Social visual orienting in typical and atypical development.

L'Infant research ha ampiamente dimostrato l’importanza e gli effetti che le interazioni precoci hanno sullo sviluppo mentale del bambino (Stern, 1985; Tronick Tronick, 1989; Emde, 1985; Greenspan, 1997). Nell’ambito dello sviluppo atipico (SA) diversi studi mettono in luce la presenza di alterazioni precoci della sfera interattiva genitore bambino che hanno una ricaduta negativa sullo sviluppo mentale del bambino, già in parte compromesso dai deficit neurobiologici (Dawson, Hill, Spencer, Galpert, & Waston, 1990; Doussard-Rossevelt, Bazhenova, & Porges, 2003; Hodapp, 2002; Kasari, Sigman, Mundy & Yirimiya, 1988; Venuti, Esposito, 2008; Venuti, de Falco, Esposito, Bentenuto, Villotti & Bornstein, 2008; de Falco, Cimmino, La Femina & Venuti, 2008). Scopo generale dello studio è la verifica degli effetti di un intervento genitore bambino con SA il cui obiettivo è la promozione di una modalità interattiva maggiormente sincronica e responsiva. In particolare si intende indagare gli effetti del trattamento su tre aree specifiche: l’interazione genitore bambino, le rappresentazioni del genitore e lo sviluppo del bambino. Lo studio è stato condotto su quattro diadi genitore bambino con SA, con età compresa tra i 30 e i 54 mesi. Due bambini hanno una diagnosi di Disturbo Pervasivo dello Sviluppo (PDD) e uno di Ritardo Mentale (RM). La ricerca è stata effettuata mediante il disegno sperimentale su singolo soggetto senza gruppo di controllo. Per valutare degli effetti del cambiamento nelle tre aree indagate sono state applicate diverse misure pre e post trattamento e misure osservative ripetute nel tempo. Per tutte le misure ripetute sono state calcolati i livelli di attendibilità sul 33% delle osservazioni attraverso il test k di Cohen. L’analisi degli andamenti delle sedute mettono in evidenza la presenza di incrementi percentuali significativi in diverse aree indagate. In particolare, si è rilevato l’aumento del livello di disponibilità emotiva e di sincronia della diade; un aumento delle attribuzioni positive rispetto al proprio figlio e alle capacità genitoriali; infine, rispetto allo sviluppo del bambino si è registrato un aumento del livello di autoregolazione e di intenzionalità sebbene in misura diversa nei tre soggetti.

This thesis is composed of two individual but interconnected studies. The first study investigated the gestural ability of aphasic patients in comparison with healthy speakers, by analysing both qualitatively and quantitatively co-speech gestures during a story-retelling task. The objective was to understand the relation between language and gesture ability in the aphasic patient: whether impairments in language production influence gesture production, as suggested by the long existing notion “asymbolia†. If this is not the case, gesture then may play a very potential role in aphasic daily communication and rehabilitation, as suggested by researchers and clinicians (e.g., Marshall, 2006; Rodriguez et al., 2006) who proposed the use of gesture as a compensatory and facilitative means to assist aphasic individuals to communicate. In our first study, four aphasic patients and four age-matched healthy speakers were recruited. They were requested to retell stories after watching eight short films from the cartoon “Tweety and Silvester†. Both verbal and non-verbal production from the participant were video-taped for analyses. Group and individual analyses were performed to examine representational and non-representational gestures in per-100-word and per-minute measures. We found that in aphasic subjects, as a group, gestures were quantitatively indistinguishable from those produced by normal controls. Also, qualitative analyses demonstrated that the aphasic subjects tended to use representational gestures to cue or substitute for difficult-to-name words. This supports the notion that gesture may cue naming and may be a potential treatment approach in aphasia rehabilitation. The second study explored treatment efficacy of three approaches in aphasia rehabilitation – the Gesture-based, the Language-based, and the Combined approach, aiming to understand the effects elicited by these techniques in improving single word naming ability in aphasic patients. Previous research suggested that gesture training can facilitate word naming (see Rose, 2006 for review). Language-based treatment aiming to reconstruct concepts and restore phonological information on difficult-to-name words has been widely studied, but the therapeutic role played by gesture in language recovery has been rarely considered. Our second study recruited four chronic aphasic patients with word-finding difficulty to explore the effects of three types of treatment – Gesture-based, Language-based, and Combined, on the retrieval of nouns and verbs. It was hypothesized that gesture and language-based treatments alone would yield positive effects and that combined treatment would result in the largest improvement of single-word naming. In gesture-based treatment, patients were trained to produce a gesture that can be mapped onto a corresponding word. In language-based treatment, Semantic Feature Analysis and Phonological Component Analysis were used. The combined treatment includes the same materials used in the gesture-based and language-based treatments, but materials were alternated across sessions. Training materials included verbs of hand-related actions and nouns of manipulable objects. We found that all types of treatment, as hypothesized, led to significant item-specific improvement in both verb and noun naming. Three of four subjects showed the largest recovery following combined treatment, especially on verbs. This suggests that gesture, when combined with logopedic treatment, can boost naming skills.

Numerosi studi considerano il sottotrattamento del dolore pediatrico uno dei problemi più critici associati alla cura e degenza ospedaliera (Schechter et al., 2002). La soluzione risiede in una valutazione accurata e sistematica dello stato di algesia del paziente (Reaney, 2007); tuttavia, vi è una notevole reticenza all’impiego costante e regolare di scale di valutazione del dolore nei reparti pediatrici (Zernikow et al., 2005). Questa tesi si propone due obiettivi: innanzitutto, osservare l’atteggiamento degli operatori sanitari circa l’impiego di scale di valutazione del dolore nelle Unità Operative pediatriche di due Ospedali del Trentino. In particolare, si vuole stabilire se a livello locale sussistono le medesime condizioni evidenziate dalla letteratura internazionale sull’argomento; quindi, indagare le cause del problema, e verificare l’effetto che una semplice restituzione con feedback costruttivo ha sulle modalità di valutazione del dolore pediatrico nelle U.U.O.O. così trattate.

In the last decade, neurobiological studies have focused efforts on investigating the biological substrates (i.e., cerebral structures, neurotransmitters, and hormones) underlying parental attuned behavior to salient infant stimuli (i.e., infant cries), that plays an important role in child affective, social, and cognitive development (Venuti, 2007; Bornstein, 2002). Both human and animal studies have primarily focused on the neurobiology of mothers and have shown that subcortical and cortical cerebral structures such as the prefrontal cortex, thalamocingulate network, hypothalamus, amygdala, and substantia nigra are important in maternal motivation and attuned behaviors (Barrett & Fleming, 2010; Swain, Lorberbaum, Kose, & Strathearn,2007). However, there is a lack of literature concerning gender differences and only a few studies have investigated the sensitivity of response to infant stimuli in non-parent adults (Caria, de Falco, Venuti, Lee, Esposito, Rigo, Birbaumer & Bornstein, 2012; Glocker, Langleben, Ruparel, Loughead, Gur & Sachser, 2009; Parsons, Young, Kumari, Stein & Kringelbach, 2011; Montoya, Landi, Kober, Worhunsky, Rutherford, Mencl, Mayes & Potenza, 2012). In this research project we focused our investigations on mechanisms in human adults (parents and non-parents) involved in parental care, and in specific: (a) on neural mechanisms underlie BOLD response to infant vocalizations, crying in particular; (b) on brain changes (grey matter volume) occurring during the early postpartum period in new fathers. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in the first study (second chapter) we looked at gender differences in resting-state brain activation associated with the cry condition at the default mode network (DMN) level in a sample of healthy adults (parents and nonparents). The design was balanced by parental status and gender. The DMN is preferentially activated when individuals are not involved in externally oriented tasks, namely during the mind wandering and it is deactivated during external goal-oriented activities. In the second longitudinal study (third chapter) we investigated in new fathers the GM volumes change amongst 2-4 weeks and 3-4 months postpartum in brain areas responsible for parental behaviors over time during the early postpartum period. Anatomical changes and their relationships with parenting behaviors have never been examined in human fathers despite the importance of paternal care for child development. In the third study (fourth chapter) we investigated, using fMRI and behavioral (Response Time RT) techniques, how the pattern of cerebral activation when listening to infant cry modulates concomitant behavioral tasks, which could require or not require the attention toward the cry stimuli, and thus affecting parental responsiveness.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-04-09T14:13:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ernandes da Silva Filho - 2018.pdf: 2121110 bytes, checksum: 70fe1857112c1027e6cf53a16c1af017 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-04-09T14:43:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ernandes da Silva Filho - 2018.pdf: 2121110 bytes, checksum: 70fe1857112c1027e6cf53a16c1af017 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-09T14:43:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ernandes da Silva Filho - 2018.pdf: 2121110 bytes, checksum: 70fe1857112c1027e6cf53a16c1af017 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Listeriosis is a bacterial infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes, a bacterium transmitted mainly by the ingestion of contaminated food. It is the main responsible for food infections with low morbidity rate, but when contamination occurs in immunosuppressed the mortality rates are high, representing an important public health problem. Methods available for identification of the presence of Listeria monocytogenes include isolation of the bacterium through conventional culture, laborious, time-consuming and low sensitivity method, and usually complex and costly molecular and / or immunological methods requiring trained personnel and equipment. Therefore, the search for rapid, sensitive and specific methods for detecting the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in foods is useful and necessary for infection prevention and great value to reduce the mortality rate in the immunocompromised as well as to enable the epidemiological surveillance of this disease. The objectives of the study were: To develop lateral flow immunochromatographic test for the identification of L. monocytogenes in foods; To evaluate the performance of the lateral flow immunochromatographic test using food samples naturally and artificially contaminated with L. monocytogenes. As the detection agent, were impregnated glass fiber with anti-internalin-A MAb-2D12 conjugated to colloidal gold. As a capture agent, were sensitized, on nitrocellulose paper, the test line with polyclonal anti-internalin-B antibody, and in the control line with protein A, to validate the activity of the detection agent. Inoculations of standard strains of Listeria monocytogenes were used for evaluation of the Listeria detection in the proposed test. As a negative control, we used strains of Listeria innocua, Enterobacter sp. and Bacillus cereus. Positivity was obtained in prototypes of rapid tests sensitized with Polyclonal Anti-InlB. Positivity was observed in samples containing culture medium and newly cultured bacteria, validating the methodology used in the development of the test. The detection capacity of the test at D concentration is 2x10 4 CFU / mL. / A listeriose é uma infecção bacteriana, provocada por Listeria monocytogenes, uma bactéria transmitida principalmente pela ingestão de alimentos contaminados. É o principal agente responsável pelas infecções alimentares com baixa taxa de morbidade, porém quando a infecção ocorre em imunodeprimidos os índices de mortalidade são elevados, representando um importante problema de saúde pública. Os métodos disponíveis para a identificação da presença de Listeria monocytogenes incluem o isolamento da bactéria através de cultivo convencional, que consiste em um método laborioso, demorado e de baixa sensibilidade e métodos moleculares e/ou imunológicos, normalmente complexos, de custo elevado, requerendo equipamentos e pessoal treinado. Portanto, a busca por métodos alternativos, rápidos, sensíveis e específicos para a detecção da presença de Listeria monocytogenes em alimentos, é útil e necessária para prevenção da infecção e de grande valia para reduzir a taxa de mortalidade nos imunodeprimidos, bem como, viabilizar a vigilância epidemiológica desta enfermidade. Os objetivos do trabalho foram: Desenvolver teste imunocromatográfico de fluxo lateral para identificação de L. monocytogenes em alimentos; Avaliar o desempenho do teste imunocromatográfico de fluxo lateral utilizando amostras de alimentos naturalmente e artificialmente contaminados com L. monocytogenes. Como agente de detecção, foi impregnado à fibra de vidro o monoclonal MAb-2D12 anti-internalina-A conjugado ao ouro coloidal. Como agente de captura, foi sensibilizado, em papel de nitrocelulose, a linha teste com anticorpo policlonal anti-internalina-B, e na linha controle com proteína A, para validar a atividade do agente de detecção. Inóculos de cepas padrões de Listeria monocytogenes foram utilizados para avaliação da detecção Listeria no teste proposto. Como controle negativo, utilizamos cepas de Listeria innocua, Enterobacter sp. e Bacillus cereus. Foi obtido positividade em protótipos de testes rápidos sensibilizados com policlonal anti-InlB. Observou-se positividade em amostras contendo meio de cultura e a bactéria recém cultivada, validando a metodologia empregada no desenvolvimento do teste. A capacidade de detecção do teste foi de 2x10 4 UFC/mL.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-03-23T13:47:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Karine Louise Calaça - 2018.pdf: 2457467 bytes, checksum: 69d21cfe5b1374658e1d19546996b14f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-03-23T14:48:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Karine Louise Calaça - 2018.pdf: 2457467 bytes, checksum: 69d21cfe5b1374658e1d19546996b14f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-23T14:48:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Karine Louise Calaça - 2018.pdf: 2457467 bytes, checksum: 69d21cfe5b1374658e1d19546996b14f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28 / The current study was developed to investigate the presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp., to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and to detect virulence genes of Escherichia coli isolates. For the study, 50 establishments were selected in Goiânia and municipalities in the metropolitan region, in which 141 samples of excreta were collected, 141 of feed, and 141 drinkers' swabs of psittacine kept in cages for resale. Samples were submitted to conventional bacteriology and PCR and Escherichia coli was identified in 9.7% (41/423) of the samples, 12% (17/141) in excreta, 8.5% (12/141) in the feed and 8.5% (12/141) in the drinkers' swabs. In the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli samples isolated, was found resistance to ciprofloxacin 4.9% (2/41), gentamicin 17% (7/41), doxycycline 34.1% (14/41), florfenicol 34.1% (14/41), trimethoprim 39% (16/41), tetracycline 41.5% (17/41), enrofloxacin 43.9% (18/41), amoxycillin 48.8% (20/41 ), neomycin 61% (25/41) and sulfonamide 90.2% (37/41). The iss gene was detected in three isolates, tsh in three, papC in two and the traT and eae genes were not detected. Salmonella sp. was not isolated in the samples. It concludes that Escherichia coli isolates show resistance to the most commonly used antimicrobials and the possibility exists that these birds are carriers of pathogenic strains. / O presente estudo foi desenvolvido no intuito de investigar a presença de Escherichia coli e Salmonella sp., determinar o perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos e detectar genes de virulência dos isolados de Escherichia coli. Para o estudo foram selecionados, por conveniência, 50 estabelecimentos em Goiânia e municípios da região metropolitana, nos quais foram coletadas 141 amostras de excretas, 141 de ração nos comedouros, e 141 de suabes de bebedouro dos psitacídeos mantidos em gaiolas para revenda. As amostras foram submetidas a bacteriologia convencional e PCR onde Escherichia coli foi identificada em 9,7% (41/423) das amostras, sendo 12% (17/141) em excretas, 8,5% (12/141) na ração e 8,5% (12/141) nos suabes de bebedouro. Na determinação da suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos das amostras de Escherichia coli isoladas, obteve-se resistência a ciprofloxacina em 4,9% (2/41), gentamicina 17% (7/41), doxiciclina 34,1% (14/41), florfenicol 34,1% (14/41), trimetropin 39% (16/41), tetraciclina 41,5% (17/41), enrofloxacina 43,9% (18/41), amoxicilina 48,8% (20/41), neomicina 61% (25/41) e sulfonamida 90,2% (37/41). O gene iss foi detectado em três isolados, o tsh em três, o papC em dois e os genes traT e eae não foram detectados. Não foi isolada Salmonella sp. nas amostras. Diante de tais resultados, conclui-se que os isolados de Escherichia coli apresentam resistência aos antimicrobianos mais utilizados e existe a possibilidade dessas aves serem carreadoras de cepas patogênicas.

Submitted by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-02-09T12:44:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rodrigo Scaliante de Moura - 2014.pdf: 1156729 bytes, checksum: e7cbaa588f1b727f7e6e68f23536f799 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-02-20T11:00:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rodrigo Scaliante de Moura - 2014.pdf: 1156729 bytes, checksum: e7cbaa588f1b727f7e6e68f23536f799 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T11:00:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rodrigo Scaliante de Moura - 2014.pdf: 1156729 bytes, checksum: e7cbaa588f1b727f7e6e68f23536f799 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-31 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Serology to detect IgM antibodies against the PGL-I, a species-specific antigen from Mycobacterium leprae, can be used to aid in the identification of individuals with high bacillary load. Samples and the database from the U-MDT clinical trial were used to compare and report the perfomance of diverse classification methods. This study also evaluated the possibility of enhancement of serological tests by substituting the antigen carrier protein, the bovine serum albumin (BSA) by a human protein (HSA), aiming to eliminate unespecific bindings. The tests specificity was evaluated using sampes from household contacts, healthy population, TB patients and Visceral Leishmaniasis from endemic and non-endemic areas. In this study the most sensitive and the least specific approach was represented by counting the number of skin lesions, which identifiel 99% of MB leprosy patients. ML Flow HSA tests correcty allocated 70.9% and 68.6% of patients in the PB group, and 87% and 81% of patients in the MB group, respectively. The study suggests that the carrier protein of the antigen did not influence significantly in the seropositivity of studied groups. PGL-I serology did not presented cross-reactions with Visceral Leishmaniasis serum samples and confirmed a low positivity among control groups. / A sorologia para detecção de anticorpos da classe IgM contra o PGL-I, antígeno específico do M. leprae, pode ser utilizada para auxiliar na identificação de indivíduos com alta carga bacilar. Amostras e o banco de dados do ensaio clínico U-MDT foram utilizados para descrever o desempenho de diversos métodos de classificação. Este estudo também avaliou a possibilidade de melhoria dos testes sorológicos pela substituição da proteína carreadora do antígeno, a albumina bovina (BSA), por uma proteína humana (HSA), visando eliminar ligações não específicas. A especificidade dos testes foi avaliada utilizando amostras de contatos de pacientes, indivíduos saudáveis, pacientes de tuberculose e de leishmaniose visceral de áreas endêmica e não endêmica para hanseníase. Neste estudo, a abordagem mais sensível, porém menos específica foi a contagem de lesões, que foi capaz de detectar 99% dos pacientes multibacilares. Os testes ML Flow utilizando BSA ou HSA foram capazes de alocar corretamente 70,9% e 68,6% dos pacientes PB e, 87% e 81% dos pacientes MB, respectivamente. Portanto, este estudo sugere que a proteína carreadora do antígeno não influencia de maneira significativa na soropositividade dos grupos estudados. A sorologia PGL-I não apresentou reatividade cruzada com o soro de pacientes de Leishmaniose Visceral e se confirmou a baixa soropositividade entre os grupos controle.

Submitted by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-03-03T14:52:51Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Brunno Medeiros dos Santos - 2012.pdf: 3099335 bytes, checksum: 3b99e5c919b61a4fa518d07c329bc0a4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-03-04T12:14:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Brunno Medeiros dos Santos - 2012.pdf: 3099335 bytes, checksum: 3b99e5c919b61a4fa518d07c329bc0a4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T12:14:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Brunno Medeiros dos Santos - 2012.pdf: 3099335 bytes, checksum: 3b99e5c919b61a4fa518d07c329bc0a4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-30 / The mucosa is the most vulnerable gastric layer to damage, as it is the interface between the external environment and the body. For this reason, it presents specific mechanisms to maintain the integrity, but, when the triggering agent persists or is very aggressive, the defense mechanisms are overcome and mucosal injuries manifest. The endoscopy is the main technique for identifying this type of injury and it has the advantage of facilitating the material collection for the bacteriological and histological confirmation of the causing agent. The present study aimed to evaluate the gastroscopic and histological aspects of the gastric mucosa of dogs experimentally intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride and to identify the most efficient technique for detecting the bacteria of the genus Helicobacter in the stomach of this animals species by comparing the techniques of cytology, fast urease test and histological sections stained with HE, Giemsa and Warthin-Starry (WS). In poisoned dogs there were hyperemia and hemorrhage by gastroscopy and histology edema, hyperemia and hemorrhage. The Helicobacter detecting prevalence was higher in the cytology exam and the sensitivity was higher in histological sections stained with WS. It was concluded that orally administration of CCl4 to dogs cause diffuse circulatory changes in gastric mucosa and the most efficient technique to Helicobacter spp research is the cytology, being gastric fundus the most suitable region for sampling. / A mucosa é a camada gástrica mais vulnerável a lesões, pois representa a interface entre o meio externo e o organismo. Por esse motivo, apresenta mecanismos específicos que visam a manutenção da integridade, entretanto, quando o agente desencadeante persiste ou é muito agressivo, os mecanismos de defesa são suplantados e ocorrem as lesões na mucosa. O exame de endoscopia é a principal técnica para a identificação dessas lesões e apresenta a vantagem de facilitar a colheita de material para confirmações bacteriológicas e histológicas do agente agressor. O presente estudo teve por objetivos avaliar os aspectos gastroscópicos e histológicos da mucosa gástrica de cães intoxicados experimentalmente com tetracloreto de carbono e identificar a técnica mais eficiente em detectar bactérias do gênero Helicobacter no estômago de animais desta espécie, por meio da comparação das técnicas de citologia, teste rápido de urease e cortes histológicos corados por HE, Giemsa e Warthin-Starry (WS). Nos cães intoxicados verificou-se à gastroscopia hiperemia e hemorragia e à histologia edema, hiperemia e hemorragia. A prevalência em detectar helicobactérias foi maior no exame de citologia e a sensibilidade mais elevada nos cortes histológicos corados por WS. Conclui-se que a administração de CCl4 por via oral aos cães causa alterações circulatórias difusas na mucosa gástrica e que a técnica mais eficiente para a pesquisa de bactérias do gênero Helicobacter é a citologia, sendo o fundo gástrico a região mais apropriada para colheita das amostras.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2014-10-14T13:25:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Juliana Carvalho de Almeida Borges.pdf: 1583576 bytes, checksum: 51f7b17c80d2a091ee1c6342e1a639fe (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-10-17T21:36:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Juliana Carvalho de Almeida Borges.pdf: 1583576 bytes, checksum: 51f7b17c80d2a091ee1c6342e1a639fe (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-17T21:36:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Juliana Carvalho de Almeida Borges.pdf: 1583576 bytes, checksum: 51f7b17c80d2a091ee1c6342e1a639fe (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-27 / In dogs, mastocytoma is the most common skin cancer, representing up to 21% of all skin tumors. Although the most consistent prognostic factor in diagnosis is histopathological evaluation, different classification systems for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors are used, reducing the prognostic value of histological grading. The Patnaik system, based on a three-level classification, is still the most used, despite its subjectivity. In 2011, KIUPEL and collaborators proposed a new histological classification system, sorting the tumors into two classes, low intensity and high intensity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the comparison between the methods of classification of Patnaik and Kiupel, and establish a possible relationship between the biological behavior of Kiupel method classified mastocytoma with the through the histochemical AgNOR's technique and the expression of c-KIT. Samples of canine cutaneous mastocytoma from the Laboratory of Animal Pathology, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás were used for this purpose. In addition to highlighting the subjectivity of tumors classified as intermediate grade system by Patnaik, the analysis indicated that the Kiupel’s method brought up greater agreement among pathologists, confirming its efficiency. The proliferative index determined by AgNOR's was greater in high intensity mastocytomas. In general, the expression of c-KIT corroborated the histological classification. The results showed that the new Kiupel classification system, is more efficient for the histological diagnosis and prognosis of canine mastocytoma when coupled with immunohistochemical and histochemical study. / Em cães, o mastocitoma é a neoplasia cutânea mais comum, representando até 21% de todos os tumores de pele. Ainda que o fator prognóstico mais consistente no diagnóstico seja a avaliação histopatológica, diferentes sistemas de classificação para o mastocitoma cutâneo canino são utilizados, reduzindo o valor prognóstico da graduação histológica. O sistema de Patnaik, de classificação em três níveis, ainda é o mais utilizado, mas muitas vezes essa graduação é subjetiva, podendo um mesmo tumor ser classificado em diferentes graus por patologistas distintos. Em 2011, KIUPEL e colaboradores propuseram um novo sistema de classificação histológica, dividindo os tumores em duas classes, baixa intensidade e alta intensidade. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a comparação entre os métodos classificatórios de Patnaik e Kiupel, e estabelecer uma possível relação entre o comportamento biológico do mastocitoma classificado de acordo com o método de Kiupel, por meio da técnica histoquímica de AgNOR’s e da expressão de c-KIT. Amostras de mastocitoma cutâneo canino dos arquivos do Laboratório de Patologia Animal da Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Goiás foram utilizadas para este fim. Além de explicitar a subjetividade dos tumores classificados em grau intermediário pelo sistema Patnaik, as análises indicaram que a graduação de Kiupel gerou maior concordância entre os patologistas, confirmando sua maior eficiência. O índice proliferativo, determinado pelo método de AgNOR’s, foi superior nos mastocitomas de alta intensidade. A expressão de c-KIT em geral corroborou a graduação histopatológica. Os resultados demonstraram que o novo sistema de classificação histopatológica de Kiupel, aliado ao estudo histoquímico e imunoistoquímico, é mais eficiente que o método de Patnaik para o diagnóstico histológico e prognóstico do mastocitoma, ressaltando-se que a graduação histológica não é um parâmetro suficiente, quando utilizado como ferramenta única.