Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1993. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [60]-61).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1962. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.E.)--University of Canterbury, 2009. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leave 107-112).

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-86). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-07-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:39:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_mc_me_sjrp.pdf: 400076 bytes, checksum: 0e0315e86bf7cc07d008613711a97bad (MD5) / O mercado de chips e snacks, particularmente àqueles obtidos de matéria-primas ricas em amido como banana, mandioca e mandioquinha-salsa, embora não suprem as necessidades diárias do indivíduo, vem ocupando um espaço cada vez maior, especialmente nos centros urbanos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição nutricional, o perfil de ácidos graxos e as informações nutricionais dos rótulos das amostras de batatas chips e de snacks extrusados. Foram coletadas 10 amostras de batatas chips e 10 amostras de snacks extrusados, obtidas de três lotes diferentes. A análise nutricional, realizada pelos métodos oficiais, constou das determinações de umidade, proteínas, lipídios, cinzas, carboidratos totais, valor energético e sódio, calculado a partir do cloreto de sódio. O perfil de ácidos graxos obtido por cromatografia gasosa, sendo os picos identificados por tempos de retenção com padrões de ésteres metílicos e os resultados calculados e expressos g/100g da amostra. As informações nutricionais dos rótulos de ambos os produtos foram avaliados de acordo com as Resoluções RDC 359/03 e RDC 360/03. análise estatísticas dos resultados indicou que as interações entre marcas e lotes foram significativas para todas as determinações da composição nutricional, tanto as batatas chips como para os snacks extrusados. Os teores de sódio encontrados oscilaram entre 120 a 688 mg/100g para as batatas chips e 372 a 1.328 100g para os snacks extrusados. Os perfis de ácidos graxos determinados nas batatas chips e nos snacks extrusados provenientes de diferentes marcas foram, em média, 39,28 e 22,36% para ácidos graxos saturados, 39,75 e 10,69% para monoinsaturados, 18,62 e 38,18% para poliinsaturados e, 2,34 e 28,78% para trans, respectivamente. Quanto as informações nutricionais dos rótulos, os erros relacionados aos itens obrigatórios mais encontrados... / Junk foods like chips and snacks, which are starches’ sources of raw material, for example, banana, cassava and mandioquinha-salsa, don’t enhance the daily necessity of diary’s individuals, but are lots of consume in large urban centre. The aim of this study was evaluate the nutritional composition, the profile of fatty acids and the label information of samples of potato chips and extruded snacks. It was collected 10 samples of potato chips and extruded snacks from 10 samples, obtained from three different batches. The nutritional analysis was determined by official methods consisted of the determination of moisture, proteins, lipids, ash, total carbohydrates and energy. The analysis of sodium was performed using the determination of sodium chloride. The profile of fatty acids was obtained by gas chromatography and the peaks identified by retention time with standards of methyl esters and the results calculated and expressed as g/100g of the sample. The labels information of both of the products was evaluated according to the DRC 359/03 and 360/03 Resolutions. The statistics’ analysis of the results indicated that the interactions between brands and batches were significant for all determinations of nutritional composition, as for potato chips as for extruded snacks. The sodium levels ranged from 120 to 688 mg/100g for potato chips and from 372 to 1328 mg/100g for extruded snacks. The profiles of fatty acids presented by the potato chips and extruded snacks from different brands were on average 39.28 and 22.36% for saturated fatty acids, 39.75 and 10.69% for monounsaturated, 18.62 and 38.18% for polyunsaturated, and 2.34 and 28.78% for trans, respectively. As label information, the mistakes (errors) related to the compulsory items were on the conversion to kJ, compulsory declaration and declaration of nutrients per serving, for both products. As for the mistakes (errors)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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This research examined Whole-Tree-Chip cleaning methods applicable to field operations in Pinus taeda L. (Loblolly pine) on the coastal plain of South Carolina. Objectives were: 1) to examine current and potential cleaning methods, and 2) develop and test two cleaning approaches suggested by past research. An open top chip van was modified to: a) determine the dispersion and composition of whole-tree-chip fractions by the installation of sampling buckets and floor pans and b) provide a platform for testing two cleaning systems. System one consisted of anti-clogging screens which pre-screened chips as they were discharged at the mill. It also allowed floor pans to sample the load for fines. System two utilized a radial blade blower which altered chip stream composition during loading by the Whole-Tree-Chipper. Eight trials were conducted over a six month period using a Morbark 22 chipper. Results indicated floor screens could have been more effectively positioned at the chip dump. As installed, and pin they successfully removed 1% of the load in fines chips. The best chip stream treatment involved double deflection: first from a vacuum assisted primary screen located in the van roof, and then from a passive screen located below and behind the first. This design reduced bark and fines by one-third. / Master of Science

The vascular system, responsible for the transport of nutrients, oxygen, and waste removal, overcomes the limitations of oxygen diffusion in solid tissues through blood perfusion, thereby preventing necrosis. The mechanical stimuli from blood flow are pivotal for vascular development and engineering, influencing endothelial cell morphology and vessel remodeling via mechanosensing. Current organ-on-chip systems, while successful in applying dynamic flow to endothelial cells, have limitations, including dependency on pumps and confinement to closed microfluidic channels. Additionally, the interaction between immune cells and these systems under long-term recirculating flow conditions has not been adequately demonstrated. This thesis introduces a novel biofabrication and device manufacturing technique that utilizes a flexible, patternable sacrificial material on a 2D surface. This material morphs in response to an aqueous hydrogel and then degrades, forming perfusable vascular networks within a natural hydrogel matrix. We achieved perfusion using a rocker mechanism that periodically changes tilt direction, while the open-well design facilitates the visualization of perfusable tubular tissues via clinical ultrasound imaging and the construction of complex, vascularized hepatic tissues embedded in gel matrices (Chapter 2). To mimic the unidirectional recirculating flow characteristic of blood vessels, we created the UniPlate platform, combining injection molding with 3D printing (Chapter 3). This innovation allows for the perfusion and recirculation of monocytes through vascular channels without compromising cell viability or eliciting an inflammatory response. Furthermore, by integrating cancer spheroids into the vascular tissues on UniPlate, we developed a vascularized cancer spheroid model that exhibited temporally dependent and tissue-specific macrophage recruitment toward tumor sites with continuous monocyte recirculation (Chapter 4). Collectively, this series of research work introduces a versatile and robust platform capable of replicating vascular functions and immune responses, offering a substantial advancement in the investigation of vascular biology and the mechanism of disease progression. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Vascular networks of the circulatory system are crucial organs in the body, determining the life and death of tissues and organisms by distributing nutrients and oxygen throughout the body. Dysfunction in blood vessel systems is closely related to clinical diseases such as stroke, atherosclerosis, tumor angiogenesis, and cancer metastasis. Mechanical stimuli in blood vessels play a crucial role in regulating the structure and function of endothelial cells during in vivo embryonic development and in vitro vascular tissue formation. Understanding and mimicking the complex environment of blood vessels is vital for studying diseases related to endothelial dysfunction. In this thesis, we introduce a novel subtractive manufacturing method to create three-dimensional (3D) perfusable tubular tissues within a hydrogel. Unidirectional recirculating flow, stromal cells and spheroids, as well as circulating immune cells, were then introduced to the engineered vascular tissues to develop more complex tissue models. These models reproduce the cell diversity, 3D structure, mechanical stimuli, and immune components found in the native tissue microenvironment, providing a valuable tool for the study of vascular diseases and the development of potential treatments.