Previous literature on the life and music of the Brazilian composer Francisca Edwiges Neves Gonzaga (1847-1935) reveals her as a historical figure of cultural and musical significance. Her contributions to society include political leadership in Brazilian campaigns for the abolition of slavery and artistic copyright. She also became the first female conductor in Brazil and shaped the music of Carnaval as it is known today in Brazil. However, her music is not well-known outside of Brazil, and her piano music has not received the attention that it merits. In addition to a closer look at her compositions for piano, this monograph offers biographical and musical details of Gonzaga’s unique career, including her role as a female composer amidst a patriarchal society; her pioneering synthesis of traditional Brazilian and European classical style, and a discussion of her place among her better-known Brazilian contemporaries, Ernesto Nazareth and Heitor Villa-Lobos. The last chapter presents interviews with living musicians—a pianist, a traditional folk artist and a musicologist—who have each continued the traditions of Gonzaga’s music to the present day. / Music Performance

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T17:06:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigo.pdf: 22044308 bytes, checksum: f239f6a8e87c8f74557b261a473ead1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation investigates samba, as music, in Rio de Janeiro during the initial period in its consolidation as a national symbol the first decades of the 20th century in order to analyze the role of women in this process. There is a gap in the literature concerning the female subject as significant to the constitution of this national cultural expression, which has led researchers to represent samba as an essentially male sphere. The initial focus was on Pequena África do Rio de Janeiro , which was the context considered by most authors as the main scenario where samba could professedly find a fertile ground for its development as a typically Brazilian musical genre and as a symbol for national identity. In that place, I have established the presence of actual musicians such as Ciata, Perciliana, Carmem do Ximbuca, Maria Adamastor, Amélia Aragão, women known as Tias Baianas , who are usually considered to be only protectors and supporters of samba. Secondly, I have examined the role of women in samba in other segments of Rio de Janeiro society, focusing especially on musical theater. For samba to be established as a symbol for national identity, I start from the assumption that various aspects of samba culture had to be reinvented, including gendered ones. This gender reconfiguration is deeply related to the exaltation of the traditionally Brazilian myth of racial democracy and miscegenation, in which the invention of the mulatta has emerged as a key element for strengthening the dialogue between samba and the burgeoning entertainment industry that was forming around musical theater / Esta investigação lança‐se sobre o samba da cidade do Rio de Janeiro no período preliminar à sua consolidação como símbolo nacional primeiras décadas do século XX de modo a analisar a atuação das mulheres neste processo. A literatura apresenta escassas informações que apontem a figura feminina como sujeito importante para a constituição desta manifestação cultural, o que tem conduzido pesquisadores a apresentar o samba como um espaço essencialmente masculino. O foco inicial foi a Pequena África do Rio de Janeiro , contexto tomado pela maioria dos pesquisadores como o principal ambiente onde o samba teria encontrado um terreno propício para seu desenvolvimento enquanto gênero musical característico da cultura brasileira e símbolo da identidade nacional. Identifiquei neste reduto a presença de musicistas como Ciata, Perciliana, Carmem do Ximbuca, Maria Adamastor, Amélia Aragão, mulheres conhecidas como Tias Baianas , comumente apresentadas apenas como protetoras e acolhedoras do samba. Num segundo momento, examinei a participação das mulheres em outros segmentos da sociedade carioca, tendo como recorte principal o samba no teatro musicado. Parto do princípio que para o samba se estabelecer como símbolo da identidade nacional diversos aspectos da cultura do samba foram reinventados, inclusive no campo das relações de gênero. Esta reinvenção nas relações de gênero se efetuou através da celebração do mito da mestiçagem e da democracia racial, onde a invenção da mulata emergiu como elemento essencial para o fortalecimento do diálogo entre o samba e a incipiente indústria do entretenimento que se formava em torno do teatro musicado