Through the consideration of Adorno’s theory of ‘negative dialectics’ the existing society of art is in a state of alienation. This idea considers units of similarity abstracted from one another and thereby establishing an opposition; a negative dialectic relationship between creatives. “Instead of belonging to the world, man put himself rationally and critically opposite it...“ (Jencks & Baird, 1969, p. 216). The concept that a future can exist free from alienation lends toward a future of collaborative community considered within the context of cultural production. Culture is not merely the manifestation of the human mind into a creative material medium; it is also a mechanism of interaction developed through social behaviour such as a custom or an idea. Kristeva’s construct, ‘the abject’ (that which is neither subject nor object), is used to define the scope of this project. Producing culture using space is not defining object in space nor is it defining subject in space. The triadic interaction between object, subject and abject is important in understanding the cultural system within the built environment. This is conceptually intended to manifest the communal identity of creatives within the host building. Considering the explicit (whereby knowledge and social interaction are produced) and implicit (which considers action between object and subject) relationships reinforces the argument. The understanding of the relationship between cultural media and mediators is to be explored spatially in the adaptive reuse of the Sunnyside Post Office into a production house and exhibition space, utilising social applications to defining a model for a creative cohesion. / Dissertation (MInt(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2014. / Architecture / MInt(Prof) / Unrestricted

Alhoewel dit hierdie jaar agtien jaar gelede is, nadat die Apartheidsisteem tot ‘n einde gekom het, kan die voetspore van verdeeldheid op grond van ras en etnisiteit tog nog gesien word in die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing. Verskeie akademici erken wel dat die land ver gekom het in terme van versoening en sosiale kohesie, maar dat daar nog ‘n lang pad voorlê. Statistiek Suid-Afrika toon aan dat die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing oorwegend religieus is, daarom is die navorser se vermoede dat die kerk ‘n groter rol kan en moet speel in terme van die bevordering van versoening en sosiale kohesie in Suid-Afrika. Die navorser stel dus ondersoek in na multikulturele liturgieë en of multikulturele eredienste as rolspelers in die bevordering van versoening en sosiale kohesie. Die vraagstelling van die navorsing is dus: Watter ritueel-liturgiese kwaliteite tydens multikulturele aanbidding kan ‘n positiewe en opbouende effek op sosiale kohesie en versoening in die huidige Suid-Afrikaanse konteks hê? Die navorser het die navorsingsvraag ondersoek deur middel van ‘n literatuurstudie in die veld van liturgie, antropologie en ook sosiologie. Die vraag is ook verder ondersoek deur middel van empiriese navorsing by drie verskillende multikulturele eredienste in Pretoria. Die volgende aspekte is deur die loop van die jaar nagevors: <ul> <li> Teologiese en sosiologiese interpretasie van die huidige sosiale konteks van Suid-Afrika – in hierdie gedeelte van die navorsing het die navorser gepoog om die konteks van die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing vir die leser weer te gee. Daar is grotendeels gebruik gemaak van die Sensus 2001 om die demografiese gegewens van Suid-Afrika weer te gee. Verder is die samelewing ook ondersoek deur gebruik te maak van sentrale teoretiese begrippe naamlik vergifnis, versoening, sosiale transformasie, sosiale kohesie en sosiale identiteit.</li> <li> Die aard van multikultulturele eredienste en die waarde van simbole, rituele en seremonies – in hierdie hoofstuk word daar ondersoek ingestel na die teologie van multikulturele liturgieë. Eerstens word daar gekyk na die waarde van simbole, rituele en seremonies binne multikulturele eredienste. Daarna word die ontwikkeling van die liturgie soos beïnvloed deur kultuur in breë trekke beskryf. Die essensie van aanbidding word ook op die tafel geplaas. Laastens word ‘n voorlopige teologie van multikulturele eredienste saamgestel uit die literatuurstudie.</li> <li> Gedetailleerde beskrywing van drie onderskeie eredienste – die drie multikulturele eredienste word in die fynste detail beskryf na aanleiding van wat voor, tydens en na die erediens gebeur. Die struktuur van die kerkgebou asook die liturgiese ruimte word in detail weer gegee.</li> <li> Empiriese navorsingsdata (fokusgroepe) analise – die navorser het onderhoude gevoer met gekose kandidate wat gereeld die onderskeie multikulturele eredienste bywoon om verdere kennis aangaande mense se belewenis van die eredienste in te samel.</li></ul> Die gevolgtrekking van die navorsing vind dan neerslag in die voorlopige teorie van multikulturele eredienste wat versoening en sosiale kohesie bevorder. ENGLISH : Although 2012 marks eighteen years since the demise of Apartheid, traces of division based on race and ethnicity can still be witnessed in the South African society. Several academics acknowledge that the country has made good progress with regards to reconciliation and social cohesion but that there is still a lot of work to be done. Statistics South Africa show that the majority of the South African society are religious. The researcher therefore supposes that the church can play a greater role in the promotion and strengthening of reconciliation and social cohesion. The research question are therefore as follows: Which ritual-liturgical qualities during multicultural worship can have a positive and edifying effect on social cohesion and reconciliation in the current South African context? The researcher has investigated this research question through a literature study in the fields of liturgy, anthropology and sociology. The research question was furthermore investigated through means of empirical research at three different multicultural worship services in Pretoria. The following aspects were studied throughout this year: <ul> <li> Theological and sociological interpretations of the current social context in South Africa – in this part of the research the researcher focused on providing the reader with a reflection on the current context in South Africa. The researcher primarily made use of the South African Census of 2001 to present the demographic information of the country. The society was also investigated by making use of a number of central concepts including forgiveness, reconciliation, social transformation, social cohesion and social identity.</li> <li> The nature of multicultural worship and the value of symbols, rituals and ceremonies – in this chapter multicultural liturgies are investigated. Firstly the researcher looks at the value of symbols, rituals and ceremonies in multicultural worship services. The development of liturgy as it was influenced by culture are discussed in broad terms. The essence of worship is also touched upon. Lastly a preliminary theology of multicultural worship services are developed based on the literature study.</li> <li> A detailed description of the three different worship services – the three multicultural worship services are descibed in as much detail as possible based on what happens before, during and after the worship service. The physical structure of the church building as well as a desciption of the liturgical space is also presented.</li> <li> Analysis of the empirical data (focus groups) – the researcher conducted interviews with selected candidates who attend the different multicultural worship services regularly in order to gain more knowledge about their experiences of the worship services.</li></ul> The conclusion of the research can then be found in the preliminary theory of multicultural worship services that promotes reconcilation and social cohesion. / Dissertation (MTh)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

The aim of the study was to describe the perception of the family by child clients of counselling psychological clinics and compare the perception of family cohesion with children with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. The research file consisted of 124 children aged 5- 18 (mean 10.4). Children were administered FAST (Family System Test). We assumed that total family cohesion would be lower in the families of children with externalizing symptoms than in the families of children with internalizing symptoms. This assumption was not supported, there were no significant differences in the level of overall family cohesion among children with externalizing and internalizing symptoms, but the two groups differed from the children without symptoms. The results are in accordance with the theoretical assumption of a linear relationship between family cohesiveness and adaptation of family members. We also assumed that dyadic cohesiveness in the father-mother pair would correlate with dyadic cohesiveness in the child-father pair, and gained data provided support for this assumption. The occurrence of inverted hierarchies and intergenerational coalitions in our sample is higher than in the general population. Qualitative analysis of children's verbal commentaries on family representations supported the...

In this study, we explore what can affect the development of team cohesion in the entrepreneurial team. We show the relationship between team members' cohesion and team performance over five main categories: (Ⅰ) Prior Condition, (Ⅱ) Conflict, (Ⅲ) Strategy, (Ⅳ) Task Interaction in the team, (Ⅴ) Social interaction in the team. Based on the research method of comparative cases, we selected six Chinese entrepreneurial teams as research objects. We show how individual behaviour affects the development of team cohesion in the entrepreneurial team at the individual level and team level. More specifically, we consider that entrepreneurial team cohesion changes are more complicated than traditional teams. The team cohesion of the entrepreneurial team has certain randomness because there is no guidance from the leader. The influence of personal factors on team cohesion will be more intense. When the entrepreneurial team improves team cohesion, team members need to participate more.

Thesis (M. Sc. (Microbiology) -- University of Limpopo, 2019 / Marula wine plays a fundamental role in the livelihoods of rural communities where it enhances social cohesion and also provides a reasonable income to the primary traders who often have no alternative source of income. Spontaneous fermentation will inevitably include microbes that produce undesirable metabolites, which lead to the spoilage and short shelf life of the wine. The aim of this study was to profile the microbial and chemical changes during fermentation of marula wine. Marula wines were collected from three areas in the Limpopo province namely: University of Limpopo, The Oaks village and Makhushane village. The bacterial species Gluconobacter oxydans, Acetobacter pasteurianus, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus nagelii, Lactobacillus parabuchneri and Lactobacillus plantarum species and yeast species Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Pichia guilliermondii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Meyerozyma caribbica were identified in marula wines at varying stages of fermentation. Non-fermenting yeast species such as H. guilliermondii together with lactic acid bacteria such as L. brevis and L. plantarum and the Enterobacteriaceae dominated the early stages of fermentation, whereas S. cerevisiae and Acetic acid bacteria dominated the late stages of fermentation. Chemical profiling of the marula juice and wine, which was achieved using both high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC), revealed sucrose as the most abundant sugar in the marula juice with a range of 60.43 mg/mL to 73.20 mg/mL. Volatile organic compounds such as ethanol, ethyl acetate and isobutanol were observed during the fermentation process with none to very little of the volatile compounds detected in marula juice. Ethyl-acetate was the most abundant compound whereas ethanol concentration was observed to be high during the late stages of fermentation at a range of 1.16 g/L to 12.63 g/L. Common microbiota from different marula wines showed low intraspecific diversity indicating that the microorganisms responsible for the spontaneous fermentation are the same throughout the different areas that were selected for this study. The outcomes of the study provide empirical data to develop a wine with a long shelf life.

The current study sought to answer the question: Does reported family coherence and adaptability differ between parents who completed private, public, and international adoptions? The desired population was adoptive parents in the United States. The survey utilized two existing measures, the Family Sense of Coherence (FSOC) and the Family Adaptation Scales (FAS). Results of a one-way independent ANOVA showed that adoption type (i.e. private, public, international) had no significant effect on FSOC and FAS sum scores. Future research should recruit a larger and more representative sample of adoptive parents in the United States, so that findings can be used to tailor educational programming with adoptive parents.

This study is aimed at identifying ways in which architecture can facilitate social cohesion and desegregation. The preindustrial vernacular, which has failed to adapt from apartheid ideologies, has been proposed to include social integration as opposed to the creation of segregated environments. This is achieved through the design of an urban waiting room and gateway at the threshold between Pretoria Station and the inner city of Pretoria. The investigation can be summarised as creating entopia, which translates to achievable space, focus on architecture of the every day, cater to real world needs of city users and address problems unique to place and setting - which in the context of Pretoria, includes the promotion of social integration. Copyright 2011, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Heinrich, O 2011, Entopia : creating an urban transition space, MArch(Prof) dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11292011-162950 / > C12/4/38/gm / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Architecture / unrestricted

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / This article describes consolidated Direct Cut tests not drained in the laboratory, carried out on samples of volcanic sand from Arequipa, Peru. The samples were tested for maximum dry density and optimal moisture content; Furthermore, they were reinforced with polypropylene fibers and cement. The samples were reinforced with 0.5% cement with respect to the dry weight of the sample soil and tested at 3 days. The added polypropylene fiber has dimensions of 48 mm wide with 1.2855 mm long and 0.3325 mm thick, and they were used in different percentages regarding the dry weight of the soil sample (0.25% -0.75% -1.00% -1.25%). The results of the tests indicated that the addition of polypropylene fibers together with the cement increases the resistance to cut proportionally to the amount of fiber up to 1% of fiber, this being the best result obtained, decreasing the resistance as the percentage of polypropylene fiber.

The tension between the Ndebele and Shona people dates back to the precolonial era and this has been one of the major threats to Zimbabwe’s peace. Ethnic tensions have resulted in the loss of thousands of lives since the country’s independence, especially during the Entumbane clashes and Gukurahundi massacres. The government has in several ways, tried to bring social cohesion between the two with limited success. Four examples are: the initiatives done through the 1980 reconciliation pronouncement by Prime Minster Robert Mugabe, 1987 Unity Accord between PF ZAPU and ZANU PF, the Government of National Unity, and the Commission on National Healing and Reconciliation of 2008. The failure may be attributed to amnesia and the unwillingness to repent from past evils by the perpetrators. Seemingly, the major problem may be attributed to the fact that interested parties often played the mediatory role; and one cannot objectively be both player and referee. In addition, over the years, the church through her ecumenical bodies has tried to build bridges between the two but the efforts were also fruitless due to the unwillingness by the government to take recommendations from the church and civic organisations. The thesis proposes Pauline ethics regarding reconciliation in the Corinthian correspondence as inspiration for social cohesion between the Ndebele and Shona tribes. As hermeneutical tools, Paul’s key symbols such as Christ, the Cross of Christ, Ambassador, New Creation, and Baptism shall be deployed as epistemological lenses in promoting identity tags that go beyond ethnicity. I propose that, for these symbols to be effective, the following recommendations should be taken seriously; setting up of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), refraining from using ethnic offensive language, introduction of Ndebele and Shona languages in primary and secondary schools in the provinces dominated by these two ethnic groups, substituting ethnic provincial names with neutral ones, substituting ethnic registration system of people with a neutral one, and the devolution of power. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2018. / Biblical and Religious Studies / PhD / Unrestricted

Despite the increase in Asian college student population, this group remains one of the most understudied, due to the myth of “model minority.” Many Asian students adjust well academically but often experience high levels of stress, anxiety, or depression due to factors such as acculturation to Western culture, pressure from parents to succeed, ethnic identity issues, intergenerational conflict, immigration status, racism, and discrimination. This study examined the role of five dimensions of Asian values (collectivism, conformity to norms, emotional self-control, family recognition through achievement, and humility) as a moderator in the relationship among peer group cohesion and four dimensions of college adjustment (academic adjustment, social adjustment, personal-emotional adjustment, and attachment) among 150 Asian college students. Data were collected from Asian American and Asian international students attending a college in the United States who completed an online survey. Eighty percent of the students reported low college adjustment on one or more dimensions measured; however, personal-emotional adjustment and attachment was positively correlated with group cohesion. The results of the moderation analyses indicated that Asian value of humility moderated the effects of cohesion and personal emotional adjustment. Specifically, students who had lower Asian value of humility and high peer group cohesion also reported higher personal emotional adjustment. No other dimensions of Asian values were found to be significant moderators. Implications of the study in terms of future research and college programs for Asian students are discussed.