Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-107).

published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Nursing in Advanced Practice

published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Nursing

This study examined right-ventricular-pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) coupling and pulmonary vascular mechanics during acute exercise in 12 middle-aged men with a long-standing history of endurance training. Subjects underwent simultaneous right-heart catheterization and echocardiography, with measures obtained at steady state heart rates of 100, 130 and 150 beats/min. Subjects were highly trained and displayed RV remodeling of endurance-trained athletes. During exercise at 100 beats/min, systolic, diastolic, and mean pulmonary artery pressure increased significantly from rest, as did pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. The slope of pooled mean pulmonary pressure indexed to cardiac output was 1.436 mmHg⋅min-1⋅L-1 with a distensibility index of 0.112 ± 0.048 mmHg-1. The pulmonary arterial elastance-RV end-systolic elastance ratio (Ea:Ees) decreased from rest to exercise at 130 beats/min (P < 0.01). These results suggest that Ea:Ees becomes favourable for RV function during exercise, indicative of a pulmonary vasculature that is highly distensible and well matched to RV output.

This study examined right-ventricular-pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) coupling and pulmonary vascular mechanics during acute exercise in 12 middle-aged men with a long-standing history of endurance training. Subjects underwent simultaneous right-heart catheterization and echocardiography, with measures obtained at steady state heart rates of 100, 130 and 150 beats/min. Subjects were highly trained and displayed RV remodeling of endurance-trained athletes. During exercise at 100 beats/min, systolic, diastolic, and mean pulmonary artery pressure increased significantly from rest, as did pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. The slope of pooled mean pulmonary pressure indexed to cardiac output was 1.436 mmHg⋅min-1⋅L-1 with a distensibility index of 0.112 ± 0.048 mmHg-1. The pulmonary arterial elastance-RV end-systolic elastance ratio (Ea:Ees) decreased from rest to exercise at 130 beats/min (P < 0.01). These results suggest that Ea:Ees becomes favourable for RV function during exercise, indicative of a pulmonary vasculature that is highly distensible and well matched to RV output.

Thesis (D.Nurs.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Clinical Nursing, 2003. / "March 2003" Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-68).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-157).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:19:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rocha_apc_dr_botfm.pdf: 1024893 bytes, checksum: 0e64a9e23240bce6205f3161a978ae84 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A sedação para a realização de cateterismo cardíaco, apesar de pouco estudada, tem sido alvo de preocupação de alguns anestesiologistas. Os benzodiazepínicos, os agonistas alfa-2 adrenérgicos e os opióides são comumente utilizados para este fim, entretanto, cada um destes medicamentos possui vantagens e desvantagens. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a eficácia do sufentanil e da clonidina como medicação sedativa em pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco, comparando o impacto dos mesmos sobre os parâmetros hemodinâmicos e respiratórios apresentados, observando a presença de efeitos colaterais, além da satisfação do paciente e do hemodinamicista durante o exame. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico prospectivo, duplo-cego, randomizado e controlado, que envolveu sessenta pacientes divididos igualmente em dois grupos: GS e GC que receberam respectivamente, 0,1 mcg/kg de sufentanil e 0,5 mcg/kg de clonidina. Estes fármacos foram administrados antes da realização do cateterismo cardíaco. O escore de sedação segundo a escala de Ramsay, a necessidade de utilização de midazolam, os efeitos colaterais, a PAS, a PAD, a FC, a FR e a SpO2 foram registrados a cada cinco minutos, sendo os dados analisados em 06 diferentes momentos. Os grupos foram homogêneos em relação aos dados demográficos e avaliação clínica inicial. O comportamento da PAS, da PAD, da FC e da FR foi semelhante nos dois grupos, entretanto os pacientes do GS apresentaram menor escore de sedação segundo a escala de Ramsay no momento 2 e SpO2 menor que o GC no momento 6. Os pacientes do GS apresentaram maior incidência de NVPO que os pacientes do GC. A satisfação dos pacientes foi maior no GC. Os hemodinamicistas mostraram-se igualmente satisfeitos nos dois grupos. O sufentanil e a clonidina se mostraram efetivos como fármacos sedativos em pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco. / Sedation for cardiac catheterization, although not largely studied, has worried a number of anesthesiologists presently. Not only benzodiazepinic medicine, but also alpha- 2 adrenergic agonist and opioids are commonly used drugs to this end. Each one of these medicaments presents a series of advantages as well as disadvantages. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of sufentanil and clonidine as a sedative medicament to patients submitted to cardiac catheterization, comparing their impact over the hemodynamic and respiratory parameters witnessed, observing the occurrence of side effects, besides patient’s and hemodynamicist’s satisfaction during the examination. This consists of a prospective, double-blinded, randomized and controlled clinical essay, which involved sixty patients equally divided in two different groups: GS and GC, who, respectively, received 0,1mcg/kg of sufentanil and 0,5 mcg/kg of clonidine. Both administered before cardiac catheterization. The sedation score, according to Ramsay’s scale, the necessity of utilizing midazolam, side effects, SAP, DAP, CF and SpO2 were registered every five minutes and data analyzed in six different moments. The studied groups were homogeneous regarding demographic data and initial clinical evaluation. The behavior of SAP, DAP, CF and RF was similar in both groups. However, a lower sedation score regarding Ramsay’s scale was observed in GS patients at moment 2 and at moment 6 SpO2 was found to be lower than GC. All GS patients seemed to have had higher incidence of PONV compared to GC patients. Considering patients’ satisfaction, it was higher in GC. Hemodynamicists seemed equally satisfied in both groups. Sufentanil and clonidine seemed to have been more effective as sedative medicaments in patients submitted to cardiac catheterization.

Orientador: Carlos Arturo Levi D'Ancona / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T09:59:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bosqueiro_CeliaMaria_M.pdf: 1127972 bytes, checksum: bb42d4ecd53168b9be1c1df5a10fe02e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Introdução: O cateterismo intermitente limpo (CIL) tem sido uma valiosa ferramenta no tratamento da disfunção neurogênica e não neurogênica do trato urinário inferior. Objetivo: Verificar a incidência de infecção do trato urinário (ITU) antes e após instituir o CIL, e identificar os agentes etiológicos. Métodos: Estudo de intervenção, não controlado, longitudinal e prospectivo, com pacientes de ambos os sexos e sem limite de idade. Foram realizadas quatro avaliações com seguimento por sete meses. O diagnóstico de ITU foi definido com presença de cultura de urina igual ou superior a 105 unidades formadoras de colônias por mililitro, acompanhada de um ou mais sinais ou sintomas de ITU. Foi usado cateter de cloreto de polivinil (PVC) com orientação de reuso do cateter por até sete dias após higienização e para os homens, também foi orientado lubrificação intra-uretral antes da cateterização. Recomendou-se CIL uma a cinco vezes ao dia conforme a disfunção vesical. A coleta de urina foi realizada pelo paciente ou pelo cuidador. Resultados: Cinquenta e sete pacientes foram incluídos, destes 30 completaram o estudo. A idade mediana foi de 30 anos, variando de cinco a 73 anos, sendo 22 (73,3%) homens. Foram coletadas 120 amostras de urina para análise laboratorial. Na primeira avaliação 14 (46,7%) pacientes apresentaram ITU e após inicio do CIL, ocorreu diminuição progressiva para 2 (6,7%) na quarta avaliação. Os principais uropatógenos identificados foram: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae e Proteus Mirabilis e dentre estes, o uropatógeno mais freqüente foi Escherichia coli. Conclusões: A incidência de ITU na amostra estudada foi de 46,7% e o CIL reduziu a ocorrência de ITU em 85,7%. O agente etiológico mais freqüente foi Escherichia coli. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que o cateterismo intermitente com a técnica limpa, reusando o cateter de PVC por sete dias é um método seguro / Abstract: Background: Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) has been a valuable tool for treating neurogenic and non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions. Objectives: to verify the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) before and after instituting CIC, and identify the etiological agents. Method: this is an interventional, uncontrolled, longitudinal and prospective study performed with patients of both genders and with no age limits. Four interventions were performed during seven-month follow-up. The UTI diagnosis was defined by the presence of bacteria in a urinary culture equal or above to 105 colony forming units per milliliter, accompanied by one or more UTI signs or symptoms. Polyvinyl chloride catheters (PVC) were reused after cleaning for up to seven days and in men, was used intraurethral lydocaine 2% lubrication. CIC was recommended for one to five times a day according to the type of vesical dysfunction. Urine samples were collected by the patient or the caregiver. Results: Fifty-seven patients were enrolled, of these 30 completed the study.The median age was 30 years, ranging from five to 73 years, and 22 (73.3%) of patients were men. A total of 120 urine samples were collected for laboratory analysis. In the first evaluation, done prior to commencement of CIC, 14 (46.7%) of patients had clinically significant UTI; after initiating CIC there was a progressive reduction to a 2 (6.7%) infection rate by the fourth evaluation. The main uropathogens found were: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Proteus Mirabilis and among these, the most frequent was Escherichia coli. Conclusions: The incidence of UTI in the studied sample was 46.7% and CIC reduced the occurrence of UTI in 85.7%. The most frequent etiologic agent was Escherichia coli. The present study results suggest that intermittent catheterization with the clean technique, reusing the (PVC) catheter, is safe / Mestrado / Pesquisa Experimental / Mestre em Cirurgia

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a conduta do enfermeiro frente ao traumatismo de uretra ocasionado pela inserção do cateter uretral. Este estudo teve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto - Parecer 466/12 e foi realizado em um Hospital Universitário em duas etapas: na primeira etapa, descritiva, foi efetuada consulta ao sistema eletrônico do hospital que trata de notificações sobre eventos adversos dos pacientes. Nessa etapa foi utilizado instrumento de perguntas objetivas elaborado pelo próprio pesquisador. Na segunda, quase-experimental pós teste, foram coletados os dados relacionados a autoconfiança de enfermeiros, que participaram de cenário simulado de baixa fidelidade. Nessa etapa para obtenção dos dados foi aplicado um questionário de caracterização dos sujeitos e instrumento já validado, de autoconfiança na Assistência de Enfermagem à Retenção Urinária (EAAERU), a qual encontra-se dividida em cinco fatores: 1) \"Intervenções realizadas durante o cateterismo urinário e/ou em situações iatrogênicas\", 2) \"Intervenções prévias ao cateterismo urinário\", 3) \"Intervenções realizadas após o cateterismo urinário\"; 4) \"Comunicação, consentimento e preparo dos materiais para realização do cateterismo urinário\", e 5) \"Avaliação objetiva da RU\" (retenção urinária). Os dados da primeira etapa foram analisados por estatística descritiva e os dados da segunda etapa foram codificados e digitados duplamente em planilhas do aplicativo Excel®, exportados e analisados no programa SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) ®, versão 22.0, como a escala original. Os resultados demonstram que na primeira fase do estudo entre as 5300 notificações do serviço, apenas 27 (1,96%) estavam relacionadas a problemas urinários. Entre essas, cinco diretamente ao cateterismo urinário. Na segunda fase do estudo, a amostra foi composta por 53 enfermeiros, entre os quais a maior parte era do sexo feminino, com idade média de 36 anos, menos de dez anos de formação. Entre eles a maioria cursava ou já haviam cursado pós-graduação. Segundo os entrevistados todos 53 (100,0%) já realizaram o cateterismo urinário e 46 (86,8%) já vivenciaram dificuldades no procedimento. A maioria já avaliou trauma uretral ocasionado pela passagem do cateter. A conduta tomada nessa circunstância foi comunicar o fato e solicitar avaliação de outro profissional (médico e/ou outro enfermeiro). Após atividade simulada de trauma uretral, na avaliação da autoconfiança, a EAAERU demonstrou boa confiabilidade na sua aplicação (? 0,966). Os menores escores encontrados na autoconfiança dos profissionais estiveram relacionados aos fatores 1) \"Intervenções realizadas durante o cateterismo urinário e/ou em situações iatrogênicas\" e 5) \"Avaliação objetiva da RU\". Observou-se ainda associação positiva entre a autoconfiança e a frequência de realização do cateterismo urinário. Conclui-se que os traumas de uretra são comuns na prática clínica, porém pouco notificados. Com relação à autoconfiança na introdução do cateterismo urinário em que ocorrem situações de trauma de uretra há dificuldade na tomada de decisão e na avaliação objetiva da RU. Uma vez que o cateterismo é de competência do enfermeiro, são necessários programas e instrumentos que capacitem os profissionais para tais situações / This study aimed to evaluate the conduct of the nurse to the urethral trauma caused by the insertion of urethral catheter. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee in research of the College of Nursing in Ribeirão Preto - Opinion 466/12 and was performed in University Hospital in two stages: in the first stage, descriptive, a question was made on the hospital\'s electronic system, which deals with notifications about adverse events of patients. In this stage, it was used an instrument of objective questions elaborated by the researcher herself. In the second stage, quasi-experimental posttest study, the data related to self-confidence of nurses who participated in simulated low-fidelity scenario was collected. In this stage, to obtain the data, it was applied a characterization questionnaire of subjects and already validated instrument of Self-Confidence Scale of Nursing Care in Urinary Retention (EAAERU), which is divided in five factors: 1) \"Interventions performed during urinary catheterization and/or in iatrogenic situations\", 2) \"Prior interventions to performing urinary catheterization\", 3) \"Interventions performed for urinary catheters\"; 4) \"Communication, consent and preparation of materials for performing urinary catheterization\", and 5) \"Objective evaluation of the urinary retention\". The first stage\'s data were analyzed by descriptive statistic and the second stage\'s data were codified and double typed in spreadsheets in the Excel® app, exported and analyzed in the SPSS program (Statistical Package for Social Science)®, version 22.0, like the original scale. The results demonstrate that in the first stage of the study, among the 5300 notifications of service, only 27 (1,96%) were related to urinary problems. Among these, five directly related to urinary catheterization. In the second stage of the study, the sample was made by 53 nurses, among which most were women, with an average age of 36 years, less than ten years of formation. Among them, most were attending or had already attended postgraduate. According to the interviewers, all 53 (100,0%) had performed urinary catheterization and 46 (86,8%) had gone through trouble during the process. Most of them had evaluated urethral trauma caused by the introduction of the catheter. The conduct taken in this circumstance was to communicate the fact and request the evaluation of another professional (Doctor and/or another nurse). After simulated activity of the urethral trauma, in the self-confidence evaluation, EAAERU showed good reliability on its application (?=0,966). The lowest scores found in the professionals\' self-confidence were related to the factors 1) \"Interventions performed during urinary catheterization and/or in iatrogenic situations\" and 5) \"Objective evaluation of the urinary retention\". It was also observed positive association between the self-confidence and the performance of urethral catheterization. It is concluded that urethral traumas are common on clinical practice, however little notified. With regard to self-confidence to the introduction of urethral catheterization in which occur urethral trauma situations, there is difficulty in decision making and objective evaluation of the urinary retention. Once the catheterization is the nurse\'s responsibility, programs and tools are necessary to enable professionals in such situations