The diploma thesis deals with the emotional experience of patients with chronic renal failure. It aims to explore positive and negative emotional experiences, the presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, the degree of anger and alexithymia in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. The theoretical part summarizes previously published theoretical knowledge in this area and the empirical part describes the statistical measurement and comparison of selected variables of emotional experience in the research sample. The theoretical part is divided into 4 chapters, the first of them deals with the medical aspects of chronic renal failure and its treatment. The second chapter deals with the coping with illness, defines psychological aspects of chronic disease and describes the patient's subjective perception of the disease and attitudes towards the disease. The third chapter summarizes the definitions of emotions and emotional experience and defines the most respected theories of emotion. The fourth chapter describes the emotional experiences of illness, factors affecting the emotional experience of illness and deals with depression, anxiety, anger and alexithymia, at the end focuses on current research in this area. The empirical part is devoted to the empirical investigation of...

Name of the thesis: Testing of motor performance of high school students in Kadaň and their relationship to physical activities Objectives of the thesis: The objective of the thesis is to analyze the level of basic motor performance of high school students in Kadaň and find out their relationship to physical activities Method: This thesis is processed in the form of empirical quantitative research. The research is realized in the type of environment where is possible to eliminate influences of external environment, that is in a gym. The research subject were students of two chosen high schools, both male and female. Of the total number of 232 students, 143 were female and 89 male aged 15-17. To find out the level of motor performance of the students the test battery UNIFITTEST (6-60) was used. To gather information about the relationship of students to physical activities and competitiveness, a short poll of eight items was made. These were focused on the gathering of basic anamnestic data like name and surname, date of birth, the name of the school they attend to and grade in physical education. Furthermore, it was important to find out if and how often the student takes part in physical activity in his or her free time. Specifically, these questions were divided into involvement of a student in a...

The aim of this diploma thesis was to assess the current knowledge of the pupils of 8th and 9th grades of primary schools about selected chronical non-infectious diseases (known as civilisation diseases). The pupils of rural and urban types of primary schools have taken part in the questionnaire survey. The theoretical part is focused on the characteristics of selected diseases, their causes and prevention. In the practical part, the results of the survey are processed and evaluated.

Plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are a strong and independent predictor of prognosis in patients with advanced heart failure (CHF). However, the importance of this biomarker has been documented only in CHF of common causes such as dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy. We hypothesized that BNP can serve as a strong predictor of end-stage CHF in group of patients with advanced CHF due to congenital heart disease (CHD) with the right ventricle in systemic position (SRV). The second hypothesis was that BNP monitoring in patients with implanted left ventricular assist device (LVAD) Heart Mate II could detect serious complications which negatively affect prognosis. We performed a retrospective analysis in 28 consecutive patients with severe systolic dysfunction of the SRV (ejection fraction 23 ± 6%) evaluated as heart transplant (HTx) candidates between May 2007 and October 2014. During a median follow-up of 29 months (interquartile range, 9-50), 14 pts reached primary endpoints of the study (death, urgent HTx, and LVAD implantation). We have considered these events equivalent to end-stage CHF. Using ROC analysis, we identified the first measured value of BNP as the strongest predictor of prognosis with the area under the curve (AUC) of 1.00, followed by the New York Heart Association...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a life-threating disease which arises as a frequent consequence of diabetes and hypertension. Since it is going on silently, CKD often progresses to the end-stage renal disease. It is therefore necessary to combat this disease especially due to the fact that the world population is growing old. The aim of this work was to determine the contribution of selected vasoactive systems contributing to the maintenance of high blood pressure in the developmental and established phase of CKD. Two models of CKD were used: 5/6 nephrectomy in Ren-2 transgenic rats (TGR) and stenosis of renal artery (2K1C) in Wistar rats. We demonstrated that renin-angiotensin system does not play so important role in blood pressure maintenance in both CKD models. By contrast, a more important role has sympathetic nervous system. During both the developmental and established phase of CKD, vasoconstrictor systems prevail above vasodilator NO-synthase effects. In fact, the role of NO-dependent vasodilation gradually decreased in nephrectomized TGR rats, while it was unchanged in Wistar rats with 2K1C hypertension.

The diploma thesis deals with the attitude of parents and teachers of pupils with chronic diseases in the attenuation of compulsory school attendance at the 1st stage of ordinary primary school. The objective of the work is to identify the problems that parents and teachers of chronically ill students encounter during the educational process. From this basis, the purpose is also to find the basis for the best possible cooperation between parents and teachers. The theoretical idea is represented by individual chronic diseases, namely asthma, cystic fibrosis, pediatric oncological diseases, type 1 diabetes mellitus and epilepsy. In addition, the legislative framework for the education of pupils with these diseases, the methodology of working with pupils with chronic diseases and a search of domestic and foreign research conducted on a similar topic are addressed. The methodological part is devoted to qualitative research, the main goal of which is to find out the attitudes of teachers and parents to the educational process of pupils suffering from the above diseases. Using a questionnaire survey and a semi-structured interview, it is ascertained what are the attitudes of parents and teachers towards the education of pupils with the above-mentioned types of chronic diseases in ordinary primary school....

This thesis called 'Socio-Pedagogical Assistance to Partially-Autonomous Patients and to Their Families" (as conducted at GARC Kladno, s.r.o.). aims to map the health and social situation of partially-autonomous patients (hereafter PAP) as a result of a chronic condition, a disability or geriatric conditions in the context of their actual living environment. The theoretical part deals with health and social challenges confronted by PAP focusing on social and individual rehabilitation in conducting daily life. It is divided into five parts. Part One describes health issues faced by PAP with emphasis on particular issues which affect this group. Part Two defines the basic terminology of disability and autonomy.Through work experience it was possible to provide first-hand observation of particular issues which affect this group, e.g. physical disability as a factor limiting autonomy. Both subjective and objective observations of this group can weigh heavily on the value of the outcome. Part Three places PAP in his environment and at the same time evaluates the role of the family members and various services available to PAP under the Social Services Act No. 108/2008 Coll. Part Four looks into rehabilitation services available to PAP and other assistance available to them. Particular methodologies...

Aims: 1. Determination of AGEs (Advanced Glycation End products) in patients with various types of nephropathy. 2. Association AGEs with nutritional parameters and anemia. 3. Influence of renal parameters on sRAGE (soluble form of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products) levels. 4. Technics and proceeding methods of the podocytes cultivation. 5. Determination of urine podocytes. Methods: We determined fluorescent AGEs by spectrofluorometry, sRAGE by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). Podocytes were passaged and identified immunocytochemically. Podocytes in urine were specified by flow cytometry method. Results: 1. We did not find significant differences in AGEs serum levels among various types of nephropathy, even though the pathogenesis differs. 2. The albumin and prealbumin levels positively and haemoglobin levels negatively correlate with AGEs in patients with CKD grade 1-5, without necessity of dialysis. 3. Serum sRAGE levels are increased in patients with decreased renal function independently on the course of renal disease. 4. We implemented the methods and technics of podocyte cultivation. 5. Urine podocytes observation and confirmation that podocyturia relates to disease activity. Conclusion: We confirmed that AGEs serum levels depend more on renal function than the type of...

Aims: 1. Determination of AGEs (Advanced Glycation End products) in patients with various types of nephropathy. 2. Association AGEs with nutritional parameters and anemia. 3. Influence of renal parameters on sRAGE (soluble form of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products) levels. 4. Technics and proceeding methods of the podocytes cultivation. 5. Determination of urine podocytes. Methods: We determined fluorescent AGEs by spectrofluorometry, sRAGE by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). Podocytes were passaged and identified immunocytochemically. Podocytes in urine were specified by flow cytometry method. Results: 1. We did not find significant differences in AGEs serum levels among various types of nephropathy, even though the pathogenesis differs. 2. The albumin and prealbumin levels positively and haemoglobin levels negatively correlate with AGEs in patients with CKD grade 1-5, without necessity of dialysis. 3. Serum sRAGE levels are increased in patients with decreased renal function independently on the course of renal disease. 4. We implemented the methods and technics of podocyte cultivation. 5. Urine podocytes observation and confirmation that podocyturia relates to disease activity. Conclusion: We confirmed that AGEs serum levels depend more on renal function than the type of...

Selected aspects of the mortality development in the USA since the turn of the millennium Abstract The main goal of the thesis was to analyze the development of mortality from selected causes in the USA between the years 1999 and 2019. The selected causes are long-term leading causes of death in the USA. These include cardiovascular diseases, malignant neoplasms, chronic lower respiratory diseases, external causes and cerebrovascular diseases. The current disease covid-19 was included in the selected causes of death, as according to preliminary data, it was the third leading cause of death in the USA in the year 2020. The first part presents the mortality rates in the USA from different perspectives to create the context of the current development of mortality trends and also characterizes the individual causes of death, which are then addressed in the analytical part of the thesis. Furthermore, the healthcare system of the USA is described, as it is one of the factors influencing the mortality rate and also because it differs significantly from the systems known in Europe. The second part presents the development of mortality from selected causes of death, according to sex and individual US states. Methods used in the analytical part of the thesis were the gross mortality rate, direct and indirect...