Eighteenth Century Venice witnessed the rise to popularity of Carlo Gozzi, a playwright whose life and works have provoked a spectrum of controversial opinions ranging from the over-enthusiastic evaluation of the German Romantics and the harsh criticisms of more realistic Italians, to the temperate judgements of modern literary critics. To understand why this prolific dramatist and dedicated opponent of the Enlightenment aroused such diverse impressions, one must study the period in which he lived and, with this in mind, proceed to examine his political, social, and moral views as they are expressed in his works, then attempt to reconstruct the personality of the author himself. Accordingly, I have included in this thesis a brief summary of the Enlightenment and the influence it had upon Italian cultural life. Against this historical background, I have presented the essential opinions of the author in order to determine his reasons for so resolutely opposing the concepts of the Enlightenment. These socio-political views are closely bound to the medium he chose. It, therefore, proves worthwhile to study his ideas on the theatre, its purpose, its rights and responsibilities, its actors and dramatists, and the genre which Gozzi used in his works, the commedia dell'arte. Although his plays are our most obvious and direct source of information, his memoirs and his treatise on the theatre are also essential. In them he describes the state of Italian theatre as he found it, his desire to rejuvenate its proud theatrical tradition, improvised comedy, his polemical and didactical reasons for writing plays, and his means of achieving the effects he believed every play should have on an audience. Gozzi's ideas also come to light in his criticism of his theatrical rival, Carlo Goldoni, whose plays reflected current social change. The fact that, until recently, literary critics judged Gozzi mainly on his theatrical productions has led them away from the fascinating personality of the author. Modern studies emphasize Gozzi, the man, as he reveals himself in the Memorie inutili, his last and most intimate work. The memoirs reveal the inner conflict of a man caught between past and future, torn between a dying culture of which he was a part, and a new one in which he could find no place. In conclusion, I maintain that only by considering his theatrical works in the light of the Memorie inutili and the Ragionamento ingenuo can one hope to give a comprehensive evaluation of Carlo Gozzi - dramatist and man. / Arts, Faculty of / French, Hispanic, and Italian Studies, Department of / Graduate

Orientador : Jose Antonio Cordeiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Ciencia da Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-16T09:33:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hentges_AdaoLuiz_M.pdf: 1614235 bytes, checksum: c790b07a593ee63321b177cd35cec8b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989 / Resumo: Não informado / Abstract: Not informed / Mestrado / Mestre em Estatística

La statistique bayésienne computationnelle construit des approximations de la distribution a posteriori soit par échantillonnage, soit en construisant des approximations tractables. La contribution de cette thèse au domaine des statistiques bayésiennes est le développement de nouvelle méthodologie en combinant des méthodes existantes. Nos approches sont mieux adaptées à la dimension ou entraînent une réduction du coût de calcul par rapport aux méthodes existantes.Notre première contribution améliore le calcul bayésien approximatif (ABC) en utilisant le quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC). ABC permet l'inférence bayésienne dans les modèles avec une vraisemblance intractable. QMC est une technique de réduction de variance qui fournit des estimateurs plus précis d’intégrales. Notre deuxième contribution utilise le QMC pour l'inférence variationnelle(VI). VI est une méthode pour construire des approximations tractable à la distribution a posteriori . La troisième contribution développe une approche pour adapter les échantillonneurs Monte Carlo séquentiel (SMC) lorsque on utilise des noyaux de mutation Hamiltonian MonteCarlo (HMC). Les échantillonneurs SMC permettent une estimation non biaisée de l’évidence du modèle, mais ils ont tendance à perdre en performance lorsque la dimension croit. HMC est une technique de Monte Carlo par chaîne de Markov qui présente des propriétés intéressantes lorsque la dimension de l'espace cible augmente mais elle est difficile à adapter. En combinant les deux,nous construisons un échantillonneur qui tire avantage des deux. / Computational Bayesian statistics builds approximations to the posterior distribution either bysampling or by constructing tractable approximations. The contribution of this thesis to the fieldof Bayesian statistics is the development of new methodology by combining existing methods. Ourapproaches either scale better with the dimension or result in reduced computational cost com-pared to existing methods. Our first contribution improves approximate Bayesian computation(ABC) by using quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC). ABC allows Bayesian inference in models with in-tractable likelihoods. QMC is a variance reduction technique that yields precise estimations ofintegrals. Our second contribution takes advantage of QMC for Variational Inference (VI). VIis a method for constructing tractable approximations to the posterior distribution. The thirdcontribution develops an approach for tuning Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) samplers whenusing Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) mutation kernels. SMC samplers allow the unbiasedestimation of the model evidence but tend to struggle with increasing dimension. HMC is aMarkov chain Monte Carlo technique that has appealing properties when the dimension of thetarget space increases but is difficult to tune. By combining the two we construct a sampler thattakes advantage of the two.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Spin glasses have been the subject of intense study and considerable controversy for decades, and the low-temperature phase of short-range spin glasses is still poorly understood. Our main goal is to improve our understanding in this area and find an answer to the following question: Are there only a single pair or a countable infinity of pure states in the low temperature phase of the EA spin glass? To that aim we first start by introducing spin glasses and provide a brief history of their research, then proceed to describe our method of simulation, the parallel tempering Monte Carlo algorithm. Next, we present the results of a large-scale numerical study of the equilibrium three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass with Gaussian disorder. In order to understand how the parallel tempering algorithm works, we measure various static, as well as dynamical quantities, such as the autocorrelation times and round-trip times for the parallel tempering Monte Carlo method. We examine the correlation between static and dynamic observables for _ 5000 disorder realizations and up to 1000 spins down to temperatures at 20% of the critical temperature, and our results show that autocorrelation times are directly correlated with the roughness of the free-energy landscape. In the following chapters, the three- and four-dimensional Edwards-Anderson and mean-field Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Ising spin glasses are studied again via large-scale Monte Carlo simulations at low temperatures, deep within the spinglass phase. Performing a careful statistical analysis of several thousand independent disorder realizations and using an observable that detects peaks in the overlap distribution, we show that the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick and Edwards-Anderson models have a distinctly different low-temperature behavior. We arrive to the following conclusion: The structure of the spin-glass overlap distribution for the Edwards-Anderson model suggests that its low-temperature phase has only a single pair of pure states. Finally we present results for several new observables, along with a few preliminary studies and suggestions for future research.

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