[pt] Este trabalho propõe uma abordagem inovadora para o ensino dos fundamentos da Geometria Analítica aos professores dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, utilizando a dança como meio. Inicia-se com a apresentação da história da dança, seguida de uma reflexão sobre as contribuições das atividades físicas em geral para as atividades cognitivas, sob a perspectiva da Neurociência, convidando o docente a considerar métodos que incorporem o movimento ao ensino na realização de uma prática diferenciada, lúdica e atrativa. A construção da base teórica para essa proposta é fundamentada em autores renomados, como Vygotsky, Piaget, Ausubel e Montessori. Em seguida, é apresentado um breve estudo da Geometria Analítica, abordando sua origem histórica, aplicações atuais e conceitos fundamentais. A análise dos documentos curriculares oficiais revela que esse ramo da matemática, embora muitas vezes negligenciado, deve ser introduzido já na primeira série do Ensino Fundamental, prevenindo assim dificuldades em etapas posteriores. Por fim, o trabalho oferece sugestões práticas para a implementação das ideias apresentadas, visando enriquecer o processo de aprendizagem e tornar o ensino da Geometria Analítica mais acessível e envolvente para os alunos desde o início de sua trajetória escolar. / [en] This work proposes an innovative approach to teaching the fundamentals of Analytical Geometry to teachers in the Early Years of Elementary School, using dance as a medium. It begins with the presentation of the history of dance, followed by a reflection on the contributions of physical activities in general tocognitive activities, from the perspective of Neuroscience, inviting the teacher to consider methods that incorporate movement into teaching when carrying out a dance. differentiated, playful and attractive practice. The construction of the theoretical basis for this proposal is based on renowned authors, such as Vygotsky,Piaget, Ausubel and Montessori. Next, a brief study of Analytical Geometry is presented, covering its historical origin, current applications and fundamental concepts. Analysis of official curriculum documents reveals that this branch of mathematics, although often neglected, should be introduced in the first year of elementary school, thus preventing difficulties in later stages. Finally, the workoffers practical suggestions for implementing the ideas presented, aiming to enrich the learning process and make the teaching of Analytical Geometry more accessible and engaging for students from the beginning of their school career.

Contesting international strategies for combatting child labour that derive from modern, Western conceptions of childhood, several developing country organizations have embraced the principle of child protagonism by declaring that working children can become the leading agents in struggles to advance their interests when they are mentored in forming their own independent organizations. This thesis first explores how an African NGO, informed by its urban animation experiences, developed its own specific discourse of child protagonism and employed it as the basis for establishing an African working children’s organization designed to provide compensatory literacy and skills training and to empower members to improve their own and other children’s working conditions. The thesis considers this foundational child protagonism discourse in light of data collected in Senegal by means of participant observation and interviews in grassroots groups and associations of working children, as well as in the offices of both the local NGO and its international NGO donor. Fieldwork revealed limitations of the specific child protagonism practice pursued over the past two decades. Specifically, redirecting resources from direct pedagogical accompaniment of grassroots working child groups towards bureaucratic capacity building for the “autonomization” of higher hierarchical levels of the organization, as well as towards international meetings, has resulted in the organization’s diminished impact for vulnerable groups in Dakar, particularly migrant girl domestic workers. Deepening implication with international donors has forced shifts in the priorities of the local NGO and the working children’s organization it facilitates, yet the two have been largely successful in buffering donor probes precisely into the ground level effectiveness of their child protagonism strategy. No previous independent research has sought to confront the discourse of child protagonism with a comprehensive examination of a working children’s organization’s practice, from its most local processes to its international dimensions and donor relations.

Contesting international strategies for combatting child labour that derive from modern, Western conceptions of childhood, several developing country organizations have embraced the principle of child protagonism by declaring that working children can become the leading agents in struggles to advance their interests when they are mentored in forming their own independent organizations. This thesis first explores how an African NGO, informed by its urban animation experiences, developed its own specific discourse of child protagonism and employed it as the basis for establishing an African working children’s organization designed to provide compensatory literacy and skills training and to empower members to improve their own and other children’s working conditions. The thesis considers this foundational child protagonism discourse in light of data collected in Senegal by means of participant observation and interviews in grassroots groups and associations of working children, as well as in the offices of both the local NGO and its international NGO donor. Fieldwork revealed limitations of the specific child protagonism practice pursued over the past two decades. Specifically, redirecting resources from direct pedagogical accompaniment of grassroots working child groups towards bureaucratic capacity building for the “autonomization” of higher hierarchical levels of the organization, as well as towards international meetings, has resulted in the organization’s diminished impact for vulnerable groups in Dakar, particularly migrant girl domestic workers. Deepening implication with international donors has forced shifts in the priorities of the local NGO and the working children’s organization it facilitates, yet the two have been largely successful in buffering donor probes precisely into the ground level effectiveness of their child protagonism strategy. No previous independent research has sought to confront the discourse of child protagonism with a comprehensive examination of a working children’s organization’s practice, from its most local processes to its international dimensions and donor relations.

Contesting international strategies for combatting child labour that derive from modern, Western conceptions of childhood, several developing country organizations have embraced the principle of child protagonism by declaring that working children can become the leading agents in struggles to advance their interests when they are mentored in forming their own independent organizations. This thesis first explores how an African NGO, informed by its urban animation experiences, developed its own specific discourse of child protagonism and employed it as the basis for establishing an African working children’s organization designed to provide compensatory literacy and skills training and to empower members to improve their own and other children’s working conditions. The thesis considers this foundational child protagonism discourse in light of data collected in Senegal by means of participant observation and interviews in grassroots groups and associations of working children, as well as in the offices of both the local NGO and its international NGO donor. Fieldwork revealed limitations of the specific child protagonism practice pursued over the past two decades. Specifically, redirecting resources from direct pedagogical accompaniment of grassroots working child groups towards bureaucratic capacity building for the “autonomization” of higher hierarchical levels of the organization, as well as towards international meetings, has resulted in the organization’s diminished impact for vulnerable groups in Dakar, particularly migrant girl domestic workers. Deepening implication with international donors has forced shifts in the priorities of the local NGO and the working children’s organization it facilitates, yet the two have been largely successful in buffering donor probes precisely into the ground level effectiveness of their child protagonism strategy. No previous independent research has sought to confront the discourse of child protagonism with a comprehensive examination of a working children’s organization’s practice, from its most local processes to its international dimensions and donor relations.