Co-management of fisheries in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region (ISR) began with the establishment of the Fisheries Joint Management Committee (FJMC) in 1986, one of the provisions of the Inuvialuit Final Agreement (IFA) signed in 1984. The agreement between the Inuvialuit and the Canadian Government with regards to renewable resource management was arranged as a collaborative management process that included knowledge and insight from both sides. This thesis uses the case of beluga entrapment in the Husky Lakes, NWT, to explore how co-management between the Tuktoyaktuk Hunter and Trapper Committee (HTC) and the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) has changed through time in structure and process, and to determine what impacts co-management has had on Inuvialuit involvement in management. Additionally, the linkage between co-management and adaptive capacity at the local level is analyzed in order to better understand how Inuvialuit involvement in fisheries management can have beneficial impacts on cultural preservation, youth education, and employment. This study employed the use of mixed qualitative and quantitative methods within a participatory approach, which aimed at including the community of Tuktoyaktuk in every step of the research process. Qualitative methods included informal discussions, semi-directed interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. Community research partners were also essential in accessing information and interviews. The quantitative method used in this study was the use of questionnaires for Social Network Analysis (SNA) in attempting to describe the changes in the management network over time.

The relationship between the cellulolytic Clostridium termitidis and the electrogenic Geobacter sulfurreducens was evaluated in terms of co-culture sustainability and hydrogen production. Batch co-culture experiments in triplicate balch tubes were conducted using cellobiose as the sole carbon source and fumarate as a terminal electron acceptor. Despite high initial concentrations of acetate, no formate and very low H2 concentrations were detected, supporting the hypothesis that a syntrophic association exists between both bacteria. Co-culture growth characterization experiments were repeated in three microbial electrolysis cells and cellobiose as the sole carbon source. Initially, 9.7 mol-H2 mol-1-glucose was produced. However, a sustainable co-culture could not be maintained despite efforts to reduce reactor temperature and triple the medium’s buffering capacity. Strategies to achieve a sustainable co-culture are to minimize the carbon flux through C. termitidis by using complex substrates, maintain neutral operating conditions, and introduce acetogenic bacteria to control the flux of metabolic intermediates.

This thesis seeks to explain some of the factors influencing British colonial officials in mandate Palestine, in particular, British colonial officials‟ response to the 1929 Arab Revolt. The various groups in Palestine at the time of the Revolt agreed that it was a direct response to the increasing vulnerability of the Arab cultivator to loose the rights to the land on which he worked as a result of the particular combination of his indebtedness and the laissez-faire market in land supported by the British administration. Based on primary source research on memoranda and official reports from the British Colonial Office between the years of 1929 and 1934, this thesis seeks to examine the trajectory of British credit provision to the Arab population in Palestine in order to stop the tendency of Arab cultivators (fellaheen) to be caught in indebtedness leading to landlessness. The most influential official idea between 1929 and 1934 was one that supported the creation of credit co-operatives for the Arab population. However, credit co-operatives never became an effective means of dealing with the problem of indebtedness leading to landlessness amongst the Arab population in mandate Palestine. There were multiple difficulties associated with the creation of credit co-operatives for the Arabs in mandate Palestine. The most powerful obstacle to success in this colonial endeavour was the lack of consensus amongst officials on how to provide credit to Arab cultivators. There was little agreement on whether or not access to land should be secured for the cultivators prior to credit provision. In trying to demonstrate how much disagreement there was amongst officials about co-operatives and land rights, I am seeking to explain why co-operatives in Palestine failed. In the official discussions, it is clear that there were a significant number of officials who had a very detailed knowledge of the situation in Palestine. However, there was so much disagreement amongst officials that this understanding failed to translate into effective legislation that could deal with the land question and credit. / Graduate

This study explores the ways in which Indigenous and non-Indigenous educators have experienced working together as allies for social and racial justice. The study is grounded in anti-oppressive, decolonizing, and participatory action research paradigms. Theoretically, it is framed by anti-racism and anti-oppressive approaches that highlight oppression, exploitation, and power. Within the theoretical field of antiracism, there is a tendency to ignore Indigeneity, and the ongoing oppression and racialization of Indigenous peoples (Lawrence & Dua, 2005; St. Denis, 2007). This study puts Indigeneity and oppression at the forefront of ally development research. The research was modeled upon an action research method called co-operative inquiry (Heron, 1996). The inquiry group involved seven group members, including the researcher. These group members came from diverse racial and social backgrounds. They were all women who work in diverse educational capacities (adult educators, nurse educator, counselor, teacher, lawyer). The inquiry spanned 11 weeks, with 18 hours spent together over six group sessions. Two Indigenous leaders joined the group in two sessions, to lend their experiences and insights on the role of allies. Group members retained a high level of commitment throughout the study. The study was a success in terms of analyzing many of the issues Indigenous and non-Indigenous educators face when working together. It also highlighted the roles of allies and useful strategies for allies to use. The study was shown to have a high level of catalytic validity (Herr & Anderson, 2005) as many group members reported a high degree of both epistemological (what they know) and ontological (how they become) learning. The results of this study lead to new insights on how allies have traditionally been conceptualized and the role that ontology plays in learning. The study also discusses how the congruence between topic and method was navigated, and how that in turn led to the creation of an allied space. / Graduate

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Business co-operation in the small firm sector has in recent years been the beneficiary of both considerable academic debate and public sector funding for its facilitation. This thesis reviews the pertinent literature in the fields of business co-operation, trust, commitment and personality psychology. The limitations of existing networking - co-operation SME research are identified, and in particular the dearth of empirical based research. Where such research exists, no attempt is made to isolate variables which might determine whether individuals are likely to co-operate with others, and / or the likely success of their co-operative activities. As a means of addressing these perceived flaws in the literature the potential antecedent role of owner-manager's personality, business related group affiliation, and owner-manager's and firm's demographics are examined in relation to their propensity to co-operate with others. A polymorphous definition of SME sector co-operation is adopted in which it is possible for actors to co-operate with varying parties and in a number of capacities. Extensive use is made of univariate chi-square and multivariate logistic regression techniques, with a logistic regression model ultimately being extended for each of the types of co-operation identified. The second phase of the empirical research conducted is focused upon the individual business network. Potential antecedents to small firm network success are examined at the aggregate level, and recommendations offered which network actors and facilitators can utilise as a means of heightening the likelihood of success within their own groups. The thesis closes with a re-examination of the hypothesis, drawing of conclusions relating to them, and the identification of areas for further research.

RF-sputtered CoCr films have been characterized for a variety of deposition conditions, and the most effective parameters which bring about perpendicular anisotropy have been evaluated. In particular bias sputtering has been noted for its role in improving the crystallographic orientation and magnetic properties when applied to the substrate at certain values, hence the root mechanism of the observed improvement has been, as far as possible , investigated . These investigations have, in particular, focused on the extent to which impurity gases are likely to effect the magnetic properties of sputtered films, as well as quantifying the gas contents of the films using as yet unexploited (in this area) method of thermal desorption experiments. In a further attempt to quantify tolerable level of impurity species in the sputtering environment , impurity gases of nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, which are commonly present even in high vacuum systems, were intentionally introduced in the sputtering chamber and their effects on both magnetic and crystallographic properties of CoCr were noted . To measure the perpendicular and in-plane magnetic properties of CoCr , a combined polar-transverse Kerr magneto- optic system was costructed , through which direct magnetic measurement of CoCr/NiFe becomes feasible . This method was further exploited to compare volume and surface magnetic properties of CoCr , as measured using a V.S.M and this M-O system. Finally , a CoCr/NiFe W1nchester disc was fabricated on which a recording experiment was successfully performed.

Amine functionalized silicas are promising chemisorbent materials for post-combustion CO₂ capture due to the high density of active sites per unit mass of adsorbent that can be obtained by tuning the synthesis protocol, thus resulting in high equilibrium CO₂ adsorption capacities. However, when compared to physisorbents, they have a few disadvantages. Firstly, oxidative degradation of the amine groups reduces the lifetime of these adsorbent materials. Furthermore, rapid heat release following the reaction between amines and CO₂ results in large local temperature spikes which may adversely affect adsorption equilibria and kinetics. Thirdly, there is a lack of fundamental understanding of CO₂-amine adsorption thermodynamics, which is key to scaling up these materials to an industrial-scale adsorption process. In this dissertation the qualitative and quantitative understanding of these three critical aspects of aminosilica adsorbents have been furthered so these materials can be better evaluated and further tuned as adsorbents for post-combustion CO₂ capture applications.

Polymeric hollow fiber sorbents were functionalized with amine moieties for improving the carbon dioxide sorption capacity from flue gas to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from coal-fired power plants. Three different experimental pathways were studied to form the amine-functionalized hollow fiber sorbents. Aminosilane functionalized cellulose acetate (CA) fibers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized polyamide-imide (PAI, Torlon® fibers and PEI post-infused and functionalized Torlon®-silica fibers were formed. CO₂ equilibrium sorption capacity data were collected by using the pressure decay sorption cell and thermal gravimetric analyzer. Other physio-chemical properties of the amine-functionalized fiber sorbents were characterized by using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and scanning electronic microscopy. Different reaction conditions were studied on the effect of sorption isotherms. Aminosilane-CA fibers were the first proof-of-concept for forming the amine functionalized polymer hollow fibers. PEI-PAI fibers were designed as a new method to reach enhanced sorption capacities than Aminosilane-functionalized CA fibers. PEI post-infused and functionalized Torlon®-silica fibers have further enhanced sorption capacity; however they easily degrade with similar reaction for forming PEI-PAI fibers. Lumen-side barrier layers were created successfully via post-treatment technique of using the crosslinked Neoprene® polymer onto PEI-functionalized PAI fibers. PEI-functionalized PAI fibers also have good cyclic stability and low heat of sorption.