid-base balance returned to normal during the first day of life. Animals born in assisted births were classified according to Apgar scoring as depressed; in contrast, the kids born from normal deliveries were classified as having good vitality. Serum protein and WBC were not influenced by type of delivery. The serum cortisol levels of the kids born of normal deliveries in the immediate postpartum period, were very high but decreased significantly by the end of the first day of life. Animals born of twin pregnancies had serum cortisol levels, at birth, lower than the kids from single births / Mestre