This study retrofitted a Diagnostic Classification Model (DCM) known as the Fusion model onto non-diagnostic test data from of the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project (UCSMP) Algebra and Geometry Readiness test post-test used with Transition Mathematics (Third Edition, Field-Trial Version). The test contained 24 multiple-choice middle school math items, and was originally given to 95 advanced 6th grade and 293 7th grade students. The use of these test answers for this study was an attempt to show that by using cognitive diagnostic analysis techniques on test items not constructed for that purpose, highly predictable multidimensional cognitive attribute profiles for each test taker could be obtained. These profiles delineated whether a given test taker was a master or non-master for each attribute measured by the test, thus allowing detailed diagnostic feedback to be disseminated to both the test takers and their teachers. The full version of the non-compensatory Fusion model, specifically, along with the Arpeggio software package, was used to estimate test taker profiles on each of the four cognitive attributes found to be intrinsic to the items on this test, because it handled both slips and guesses by test takers and accounted for residual skills not defined by the four attributes and twenty-four items in the Q-matrix. The attributes, one or more of which was needed to correctly answer an item, were defined as: Skills— those procedures that students should master with fluency; e.g., multiplying positive and negative numbers; Properties—which deal with the principles underlying the mathematics concepts being studied, such as being able to recognize and use the Repeated-Addition Property of Multiplication; Uses—which deal with applications of mathematics in real situations ranging from routine "word problems" to the development and use of mathematical models, like finding unknowns in real situations involving multiplication; and, Representations—which deal with pictures, graphs, or objects that illustrate concepts. Ultimately, a Q-matrix was developed from the rating of four content experts, with the attributes needed to answer each item clearly delineated. A validation of this Q-matrix was obtained from the Fusion model Arpeggio application to the data as test taker profiles showed which attributes were mastered by each test taker and which weren’t. Masters of the attributes needed to be acquired to successfully answer a test item had a proportion-correct difference from non-masters of .44, on average. Regression analysis produced an R-squared of .89 for the prediction of total scores on the test items by the attribute mastery probabilities obtained from the Fusion model with the final Q-matrix. Limitations of the study are discussed, along with reasons for the significance of the study.

The international air transportation industry has historically been a paradox. While the industry enables globalization, historically, the international air transportation regulatory regime has been largely mired in protectionism. This restrictive regime was developed by national actors, who either owned or heavily subsidized their domestic carriers, and guarded their interests very closely, thus insulating the industry from large levels of foreign competition. This paradox of international air transportation continued until the development of convergence in regulatory policy through the 2007 ‘open skies-plus’ air transportation agreement between the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). This thesis examines the developmental process of this agreement as an examination of policy convergence theory, in order identify the explanatory powers leading to the formation of the ‘open skies-plus’ agreement. To identify the explanatory powers, a comparative analysis is established, using two historical reference points, t(0) and t(1), as case studies. This thesis uses two mechanisms for the development of policy convergence, international harmonization and regulatory competition, to identify why the convergence took place at this specific time and why it was set at this specific level of regulation. Using these mechanisms, the 2002 European Court of Justice (ECJ) ‘open skies’ ruling is identified as the explanatory power for the convergence of policy in this field, and the precedent set by the previous bilateral agreement between the US and the Netherlands is identified as establishing the standards of regulation in the 2007 ‘open skies-plus’ agreement. The thesis concludes with an examination of the prospects for further liberalization of transatlantic air transportation, as well as recommendations for the continued development of the field.

Depuis plusieurs années, les villes des pays développés connaissent de nombreuses transformations et changements, tels qu'une dégradation plus marquée de l'environnement physique (infrastructures, logements...), un déplacement de la population du centre-ville vers les périphéries, le tout souvent jumelé avec des problèmes de discrimination et d'exclusion sociale envers les minorités ethniques. Le phénomène de désindustrialisation, serait la principale cause de ces changements (Sacqué et al. 2003 ; McGregor et McConnachie, 1995 ; McCarthy, 1998) Les conséquences de la migration de la population sont d'ailleurs plus visibles dans les villes nord-américaines, que dans celles européennes. Pour répondre à ces multiples défis, les autorités municipales ont désormais le choix entre plusieurs politiques publiques municipales : la réhabilitation, la rénovation ou encore la revitalisation urbaine, comme le décrivent Sacqué (2006) ou encore Séguin et Divay (2004). Ces différents modes d'interventions prônent la lutte contre la pauvreté, dans les quartiers déshérités de plusieurs villes, mais la stratégie de revitalisation urbaine aborde le problème plus en profondeur, puisqu'elle y ajoute l'intégration de la communauté. Alors que bon nombre de quartiers détériorés et en crise, ont été le lieu de luttes urbaines ou de ségrégation sociale et ethnique (Massey et Denton, 1995 et Body-Gendrot, 1997), aucune démarche n'avait été menée en faveur de l'intégration de la population locale et des organisations communautaires, dans ces programmes et politiques publiques. Désormais, l'intégration et la participation de la communauté locale, est une priorité dans les projets de revitalisation urbaine, au même titre que l'amélioration du cadre de vie ou la création d'emplois (Aigner et al. 1999 ; Gittell, 2001 et Senécal et al. 2002). Ce mémoire a pour principal objectif d'étudier un exemple de projet de revitalisation urbaine intégrée (RUI), développé dans la métropole montréalaise, au cours des années 2000, celui de Laurentien-Grenet. Nous étudions aussi l'un des projets du programme fédéral d'Empowerment Zones (EZ), à savoir celui de la ville de Chicago mis en place entre 1994 et 2004, à titre de point de repère pour notre analyse de l'exemple montréalais. La méthodologie utilisée repose principalement sur la réalisation d'entrevues semi-dirigées, avec des acteurs locaux (intervenants-clés et résidants) impliqués dans le projet de RUI Laurentien-Grenet et aussi sur l'analyse de diverses sources documentaires. Bien que les deux projets de revitalisation urbaine, visent les mêmes objectifs, les premières conclusions nous montrent certaines différences, surtout à propos de la mobilisation et l'implication des acteurs locaux, qui semble tenir compte de certaines particularités locales (comme par exemple la ségrégation sociale et ethnique). ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : revitalisation urbaine, empowerment zone, implication des résidants, ségrégation sociale et ethnique, Montréal, Chicago

Thesis (D. Min.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2002. / Vita. Includes abstract. Appendix: A ritual of group grieving -- Kairos: a ritual honoring common ground -- Rite for completion of reconciliation of groups -- Rite of reconciliation: a day of atonement -- Reconciliation rite for impasse -- Rituals of transition: a week of farewell for parish closure -- Rite of leavetaking of a church -- Rites for inauguration of a newly consolidated parish -- Rites of reception and memorial of the closed parish with a blessing of the foundation stone ... Includes bibliographical references (leaves 323-337).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Northern Baptist Theological Seminary, Lombard, Ill., 2002. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-132).

Built in 1880, George Pullman's railroad car manufacturing town was intended to be a model of industrial order. This Gilded Age capitalist's ideal image of working class women is reflected in the publicly prescribed place for women in the community and the company's provisions for female employment in the shops. Pullman wanted women to establish the town's domestic tranquility by cultivating a middle class environment, which he believed was a key to keeping the working class content. Throughout the course of the idealized communitarian experiment, however, Pullman's policies and prescriptions changed to meet the needs of working class families who depended on the wages of women. This paper will study the ideologies and realities surrounding women in nineteenth century Pullman.

Between 1915 and 1940, millions of African Americans migrated from the South to cities in the North. “Recovering Green in Bronzeville” examines the ways in which these migrants experienced, perceived, talked about, valued, and shaped these natural and landscaped environments in the interwar years. Taking Chicago as its focal point, this dissertation argues that not only should African Americans be central to narratives of environment and place in the early twentieth century, but also that natural and landscaped environments are central to African American culture. The dissertation’s first part compares and contrasts the environmental resonance of lives left behind in the South with those established in Chicago, particularly with regards to foodways and labor. It asserts that while many African Americans had already become integrated into national industrial networks prior to migration, residence in even the most urban southern city could not have prepared them for Chicago’s densely populated South Side. The dissertation’s second part explores the significance of African American experiences with both urban and rural natural and landscaped environments from roughly 1915 to 1929. It shows how African Americans joined a chorus of late Progressive Era Americans who saw these environments as an antidote to modern city life that produced ill health and delinquency, as well as how race – through the discourses of respectability, uplift, and primitivism – uniquely inflected their approaches to those places. Primarily grounding its analysis in a few specific sites – Chicago’s Washington Park; Idlewild, an African American resort in rural Michigan; and Camp Wabash, a YMCA youth camp in rural Michigan – it also reveals black Chicagoans as a mobile population that regularly accessed the rural North. The dissertation’s third part considers how African Americans’ connections to these same environments evolved during the Depression, adding an analysis of segregated African American Civilian Conservation Corps companies which, with the labor of black Chicagoans, radically altered the landscapes of rural Illinois and Michigan. On the whole, African Americans focused on building communities in natural and landscaped environments separate from whites in a cultural context defined by widespread poverty, New Deal-era politics and agencies, increasing segregation, and diminished migration.

The international air transportation industry has historically been a paradox. While the industry enables globalization, historically, the international air transportation regulatory regime has been largely mired in protectionism. This restrictive regime was developed by national actors, who either owned or heavily subsidized their domestic carriers, and guarded their interests very closely, thus insulating the industry from large levels of foreign competition. This paradox of international air transportation continued until the development of convergence in regulatory policy through the 2007 ‘open skies-plus’ air transportation agreement between the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). This thesis examines the developmental process of this agreement as an examination of policy convergence theory, in order identify the explanatory powers leading to the formation of the ‘open skies-plus’ agreement. To identify the explanatory powers, a comparative analysis is established, using two historical reference points, t(0) and t(1), as case studies. This thesis uses two mechanisms for the development of policy convergence, international harmonization and regulatory competition, to identify why the convergence took place at this specific time and why it was set at this specific level of regulation. Using these mechanisms, the 2002 European Court of Justice (ECJ) ‘open skies’ ruling is identified as the explanatory power for the convergence of policy in this field, and the precedent set by the previous bilateral agreement between the US and the Netherlands is identified as establishing the standards of regulation in the 2007 ‘open skies-plus’ agreement. The thesis concludes with an examination of the prospects for further liberalization of transatlantic air transportation, as well as recommendations for the continued development of the field.

Access to abstract restricted until 05/2015. / Access to thesis restricted until 05/2015. / Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

The tall office building is a uniquely American invention, designed to meet the demands of industry and commerce. The technical and architectural achievements of the Chicago school of architecture marked the beginning of a new style of architecture for commercial buildings.The creative vitality that was so prevalent in Chicago was felt throughout the Midwest. Chicago style structures in a selected number of Midwestern cities are examined in the context of this thesis and these structures are promoted as historically significant to their locales and as a body of work in general. The purpose of this thesis is to document these structures and to discern the possible reasons for the dissemination of the Chicago school of architecture in the Midwest. / Department of Architecture