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A Concept of inter-AS Priority Signaling using BGP AttributesKnoll, Thomas Martin 04 February 2009 (has links) (PDF)
The increasing number of delay and loss critical
services in packet networks require differentiated packet
handling in the forwarding plane. Quality of Service (QoS)
guarantees can be given for networks using resource reservation
and admission control. However, such strategies require complex
control plane extensions and might lead to higher operation
expenditures.
Network operators therefore often use over-provisioning and
traffic differentiation to offer cheaper class of service quality in
their internet protocol (IP) packet networks.
Priority marking and forwarding of packetized data traffic
can be realized mainly using different layer two and three
mechanisms. The number of differentiated classes and their
autonomous system (AS) internal implementation is at the
operator’s choice.
This paper proposes a concept of cross-domain and cross-layer
priority signaling between packet switched networks to be used
at the inter-AS peering points. It makes use of the Border
Gateway Protocol (BGP) as the predominantly used routing
protocol for AS peering communication. A new BGP-4 path
attribute is used to convey the structured priority information.
The new concept ensures that all receiving AS peers are
consistently and comprehensively informed about the QoS
handling within the IP prefix originating AS. Based on this
information, all ASes can perform close QoS treatment
approximation in a cross-domain and cross-layer manner.
The approach is now work in progress at the IETF.
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Class of Service based AS InterconnectionKnoll, Thomas Martin 04 February 2009 (has links) (PDF)
The increasing number of delay and loss critical services in packet networks require differentiated packet handling in the forwarding plane. Quality of Service (QoS)
guarantees can be given for networks using resource reservation and admission control. However, such strategies require complex control plane extensions and might lead to higher operation expenditures.
Network operators therefore often use over-provisioning and
traffic differentiation to offer cheaper Class of Service (CoS)
quality in their internet protocol (IP) packet networks.
The number of differentiated classes and their autonomous
system (AS) internal implementation is at the operator’s choice.
This paper proposes a signalling concept for inter-AS layer
three Class Set signalling, supported classes, their encoding and
packet rate limitations. It makes use of the Border Gateway
Protocol (BGP) as the predominantly used routing protocol for
AS peering communication. The paper specifies two new nontransitive
attributes, which enable adjacent peers to signal Class
of Service capabilities and admission control limitations. The new
"CoS Capability Attribute" and the “CoS Parameter Attribute"
are simple data structures, which signal the classes, their per hop
behaviour (PHB) ID code and the token bucket control
performed at the ingress AS border router for rate limitation
purposes. The denoted Class of Service forwarding support is
meant as the AS externally available (transit) Class of Service
support.
The approach is now work in progress at the IETF.
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BGP Class of Service InterconnectionKnoll, Thomas Martin 04 February 2009 (has links) (PDF)
This document focuses on Class of Service Interconnection at inter-
domain peering points. It specifies two new non-transitive
attributes, which enable adjacent peers to signal Class of Service
Capabilities and certain Class of Service admission control
Parameters. The new "CoS Capability Attribute" is deliberately kept
simple and denotes the general EF, AF Group and BE forwarding support
across the advertising AS. The second "CoS Parameter Attribute" is
of variable length and contains a more detailed description of
available forwarding behaviours using the PHB id Code encoding. Each
PHB id Code is associated with rate and size based traffic
parameters, which will be applied in the ingress AS Border Router for
admission control purposes to a given forwarding behaviour. The denoted Class of Service forwarding support is meant as the AS
externally available (transit) Class of Service support.
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Cross-Domain and Cross-Layer Coarse Grained Quality of Service Support in IP-based NetworksKnoll, Thomas Martin 17 November 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Mit der zunehmenden Popularität des Internets steigt die Anzahl der Nutzer und vor
allem die Anzahl zeit- und verlustkritische Dienste – wie zum Beispiel „Voice over IP“,
Videoübertragungen und netzbasierte Spiele. Das Internet ist dabei der Zusammenschluss
von ca. 30.000 Betreibernetzen, die mit Hilfe des „Internet Protocol (IP)“ derzeit
ohne jede Dienstgüteunterstützung den Datenverkehraustausch realisieren. Massive
Überdimensionierung der Netzkapazitäten führen zu einer Netzauslastung von nur ca.
10% und entsprechend guter Übertragungsqualität. Mit steigendem Verkehrsaufkommen
wird in dieser Dissertation erwartet, das die Netzbetreiber infolge des Kostendrucks
nicht schritthaltend den überhöhten Netzausbau aufrechterhalten können und
somit Qualitätseinbußen zu erwarten sind. Innerhalb der Betreiber wird bereits jetzt
Verkehrstrennung betrieben, jedoch am Übergabepunkt verworfen und im besten Fall
im Nachbarnetz durch aufwendige Analyse erneut vorgenommen.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde deshalb ein domänen- und schichtenübergreifendes
Konzept zur Realisierung grob-granularer Dienstgüte in IP-Netzen entworfen, zur
Standardisierung bei der „Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)“ vorgeschlagen,
implementiert und in Auszügen simuliert und getestet.
Dabei werden die Verkehrsklasseninformationen mehrere Netzschichten in transitiven
Nachrichtenelementen des „Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)“ signalisiert und schichtenübergreifend
assoziiert.
Die vorliegende Dissertation beinhaltet im wesentlichen drei Teile:
1. Eine umfassende Zusammenstellung von vorhandenen Dienstgütekonzepten
einschließlich der bereits existierenden QoS-Funktionselemente in verfügbaren
Netzelementen,
2. Die detaillierte Spezifikation des neuen Konzeptes und
3. den Ergebnissen der Simulations- und Implementierungsaktivitäten zum Nachweis
der Funktion und Skalierbarkeit des Entwurfes.
Zwei wesentliche Erkenntnisse und Forderungen sind durch die Bearbeitung des
Themas erwachsen. Die Einfachheit der Konzeptstruktur und die Einfachheit der
angestrebten Dienstgüteunterstützung. Die angestrebte Dienstgüte beschränkt sich
deshalb auf die primitive Verkehrstrennung in mehrere Klassen, die in den Weiterleitungsknoten
getrennt abgelegt und mit verschiedenem Vorrang behandelt werden.
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Blocking Performance Of Class Of Service Differentiation In Survivable All& / #8208 / optical NetworksTuran, Bilgehan 01 January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
This thesis evaluates the performance of service differentiation with different
class of services namely protection, reservation and the best effort services on
the NxN meshed torus and the ring topology, which are established as
survivable all& / #8208 / optical WDM networks. Blocking probabilities are measured
as performance criteria and the effects of different number of wavelengths,
different type of services and different topology size with wavelength
selective lightpath allocation schemes are investigated by simulations with
respect to increasing load on the topologies.
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Cross-Domain and Cross-Layer Coarse Grained Quality of Service Support in IP-based NetworksKnoll, Thomas Martin 11 November 2009 (has links)
Mit der zunehmenden Popularität des Internets steigt die Anzahl der Nutzer und vor
allem die Anzahl zeit- und verlustkritische Dienste – wie zum Beispiel „Voice over IP“,
Videoübertragungen und netzbasierte Spiele. Das Internet ist dabei der Zusammenschluss
von ca. 30.000 Betreibernetzen, die mit Hilfe des „Internet Protocol (IP)“ derzeit
ohne jede Dienstgüteunterstützung den Datenverkehraustausch realisieren. Massive
Überdimensionierung der Netzkapazitäten führen zu einer Netzauslastung von nur ca.
10% und entsprechend guter Übertragungsqualität. Mit steigendem Verkehrsaufkommen
wird in dieser Dissertation erwartet, das die Netzbetreiber infolge des Kostendrucks
nicht schritthaltend den überhöhten Netzausbau aufrechterhalten können und
somit Qualitätseinbußen zu erwarten sind. Innerhalb der Betreiber wird bereits jetzt
Verkehrstrennung betrieben, jedoch am Übergabepunkt verworfen und im besten Fall
im Nachbarnetz durch aufwendige Analyse erneut vorgenommen.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde deshalb ein domänen- und schichtenübergreifendes
Konzept zur Realisierung grob-granularer Dienstgüte in IP-Netzen entworfen, zur
Standardisierung bei der „Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)“ vorgeschlagen,
implementiert und in Auszügen simuliert und getestet.
Dabei werden die Verkehrsklasseninformationen mehrere Netzschichten in transitiven
Nachrichtenelementen des „Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)“ signalisiert und schichtenübergreifend
assoziiert.
Die vorliegende Dissertation beinhaltet im wesentlichen drei Teile:
1. Eine umfassende Zusammenstellung von vorhandenen Dienstgütekonzepten
einschließlich der bereits existierenden QoS-Funktionselemente in verfügbaren
Netzelementen,
2. Die detaillierte Spezifikation des neuen Konzeptes und
3. den Ergebnissen der Simulations- und Implementierungsaktivitäten zum Nachweis
der Funktion und Skalierbarkeit des Entwurfes.
Zwei wesentliche Erkenntnisse und Forderungen sind durch die Bearbeitung des
Themas erwachsen. Die Einfachheit der Konzeptstruktur und die Einfachheit der
angestrebten Dienstgüteunterstützung. Die angestrebte Dienstgüte beschränkt sich
deshalb auf die primitive Verkehrstrennung in mehrere Klassen, die in den Weiterleitungsknoten
getrennt abgelegt und mit verschiedenem Vorrang behandelt werden.
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A Concept of inter-AS Priority Signaling using BGP AttributesKnoll, Thomas Martin 04 February 2009 (has links)
The increasing number of delay and loss critical
services in packet networks require differentiated packet
handling in the forwarding plane. Quality of Service (QoS)
guarantees can be given for networks using resource reservation
and admission control. However, such strategies require complex
control plane extensions and might lead to higher operation
expenditures.
Network operators therefore often use over-provisioning and
traffic differentiation to offer cheaper class of service quality in
their internet protocol (IP) packet networks.
Priority marking and forwarding of packetized data traffic
can be realized mainly using different layer two and three
mechanisms. The number of differentiated classes and their
autonomous system (AS) internal implementation is at the
operator’s choice.
This paper proposes a concept of cross-domain and cross-layer
priority signaling between packet switched networks to be used
at the inter-AS peering points. It makes use of the Border
Gateway Protocol (BGP) as the predominantly used routing
protocol for AS peering communication. A new BGP-4 path
attribute is used to convey the structured priority information.
The new concept ensures that all receiving AS peers are
consistently and comprehensively informed about the QoS
handling within the IP prefix originating AS. Based on this
information, all ASes can perform close QoS treatment
approximation in a cross-domain and cross-layer manner.
The approach is now work in progress at the IETF.
|
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Class of Service based AS InterconnectionKnoll, Thomas Martin 04 February 2009 (has links)
The increasing number of delay and loss critical services in packet networks require differentiated packet handling in the forwarding plane. Quality of Service (QoS)
guarantees can be given for networks using resource reservation and admission control. However, such strategies require complex control plane extensions and might lead to higher operation expenditures.
Network operators therefore often use over-provisioning and
traffic differentiation to offer cheaper Class of Service (CoS)
quality in their internet protocol (IP) packet networks.
The number of differentiated classes and their autonomous
system (AS) internal implementation is at the operator’s choice.
This paper proposes a signalling concept for inter-AS layer
three Class Set signalling, supported classes, their encoding and
packet rate limitations. It makes use of the Border Gateway
Protocol (BGP) as the predominantly used routing protocol for
AS peering communication. The paper specifies two new nontransitive
attributes, which enable adjacent peers to signal Class
of Service capabilities and admission control limitations. The new
"CoS Capability Attribute" and the “CoS Parameter Attribute"
are simple data structures, which signal the classes, their per hop
behaviour (PHB) ID code and the token bucket control
performed at the ingress AS border router for rate limitation
purposes. The denoted Class of Service forwarding support is
meant as the AS externally available (transit) Class of Service
support.
The approach is now work in progress at the IETF.
|
9 |
BGP Class of Service InterconnectionKnoll, Thomas Martin 04 February 2009 (has links)
This document focuses on Class of Service Interconnection at inter-
domain peering points. It specifies two new non-transitive
attributes, which enable adjacent peers to signal Class of Service
Capabilities and certain Class of Service admission control
Parameters. The new "CoS Capability Attribute" is deliberately kept
simple and denotes the general EF, AF Group and BE forwarding support
across the advertising AS. The second "CoS Parameter Attribute" is
of variable length and contains a more detailed description of
available forwarding behaviours using the PHB id Code encoding. Each
PHB id Code is associated with rate and size based traffic
parameters, which will be applied in the ingress AS Border Router for
admission control purposes to a given forwarding behaviour. The denoted Class of Service forwarding support is meant as the AS
externally available (transit) Class of Service support.
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Dynamic bandwidth allocation MAC protocols for gigabit-capable passive optical networksChang, Ching-Hung January 2008 (has links)
The research initiatives addressed in this thesis are geared towards improving the performance of passive optical networks (PONs) through the development of advanced dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) protocols. In particular, the aim of the research undertaken is to enhance the quality of service (QoS) offered by standard PONs by means of providing subscribers with service level agreement (SLA) to fulfil applications and associated bandwidth requirements on demand. To accomplish the research objectives, a novel service and bandwidth focused DBA protocol is developed for standard time division multiplexing (TDM), gigabit-capable PONs (GPONs) by flexibly assigning a guaranteed minimum bandwidth to each optical network unit (ONU),terminated at subscribers premises. Modelling and simulation of the developed algorithms have displayed a tenfold enhancement in network performance, showing a superior performance to other published DBA protocols, in terms of mean packet delay. To accomplish protocol optimisation, the ONU upstream transmission properties of TDM-PONs have been further analysed and subsequently the ONU data transfer order in each communication cycle has been dynamically configured to increase the network upstream throughput by overlapping the upstream transmission period with parts of the bandwidth request-allocation process between OLT and ONUs. In addition, with the objective of extending the application of the developed protocol to long-reach PONs by means of reducing the augmented propagation delays due to the network’s extensive reach, the concept of virtual communication cycles has been incorporated into the optimised DBA algorithm. This approach demonstrates comparable transmission efficiency in the context of subscriber throughput and packet delay as in a standard PON but at much longer distances from the network exchange. To overcome the inevitably limited communication capacity of single wavelength TDM protocols and with the transportation of the ever increasing, time-sensitive, multi-media services in mind, a novel multi-wavelength DBA protocol is then developed to be applied to a wavelength division multiplexing–PON. With this protocol, both the downstream and upstream network capacity is dynamically adjusted according to subscribers’ service level and bandwidth demand in each polling cycle as opposed to a fixed upstream network capacity in TDM-PONs. It therefore also demonstrates improved upstream transmission efficiency.
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