Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales) / No autorizada por el autor para ser publicada a texto completo / En este trabajo monográfico se mostrará cómo nuestros tribunales específicamente la Corte Suprema y las Cortes de Apelaciones han fallado conflictos referentes a demandas por despidos injustificados cuando la causal es motivada por contingencias relativas a la cuenta corriente personal de un trabajador bancario, en particular tratándose de protestos de cheque.

in English Securities with a focus of bills of exchange and promissory notes as important tools in business obligations The institute of securities accompanies the society for many centuries and has become an indispensable part of economic life. Although, with few exceptions represented apparently only by Slovak and Swiss legal order, there is no general definition of concept of security, it does not hinder to define its characteristics, which are the instrument, respectively any material substrate able to capture a written declaration of will and incorporated subjective property right originating in the private area. Of the above may be deduced the close connection between right and document, which is it's materialization. In connection with the development of social needs, especially in the area of trade, disadvantages of document that was originally considered as a necessary condition of the existence of a valid security, appeared. As a result, the process of dematerialisation of securities started and the document has been replaced by the entry in the register of securities. Nowadays, therefore, the securities may exist both in paper and in book entry form, what undoubtedly facilitate the implementation of some complicated business transactions. The presented thesis combines the interpretation...

Tesis (magister en derecho) / En el primer capítulo de este trabajo, y con el fin de introducirnos en el tema, se abordará la utilización de estos efectos de comercio para garantizar o facilitar el cumplimiento de obligaciones. Posteriormente, se plantearán los casos en que tales documentos pueden ser objeto de abuso por parte del beneficiario o tomador y, finalmente, se abordará la insuficiencia de la protección civil frente a tales abusos. En el capítulo segundo se analizará derechamente la eventual responsabilidad penal del tomador o beneficiario de letras de cambio, pagarés y cheques suscritos para garantizar o facilitar el cumplimiento de obligaciones, cuando utiliza abusivamente estos documentos, determinando si los casos de tales abusos -planteados en el capitulo primero- configuran los delitos de estafa, abuso de firma en blanco o apropiación indebida. Finalmente, en el capítulo tercero se abordará la necesidad y propuesta de un nuevo tipo penal frente a un eventual vacío legal en la protección punitiva del patrimonio. No es objetivo del presente trabajo arribar a soluciones definitivas, sino plantear la existencia del problema, destacar su relevancia jurídico penal y delinear sus posibles soluciones. Si tan solo se obtiene que dicho problema sea discutido y analizado, se habrá cumplido con el objetivo de esta tesis

The aim of this text is to describe questions of securities in the Czech republic. Characteristics of individual kinds of the securities and their dividing are mentioned here. My attention is mainly addressed to stocks, obligations, bills of exchange and cheques. Farther I am engaged in accounting of the securities and their evaluation to balancing day. There are specific accounting examples of particular securities in the end. Also I talk about financial crisis and its impact on the securities.

The paper is an attempt to deal with the non-transferable cheque. Three questions have been addressed: (a) Whether sections 58, 79 and 83 apply to non-transferable cheques; (b) whether the non-transferability of a cheque implies only that a cambial transfer is excluded, but transfer by means of a ordinary cession is still possible; (c) whether the collecting and drawee banks can be held liable for damages to the owner of a non-transferable cheque. (a) It is clear that section 58 does not apply to non-transferable cheques. After the decision in Eskom, it is also clear that section 79 does apply to such cheques. Regarding the applicability of section 83 to non-transferable cheques, there is uncertainty. (b) Whether the rights arising from a non-transferable cheque can be transferred by means of an ordinary cession, it is not yet clear. (c) That a collecting bank can be held delictually liable under the extended lex Aquilia was decided in lndac Electronics. By way of analogy, the same applies to a drawee bank acting negligently. / Mercantile Law / LL.M.

The paper is an attempt to deal with the non-transferable cheque. Three questions have been addressed: (a) Whether sections 58, 79 and 83 apply to non-transferable cheques; (b) whether the non-transferability of a cheque implies only that a cambial transfer is excluded, but transfer by means of a ordinary cession is still possible; (c) whether the collecting and drawee banks can be held liable for damages to the owner of a non-transferable cheque. (a) It is clear that section 58 does not apply to non-transferable cheques. After the decision in Eskom, it is also clear that section 79 does apply to such cheques. Regarding the applicability of section 83 to non-transferable cheques, there is uncertainty. (b) Whether the rights arising from a non-transferable cheque can be transferred by means of an ordinary cession, it is not yet clear. (c) That a collecting bank can be held delictually liable under the extended lex Aquilia was decided in lndac Electronics. By way of analogy, the same applies to a drawee bank acting negligently. / Mercantile Law / LL.M.

The aim of my diploma work is to indicate the problems of cash and noncash payments. I aimed at the comparison of various types of payment instruments and domestic and foreign payment systems. I compare their advantages and disadvantages from the view of the bank and especially from the view of the corporate client. Concrete examples and recommendations are described in the part of the diploma work named Assessment of payment instruments in selected banks. I compare them among three banks - Volksbank CZ, a. s., Oberbank AG Czech Republic and Raiffeisenbank a. s.. In the diploma work I also describe actual trends and new possibilities of using payment cards and direct banking.