Canine Oral Papillomavirus (COPV) induces warts on the oral mucosa in domestic dogs and other canids. The canine oral papillomatosis (COP) is a well established animal model of mucosal papillomatosis. While the regression of a current infection is mediated by cellular immunity, humoral immunity does prevent reinfection. Question of the present study was, if unspecific stimulation of the immune system with the inducer of paramunity Baypamune® during the period of growth would have an influence on the course of canine oral papillomatosis. Clinical criteria for this purpose were period of growth, period of regression and the size and morphology of Papillomas at the end of growth. Additionally ALAT and ASAT were quantified in order to rule out deterioration of liver cells. PCV and leucocytes where monitored and a differentiation was performed. In a second part of the study, L1-antibodies and IFNg, TNF-a as well as IL-18 were determined by the Institute of Virology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Leipzig. At the end of the study, biopsies of mucosa were taken for detection of viral genome. In a pre-study, three Labrador Retrievers at 14 weeks of age were challenged with 15 μl of virus suspension (40 μg of COPV-L1 Protein/ml) per site by scarification of oral mucosa. Papillomas developed at all challenged sites. These were removed during the period of growth and handed over to the Institute of Virology of the Faculty of Summary 70 Veterinary Medicine of the University of Leipzig for preparation of the suspension used in the main study. In the main study, 13 Labrador Retrievers at 14 weeks of age were challenged with 10 μl of virus suspension (40 μg of COPV-L1 Protein/ml) per site by scarification of three areas of the left oral mucosa. All animals developed at least at one site warts, totally 88 % of the challenged sites showed papillomas. 44 Days after infection, 12 dogs were divided into two groups which did not differ in time of incubation and size of the papillomas. Over a period of four weeks, one group received a total of five dosis of Baypamune®, the other group five dosis of placebo. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the period of growth, period of regression, size and morphology of the papillomas. The administration of Baypamune® during the period of growth had no effect on the clinical course of COP in this trial. However, time of application of the substances should be considered critically, since papillomas of five animals had been in regression before the first application of Baypamune® and placebo had taken place. No deterioration of liver cells could be ascertained. There was no difference between the groups regarding packed cell volume, white blood count and differentiation throughout the study. Parameters of unspecific immunity determined by the Institute of Virology, IFN-γ, TNF-a und IL-18, delivered no evaluable results. However, four animals of the placebogroup showed Papilloma-DNA in the Biopsies taken, but none of the animals, that received Baypamune®, being this a possible indicator for stimulation of cellular immunity. Anti-L1-Antibodies rose earlier in the Baypamune®group than in the placebogroup. In conclusion therapeutic efficacy of Baypamune® in dogs with present COP could not be shown in this trial, making future investigation necessary.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2002. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Immunology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on September 3, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Lund, 1996. / Added t.p. with thesis statement added.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-129).

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Lund, 1996. / Added t.p. with thesis statement added.

Orientador: Patricia da Silva Melo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T14:49:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Correa_DanielHenriquedoAmaral_M.pdf: 1457648 bytes, checksum: 6adbe0feca89d1798ac2084d68454c69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: A droga desidrocrotonina (DHC), isolada da planta Croton cajucara, é conhecida pelas suas atividades biológicas, entretanto apresenta uma vasta e conhecida toxicidade. Neste trabalho foram preparadas formulações contendo DHC associada a polímeros (PLGA) ou ciclodextrinas (beta, metil-beta e hidroxipropil-beta) para obter nanopartículas poliméricas e complexos de inclusão, respectivamente. Objetivamos neste trabalho a preparação das formulações de veiculação de DHC, sua caracterização e avaliação de parâmetros de toxicidade in vitro visando o estudo comparativo dos efeitos da DHC livre e veiculada. Células V79 e hepatócitos de ratos, sistemas celulares bem estabelecidos, permitiram avaliar alvos celulares como lisossomos, mitocôndrias e ácidos nucléicos frente aos possíveis danos tóxicos causados pela DHC. Nos hepatócitos, além dos parâmetros citados acima, também foi avaliada a quantidade de GSH existente nessas células, bem como a quantificação da peroxidação lipídica através da formação de TBARS e a atividade enzimática de enzimas do sistema de metabolização de drogas após tratamento com DHC livre e veiculada nos sistemas de liberação controlada ¿ nanoesferas de PLGA e complexos de inclusão com ciclodextrinas. Nossos estudos em forma geral, indicam que os polímeros ou complexos de inclusão são estruturas que conferem estabilidade à DHC, provocam liberação controlada e diminuição dos efeitos tóxicos da DHC / Abstract: The drug dehydrocrotonin (DHC), isolated from Croton cajucara plant, is known for its biological activities, however presenting a well-known toxicity. In this work, we produced complexes containing DHC associated with polymers (PLGA) or with cyclodextrins (beta, methyl-beta and hydroxypropyl-beta) to obtain polymeric nanoparticles and inclusion complexes respectively. We aimed in this work to produce DHC-loaded formulations, to characterize these formulations and to evaluate the in vitro toxicity parameters through the comparative study of the effects of the free DHC and DHC-loaded. V79 cells and rat hepatocytes, well-established cellular systems, had allowed us to evaluate cellular targets as the lysosomes, mitochondrias and nucleic acids against the possible toxic effects caused by DHC. In hepatocytes, beyond the above-listed parameters, the amount of GSH in these cells was also evaluated, as well as the quantification of lipid peroxidation through the formation of TBARS and the enzymatic activity of the enzymes from the drug metabolization system after treatment with DHC in its free state and associated with controlled release systems ¿ nanospheres of PLGA and cyclodextrins inclusion complexes.Our studies indicates that the polymers or inclusion complexes are structures that confer stability to DHC, causing controlled release and reduction of the toxic effects of DHC / Mestrado / Bioquimica / Mestre em Biologia Funcional e Molecular

Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of hair follicles manifesting as patchy areas of hair loss on the scalp and body. Development of AA is associated with pen- and intra-follicular inflammation of anagen stage hair follicles, primarily by CD4+ and CD8+ cells. We hypothesized that if cell-mediated cytotoxicy against hair follicles is to be a component of the hair loss disease mechanism, increased expression of genes and products typical of cytotoxic cells, as well as increased apoptosis activity within affected hair follicles, would be expected to occur in the lesional skin compared to the normal skin. Furthermore, we studied gene expression levels of multiple cytokines and characteristic chemokines, using the C3FI/HeJ mouse model of AA. mRNA expression levels of granzyme A, granzyme B, perform Fas, Fas ligand, TNF-cL, TNF-aRl and R2, TRAIL, TRAILR, TRAMP, Thi-, Th2-, and Th17-associated cytokines, as well as multiple chemokines were compared between the skin, draining lymph nodes, thymus and spleens of normal and AA-affected mice using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. FasL, granzyme A, granzyme B, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were all highly up-regulated in the skin of AA-affected mice. Immunohistochemical studies of the skin revealed that, although greater numbers of granzyme B and FasL expressing cells were present in AA affected skin, the cells were morphologically diffusely distributed and not exclusively located within the focal pen- and intrafollicular infiltrate. The majority of these cells were further characterized as mast cells, which were also found in substantially greater numbers in the skin of mice with AA compared to their normal haired controls. Almost no perform expressing cells were identified in AA affected mouse skin and TUNEL staining suggested relatively limited apoptosis activity in hair follicle keratinocytes. In conclusion, while granzymes and FasL may play important roles in disease development, the profiles and patterns of expression are not consistent with direct cell-mediated cytotoxic action against the follicular epithelium in chronic mouse AA. Potentially, hair growth inhibiting cytokines may play a more dominant role in AA development than previously thought. Furthermore, mast cells, with their increased presence around hair follicles in the AA affected mouse skin and their ability to express granzyme B and FasL, are suggested as potential key players in the pathogenesis of AA. / Medicine, Faculty of / Medicine, Department of / Experimental Medicine, Division of / Graduate

No description available.

Background: Throughout human history infectious agents such as viruses have been one of the biggest threats to public health. One example of infectious agents that can cause severe malignant conditions in humans is the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). This virus has been researched for decades but still a lot of its potential malignant functions remain to be elucidated. Autoimmunity, and especially multiple sclerosis (MS), has been strongly associated to EBV infection for a long time but the exact mechanisms behind this relationship are still largely unknown. Aim: The main aim of this study was to investigate the evidence connecting an EBV-specific dysregulated immune response to MS. Methods: This paper is written as a systematic review examining the latest science within the studied field. PubMed was searched for articles published between 2010-2020. Results: In total 15 studies were reviewed. Five out of seven studies found an altered antibody response towards EBV in patients with MS, while one demonstrated somewhat mixed results and one could not support such a pattern. Seven out of eight studies found an altered T cell response towards EBV in MS patients, while one could only support such a trend. Conclusions: This review confirms that there is strong evidence for a dysregulated EBV-specific immune response in MS patients. Evidence for a causal relationship between the failure to control a reactivated EBV infection and the progression of disease is suggestive, but this needs to be confirmed by further studies.