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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Coccidioidomicose no estado de Cearà (1995-2007): caracterÃsticas clÃnico-laboratoriais e anÃlise das fraÃÃes protÃicas do antÃgeno total de Coccidioides posadasii no imunodiagnÃstico / Coccidioidomycosis State of Cearà (1995 - 2007): characteristics clinical laboratory and analysis of protein fractions of antigen total Coccidioides posadasii in the immunodiagnosis

Silviane Praciano Bandeira 04 December 2008 (has links)
Coccidioidomicose consiste em enfermidade causada pelos fungos dimÃrficos do gÃnero Coccidioides â C. immitis e C. posadasii â que acomete o homem e diversos animais como bovinos, ovinos, roedores e cÃes. Restrita ao continente americano, casos da doenÃa vem ocorrendo no Estado do Cearà desde 1995. A infecÃÃo ocorre geralmente por contato inalatÃrio com as estruturas infectantes do fungo presentes no ambiente, os artroconÃdeos. Em sua fase parasitÃria, os microrganismos se apresentam sob a forma de esfÃrulas responsÃveis pelas manifestaÃÃes clÃnicas da doenÃa. A maioria dos casos cursa de forma assintomÃtica, sendo os quadros respiratÃrios os mais comuns em pacientes clinicamente enfermos. O diagnÃstico da doenÃa se baseia em tÃcnicas microbiolÃgicas como pesquisa direta e cultura, porÃm estes procedimentos demandam estrutura especializada â nÃvel de biosseguranÃa III -por tratar-se de microrganismo de classe biolÃgica 3. Abordagem imunolÃgica mostra-se promissora por prescindir da manipulaÃÃo fÃngica e ser exeqÃÃvel em diversos laboratÃrios de rotina micolÃgica. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se traÃar perfil clÃnicolaboratorial dos casos de coccidioidomicose ocorridos no Estado do Cearà entre os anos de 1995 e 2007, alÃm de obter fraÃÃes antigÃnicas a partir do fracionamento de AntÃgeno total de C. posadasii empregÃveis como imunodiagnÃstico da doenÃa. Foram catalogados 19 casos da doenÃa no perÃodo em estudo. Todos os pacientes eram homens jovens com manifestaÃÃes respiratÃrias, com exceÃÃo de um caso. O hÃbito recreativo de caÃar tatus foi relatado por 18 pacientes. A abordagem laboratorial destes casos consistiu em estudo microbiolÃgico, associado a tÃcnicas moleculares, imunolÃgicas, histopatolÃgicas ou de experimentaÃÃo animal. O fracionamento protÃico do AntÃgeno total de C. posadasii originou trÃs fraÃÃes antigÃnicas com teor protÃico distinto, perfil eletroforÃtico diferenciado e imunorreatividade pela tÃcnica de Western blotting. A fraÃÃo 60-90% revelou banda imunorreagente de aproximadamente 30 a 40 KDa reconhecida por soros de coccidioidomicose, porÃm apresentando reatividade cruzada com alguns soros de paciente com histoplasmose. Esta banda protÃica, em estudos posteriores, poderà ser caracterizada e purificada com potencial utilizaÃÃo como ferramenta para o imunodiagnÃstico da doenÃa. / Coccidiodomycosis is a disease caused by dimorphic fungi of the Coccidioides genus â C. immitis and C. posadasii â which afflicts people and various animals, such as cattle, goats, rodents and dogs. It is restricted to the Americas and cases have been reported in the state of Cearà only since 1995. The infection generally results from inhaling the infectious structures arthroconidia -of the fungus. In its parasitic phase, the microorganisms responsible for the clinical signs of the disease have a spherical shape. Most cases are asymptomatic, and respiratory problems are the most common symptoms in patients that are clinically affected. The diseaseâs diagnosis is based on microbiological techniques such as direct examination of clinical specimens and culturing, but these procedures require specialized biosecurity level 3 facilities because the microorganism falls in biological class 3. The immunological approach appears promising because it does not require manipulation of the fungi and can be performed in various laboratories equipped for routine mycological tests. The aim of this work is to outline the clinical and laboratory profile of the cases of coccidiodomycosis that occurred in the state of Cearà between 1995 and 2007 and to report experiments to obtain antigenic fractions from fractioning AntÃgeno total of C. posadasii, as a possible means for immunodiagnosis of the disease. A total of 19 cases of the disease were cataloged in the study period. All the patients were young men with respiratory symptoms, except for one case. All but one of the patients reported they engaged in recreational hunting of armadillos. The laboratory approach in these cases consisted of microbiological examination combined with molecular, immunological, histopathological techniques or animal experiments. The protein fractioning of AntÃgeno total of C. posadasii produced three antigenic fractions with different protein content, electrophoretic profile and immunoreactivity according to the Western blotting technique. The 60-90% fraction showed an immunoreactive band of approximately 30 to 40 KDa, recognizable by sera from patients with coccidiodomycosis, but showed crossreactivity with some sera from patient with histoplasmosis. This protein band, in subsequent studies, can be characterized and purified for potential use as a tool for immunodiagnosis of the disease.

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