Field area networks are rapidly expanding to include a wide range of applications. Intelligent nodes on the network will be installed in a small to medium geographical area to monitor and control processes. Such nodes are generally connected to a centralized gateway used by a service provider to monitor and control various applications. The growth in popularity of ubiquitous computing requires the use of embedded network processors in everyday objects. Even though the idea of interaction between the digital devices around us could bring a great deal of convenience it also introduces great risks. Therefore such applications would not only require measurement, control and communication functionality but also a high level of security. Smart cards offer a simple, inexpensive method of incorporating a cryptographic processor into an embedded system that will allow for the implementation of security services. A field area network has resource limitations that influence security service implementation, such as low bandwidth, limited processing power, limited storage capacity and limited communication protocols. This dissertation discussed the implementation of a security policy for embedded field area networks used in distributed real-time applications, using smart card technology. The primary objective is to formulate a policy that can be implemented to secure a field area network. The secondary objective is to determine whether this policy can be implemented using mechanisms provided by smart card technology, while maintaining reasonable system performance. It states the approach taken to finding a viable solution to the problem defined above. A comprehensive literature study provides background on relevant technology and possible solutions. In a system overview the system’s boundaries and functional requirements are defined. The implementation section outlines possible solutions and describes how these can be implemented. Evaluation, verification and quantification of the performance of the proposed system are performed according to the experimental procedures described. The results obtained are documented and discussed. In the conclusion the proposed solution and the findings from the results are placed in context. Future topics of research in this field are suggested. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Computer Science / unrestricted

This thesis deals with the most significant forms of electronic banking. It focuses on their safety and their present state. The payment cards and their usage in common shops and on the Internet are analyzed. The thesis very detailed highlights problems connected with automated teller machines and it designs instruction for their safe operation. The actual situation of micropayment systems is described in detail. The head representatives are compared in light of functionality, limitations and operating fees, which are related to customers and sellers. The thesis includes the survey of current accounts intended for students in the Czech Republic, their comparison and advices for choice of the acceptable bank products.

Few studies have proposed or evaluated methods to teach telling time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of differential reinforcement of student responding in the form of response cards to teach three middle school students with intellectual disability to tell time. Participants worked through six training phases. Results showed that correct responding increased from pre-assessment (range of 5.71-14.29% correct) to post-assessment (range of 85-100% correct). Preliminary evidence shows promise in the application of these procedures to teach telling time to middle school students with intellectual disability.

The attention of information, communications, and technology (ICT) designers, developers, implementers, consultants, and venture capitalists, in the banking arena, has been focused on the corporate sector and on the commercial and corporate applications of ICT. Banking technology usage such as those by lower-income communities, have been marginalised and largely left unattended. During the past five years, activities, behaviours, and attitudes of the financial services industry increased, in favour of the under-serviced mass market. Global growth of electronic payment banking systems and usage has brought about a considerable amount of technological advancement. The low-income market has become a subject of interest by ICT solution providers, banks and credit-offering incumbents , academics, government, and alternative non-banks and non-governmental organisations (NGO’s). Despite the global increase in interest and technology usage, the inability to act on the augment, within the borders of Swaziland, is the primal focus of this research. Swaziland’s mass market can be transformed and banked through the proper deployment of ICTs. The ability to bank the un-banked, in viewing ICT as the enabler of the small society along with its various communities; those excluded because of cultural and educational restrictions; physical location and low income constraints; the disabled etc., can be achieved. This dissertation investigates and analyses the present situation of banking in Swaziland, the related entities involved, and attempts to formulate an appropriate strategy for the successful implementation of a suitable banking solution in the Swazi context. This includes the recognition that access, to any ICT, in itself is insufficient, and illustrates, through the use of community informatics (CI), systems theory, change management theory, and the essential pre-study towards the utilisation of ICT deployed on a grand scale. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Informatics / unrestricted

The main benefit of the work is the optimization of the hardware configuration for the calculation of neural networks. The theoretical part describes neural networks, deep learning frameworks and hardware options. The next part of the thesis deals with implementation of performance tests, which include application of Inception V3 and ResNet models. Network models are applied to various graphics cards and computing hardware. The output of the thesis is the implemented model of the network Inception V3, which examines the graphics cards and their performance, time-consuming calculations and their efficiency. The ResNet model is applied to a section that examines other impacts on neural network computing such as used disk, operating memory, and so on. Each practical part contains a discussion where the knowledge of the given part is explained. In the case of consumption measurement, a mismatch between the declaration by the manufacturer and the measured values was identified.

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Triplex forms of DNA act as main factors of some important cell functions. However, their positions within genome and their effect on cell functions are not known well. Triplex search algorithms often don't consider many of triplexs features and the possibility of occurrence of errors. In the other hand the complexity of full featured algorithms is extremely high. This paper shows the way to speed up the algorithm that considers all known triplex features. Parallel aproach allows due to CUDA technology acceleration up to 50.

The treatment of financial services under the VAT has been one of the most contentious VAT issues since the origin of the VAT. Due to theoretical and measurement complexities, most countries opt to exempt financial services under the VAT. Exemption is the cause of all the controversy. Exempting supplies under the VAT compromises one of the corner-stones of the VAT – neutrality. South Africa is one of many countries that exempts most financial services under VAT. Credit card suppliers in South Africa offer a bundle of financial services comprising fee-based-charges and interest earned. The credit card user is usually only charged for the interest. Interest is an exempt supply under VAT. This gives rise to many distortions for South African credit card users and financial intermediaries. Exhaustive research has been conducted on the treatment of financial services under the VAT around the world. This study only focusses on the VAT treatment of interest margins of credit cards in South Africa. Firstly, it was determined that credit card offerings in South Africa include bundled offerings which is impractical to separate on a transaction-for-for transaction-basis due to valuation complexities and market conditions. Secondly, it was determined that VAT doesn’t play a major role in credit card suppliers’ decision on how offerings are structured. It is mostly guided by the competition and legislation. Thirdly, it was determined that administrative burden and compliance cost caused by apportionment in South Africa is highly underplayed in the literature. Lastly, it was proposed that full taxation of all financial services with implicit charges at a lower rate or full taxation of fee-based charges with exemption of financial services with a partial input recovery, to be the best alternatives for South Africa to consider to tax financial services under VAT. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / am2014 / Taxation / unrestricted

The design and development of “e-Vaccination” applications are not extensively researched within developing economies, in part because of the difficulty in gaining access to government officials and medical experts. Vaccination cards have been used to keep track of minors’ immunisation records in South Africa for over 30 years. The South African government is moving towards the use of electronic systems for the storage of such information. South Africa has a clearly defined electronic health strategy, which is to utilise information and communications technologies in healthcare to inter alia, engage in medical research, promote health education, monitoring of diseases and tracking public health. Supporting this strategy means digitising current paper-based systems. The result would be information that can be stored safely, backed up and analysed more easily than paper-based journals, documents and vaccination cards. The purpose of this research is to develop a better understanding of key stakeholders’ perceptions to the replacement of paper-based vaccination cards with an electronic system. This is important because digital records can be considered as a more effective method of storing vaccination data. This study is quantitative in nature and primary data in the form of Likert scale questionnaires were collected from 118 key stakeholders being nurses, doctors, parents and school administration staff. The Likert scale questionnaire data was analysed using the following statistical techniques: Cronbach Alpha Test, Chi-Square Test, Analysis of Variance Test and Principle Component Analysis. The analysis provided a deeper understanding of the key stakeholder’s perceptions to the use of e-Vaccination applications. e-Vaccination applications are affected by user friendliness of the application, the graphical design of the application, practicality of the application, user experience of the application as well as the usability of the application. The practical implications of this research on e-Vaccination applications is that designers, developers, policymakers and government have a deeper understanding of nurses, doctors, parents and school administration staff perceptions to the use of e-Vaccination. / School of Computing

Response cards are low-cost, low-tech instructional tools designed to engage learners while simultaneously aiding educators in evaluating student comprehension. The use of such a tool in educational settings has increased over the last several decades, as evidenced by the growing body of research evaluating their impact in the classroom. Though several researchers have reviewed the literature on response cards to date, the purpose of the present study was to conduct a more current and comprehensive systematic review of the literature focused on the use of response cards specifically among learners who have been diagnosed with one or more disabilities. A multi-step search procedure revealed 15 relevant studies which met inclusion criteria. A total of 141 participants with and without disabilities ranging in age from five to 19 were included in the present study. Outcomes of interest included active responding, correct responding, on-task behavior, inappropriate behavior, and academic achievement. Results of the review extend the findings of Randolph (2007), Horn (2010), and Schnorr et. al. (2016), indicating the continued effectiveness of response cards in yielding desirable outcomes, both behaviorally and academically. Increases in nearly all dependent variables including active responding, correct responding, on-task behavior, and academic achievement were reported. However, outcomes related to decreasing inappropriate behavior were variable. There exist several limitations within the present study, and recommendations for future research are plentiful. Those recommendations as well as implications for use are discussed. / Applied Behavioral Analysis