Post-industrial ports are an armature to be approached heedfully. They offer a rich maritime history, serve vital economic roles, and carry significant environmental burdens. Further, they are gems of relatively undeveloped waterfront real estate. The debate for who and what takes priority in these abandoned pockets is a long and messy one. Additionally, opening these neighborhoods to potential development brings the question of how transportation can play into the infrastructure, and if the current transportation networks can support the traffic these new neighborhoods will bring. This has been a constant tension at the now mid-point in Boston’s planning of the Seaport District. The contemporary zone is stuck in a state of being isolated from the rest of the city in both its physical infrastructure and programmatic ideologies, simultaneously creating two worlds within the context of the historic port. With this district-wide disconnect between the new and old comes need for new bonds, those which weren’t originally considered when developing the existing infrastructure of the city's core. The Seaport needs to be smoothly integrated into public transportation without overburdening a congested system. Planning needs to be reconsidered at a city-wide scale, and brought back down to specific applications relevant to this controversial, ambiguous district. The subway is over-utilized, the highways bursting, and there are limited vacant channels to expand train tracks. New means of transit need to be implemented that are enticing to commuters, residents and tourists alike. Maybe the solution isn’t embedded in the current routes, but rather looking to the waterfront as a way to reposition an alternate artery, reclaiming the port in its initial state. Proposals for waterfront redevelopment and transit have been contemplated for decades, yet they fade out as water transit systems are underutilized, making funding improvements ironically more difficult. Terminals weren’t planned to correlate with desirable landmarks or additional transit links, and simply fail to stretch vast enough distances to make them necessary; until now. This thesis explores the symbiotic relationship between water transit and the post-industrial port. Through architectural analysis, transit stops can foster success through re-modeling their network, amenities, branding, and program. In reestablishing this relationship, the city can re-link physically and in reflection of its historic identity with the coast. / 0 / SPK / specialcollections@tulane.edu

This thesis examines the impacts of indigenous dispossession from lands and resources by utilizing a concept in ecology, that of ecological keystone species, and extending it to species that play a key, characterizing role in a particular culture or society. A storytelling methodology is used to determine the presence of cultural keystones in stories and place names of Tla'amin peoples, a Northern Coast Salish group whose traditional territory is located along the coast 130 kilometres northwest of Vancouver, British Columbia. I extend the storytelling methodology to encompass film and video projects that exhibit characteristics of Fourth World Cinema and discuss how such films can be used to empower indigenous communities and reclaim cultural and political rights.

Understanding how large-scale processes (>100 kms) influence ecological communities is currently a major focus in ecology. In marine systems, coastal upwelling, a large-scale oceanographic process in which surface water pushed offshore by winds is replaced by cold, nutrient-rich water from depth, appears to cause variation in rocky intertidal communities. Along the central Oregon coast upwelling occurs intermittently during the summer while on the southern coast it begins earlier in the spring and is less variable throughout the summer. Coastal upwelling can affect rocky intertidal communities by altering the delivery of nutrients, larvae, and phytoplankton. I conducted three studies on both the southern and central Oregon coast to understand how differences in upwelling affect rocky intertidal community structure and dynamics. In the first study, I examined the recruitment and growth rates of sessile invertebrates (mussels and barnacles). Recruitment of both mussels and barnacles, and growth of mussels were consistently higher on the central Oregon coast than the southern coast. Upwelled water is nutrient-rich, so differences in upwelling are likely to affect growth rates of macroalgae. In the second study, I tested this hypothesis by monitoring the growth of two species of intertidal kelp at both central and southern coast sites. During El Ni��o years, when upwelling is sharply reduced on the central Oregon coast, algae may fare better at sites on the southern coast where upwelling is less affected. However, during years when upwelling is strong all along the coast, nutrient limitation does not appear to differentially affect macroalgal growth rates. Finally, in the third study, I examined the influence of upwelling on the interactions between microalgal primary producers and herbivorous limpets. I conclude that this interaction is complex and varies both within and between upwelling regions. My research suggests that a transition in upwelling from weak and sporadic on the central Oregon coast to stronger and more persistent on the southern Oregon coast drives the striking differences in rocky intertidal community structure and dynamics between these areas. / Graduation date: 2003

The Franciscan Complex and Coast Range Ophiolite (CRO) are juxtaposed along the Coast Range Fault (CRF), which is steeply dipping to near vertical in the Stonyford area. The CRF has been interpreted as a thrust fault and a normal fault but no kinematic data has been presented for the Stonyford region. The CRO locally is internally disrupted and can be described as an ophiolitic mélange. Near Stonyford, serpentinites are in contact with Great Valley sediments to the east and with Franciscan rocks to the west. Mafic volcanics are only found at a few localities with some chert and gabbros. Massive serpentinites form most of the southernmost transect while foliated serpentinite mélange dominates the northern transects. Six structural geologic transects were made in the CRO along National Forest Service roads in the Mendocino National Forest near the Stonyford, California area. Data were collected from 21 road cuts totaling approximately 10 kilometers of CRO exposure. Exposures were typically two meters high with the main exception along Goat Mountain Road where the serpentinite was massive with outcrop heights of 10 to 20 meters. Fault plane orientations and sense of slip (where recognizable) were measured for all faults traceable for more than 10 cm. A total of 1,108 faults were measured, 414 contained lineations, and 326 had lineations with steps which determine sense of slip. Approximately two-thirds of the faults with full kinematics had evidence for normal offset. About 25% recorded reverse offset, mostly steeply dipping surfaces. Strike-slip faulting, both right and left-lateral, accounted for 10% of the data. The ascent of the Franciscan and CRO, and upturning of the Knoxville Formation (Great Valley Group) to near vertical attitude was mostly a result of normal faulting. The Great Valley Group strata, with little internal offset by faulting, indicates the disruption of the CRO near Stonyford predates most of the normal faulting. This is consistent with pre-subduction deformation of the CRO in an oceanic fracture zone. / text

Coast Salish coiled basketry has been a much-neglected area of research. Previous investigations into this topic have been primarily concerned with geo-cultural distributions, and discussions pertaining to stylistic attributes. In recent years several scholars have turned their attention to the topic of Salish weavings, but they have focused their efforts quite narrowly on textiles made from wool and other similar fibres to the exclusion of weaving techniques such as basketry which utilise local roots and barks. This thesis will focus exclusively on one type of Salish basketry - coiled basketry. In this thesis I explore different ways of identifying, or "knowing", Coast Salish coiled cedar root basketry. I specifically focus on Sto:lo basketry and identify three ways in which Sto:lo basket makers "know" these objects. First I discuss the Halkomelem terminology and what insights it provides to indigenous classification systems. Secondly, I situate coiled basketry in a broader Coast Salish weaving complex in order to discuss how basketry is influenced by other textile arts. This also enables me to explore how Sto:lo weavers identify a well-made object. In the final section I discuss ownership of designs by individuals and their families. This research draws primarily from interviews conducted with Sto:lo basket makers between May and September 2000 in their communities and at the Museum of Anthropology at UBC. It is supplemented by interviews with basket makers from other Salish communities and by the ethnographic literature on this topic.

This thesis focuses on the production and display of weavings made by a small number of Musqueam women, who in the 1980s began weaving in the tradition of their ancestors. It addresses the way in which these weavings, positioned throughout Vancouver and worn in public settings, build a visual presence to counter the exclusion of Coast Salish cultural representations from the public construction of history in Vancouver and the discourse of Northwest Coast art. The Vancouver International Airport and the Museum of Anthropology at the University o f British Columbia both share with Musqueam a history of place. A distinct relationship fostered between Museum staff and members of the Musqueam community has yielded several exhibits since the first, Hands of Our Ancestors: The Revival of Weaving at Musqueam, opened in 1986. The presence of Musqueam material at the Museum is part of an extensive history of interaction and negotiation between Canadian museums and the cultural communities whose histories, traditions and material culture are represented - a history which encompasses issues of representation, authorship and authority. The Vancouver International Airport is also situated on Musqueam traditional territory. Designed by representatives from the Musqueam Cultural Committee and the Airport project team, the international arrivals area features works of contemporary Musqueam artists which are intended to create a sense of place with an emphasis on the distinctiveness of its location. Travelers cross several thresholds in the terminal - the sequence o f these crossings carefully choreographed so that deplaning passengers pass from the non-space of international transience to a culturally specific space marked by Musqueam's cultural representations, and then past Customs into Canada. Certain incidents at these sites indicate that visibility and self-representation do not in themselves answer the problems of power and history. When the Museum of Anthropology hosted a meeting for leaders of the Asia Pacific Economic Community in 1997, a newly implemented protocol agreement between Musqueam and the Museum was broken; and in a number of instances, achievements at the Airport have also been impaired. Despite these limits, weavings are not examples of token native inclusion as some critics argue. Rather, they are cultural representations strategically deployed by the Musqueam community. Enlarged from traditional blankets to monumental hangings, these weavings participate with other more recognized monumental Northwest Coast forms. They are visual, public signifiers of Musqueam identity which, without violating boundaries between public and private knowledge, carry messages from the community to a broader audience - messages intended to mark Musqueam's precedence in Vancouver's past as well as to claim visibility in the present.

This study addresses the question of the nature of indigenous people's connection to the land, and the implications of this for articulating these connections in legal arenas where questions of Aboriginal title and land claims are at issue. The idea of 'place' is developed, based in a phenomenology of dwelling which takes profound attachments to home places as shaping and being shaped by ontological orientation and social organization. In this theory of the 'senses of place', the author emphasizes the relationships between meaning and power experienced and embodied in place, and the social systems of property and territory that forms indigenous land tenure systems. To explore this theoretical notion of senses of place, the study develops a detailed ethnography of a Coast Salish Aboriginal community on southeast Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Through this ethnography of dwelling, the ways in which places become richly imbued with meanings and how they shape social organization and generate social action are examined. Narratives with Coast Salish community members, set in a broad context of discussing land claims, provide context for understanding senses of place imbued with ancestors, myth, spirit, power, language, history, property, territory and boundaries. The author concludes in arguing that by attending to a theorized understanding of highly local senses of place, nuanced conceptions of indigenous relationships to land which appreciate indigenous relations to land in their own terms can be articulated.

Graduation date: 1991

Thesis (M.S.)--Humboldt State University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 19-28, 49-57). Also available via Humboldt Digital Scholar.

Thesis (Ph. D)--UCLA, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 291-325).