Lean Manufacturing (LM) en la actualidad, es una de las metodologías de trabajo más aplicadas en las compañías que buscan eliminar los desperdicios de la operación, en base a la filosofía de mejora continua. Esto con el fin de que sus procesos internos se vuelvan más esbeltos y por ende más eficientes. En el presente estudio se podrá apreciar cómo un modelo de mejora basado en la combinación de algunas herramientas Lean tales como VSM, SMED y Manufactura celular, puede ser aplicado para optimizar las operaciones de una empresa de supermercados que produce panes a gran escala y de manera automatizada. Los panes son elaborados en una planta de producción de alimentos, para luego ser distribuidos a las distintas sedes del supermercado en donde se produce la venta final del producto. Algunos de los beneficios más relevantes que se identificaron después de la implementación de este modelo son el ahorro de costos de operación y distribución; así como el cumplimiento de la cuota de producción inicialmente planteada para la línea de panadería. / Lean Manufacturing (LM) is currently one of the most applied work methodologies in companies seeking to eliminate waste from the operation, based on the philosophy of continuous improvement. This in order that their internal processes become more slender and therefore more efficient. In the present study it will be appreciated how an improvement model based on the combination of some Lean tools such as VSM, SMED and Cellular Manufacturing, can be applied to optimize the operations of a supermarket company that produces bread on a large scale and in a automated. The breads are made in a food production plant, and then they are distributed to the different branches of the supermarket where the final sale of the product takes place. Some of the most relevant benefits that were identified after the implementation of this model are savings in operating and distribution costs; as well as the fulfillment of the production quota initially set for the bakery line. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

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由於少量多樣的生產趨勢，單元製造系統(Cellular Manufacturing Systems)已成為目前製造業的重點之一。在單元製造系統中，具有多種技能的員工是必備的條件，如何有效的配置人力策略即為本研究的重點。人力配置策略包含了指定式（由單一操作員負責某件工作）、共享式（由兩名或兩名以上操作員共同負責某件工作）及混合式人力配置策略（同時使用指定式和共享式兩種策略），其中，共享式和混合式的人力配置策略可稱為彈性人力配置策略。要使用彈性人力配置策略，需要有人力彈性(Labor Flexibility)。 　　所謂的人力彈性在單元製造系統可分為兩個方向：(1)單元間的人力彈性(Inter-Cell Labor Flexibility)，即不同單元間的轉換能力，(2)單元內的人力彈性(Intra-Cell Labor Flexibility)，即單元內不同工作間的轉換能力。本研究分為兩個主要部份，分別探討在單元間採用彈性人力配置策略和在單元內採用彈性人力配置策略對於工作量平衡程度、工作量共享程度和績效表現的影響。 　　根據研究結果，在單元內採用彈性的人力配置策略對於操作員間的工作量平衡和績效表現皆有直接且正向影響，但隨著操作員數目的減少，彈性的人力配置策略對於績效表現之影響減弱、甚至變為負向效果；在單元間採用彈性的人力配置策略之效果和在單元內採用彈性的人力配置策略相似，對操作員間的工作量平衡和績效表現亦有直接且正向影響，且隨著單元數增加，在單元間採用彈性的人力配置策略對績效表現的影響增強。本研究之結果可做為運用彈性的人力配置策略以及規劃交互訓練時的參考方向，並可用此架構來預測績效改變。 / The object of the research is to study agile labor assignments in cellular manufacturing systems by intra-cell and inter-cell operator’s mobility. There are three labor assignments strategies including dedicated (only one operator is responsible for a work), shared (two or more than two operators are responsible for a work), and combined assignment (using both of dedicated assignment and shared assignment). Different assignments lead to different workload balancing, workload sharing and performance. The research builds a simulate framework which includes operators’ moving rule, proposition of empirical study and index of workload balancing and workload sharing. According the result of research, applying intra-cell operator’s mobility can improve operator’s workload balancing and performance. Nevertheless, the relationship of intra-cell operator’s mobility and performance would decrease with decreasing of labor limited. The impact of inter-cell operator’s mobility is similar to intra-cell operator’s mobility, but it would increase with increase of complexity. The simulate framework which pass through the testing can use in an actual company case, provide a direction of how to use labor assignments, and forecast the impact of using agile labor assignment.

This master´s thesis describes the production process in Japanese enterprise Daikin Device Czech Republic s.r.o. with emphasis on the production schedule, equipment and manufacturing system with elements of lean production. According to the production process analysis at the given production line a new solution of the production process has been suggested to increase production efficiency. This conception has been implemented and compared to the production process before, as well as to the assumed production process after increasing the efficiency.