The primary aim of this thesis has been to describe the complex influences governing the production of fashionable furniture in C18th England and France in order to reassess the connection between material practices, the cultures in which they reside and the philosophical ideas from which they emerge. This has been achieved by detailing the factors influencing the design and production of late C18th furniture in England and France and developing a comparative model developed around the Harewood Library Table by Thomas Chippendale and The Wallace Collection F302 Secrétaire á abattant by Riesener, in order to isolate, identify and interpret differences between them. This innovative case study sits at the heart of this thesis and describes in detail how these pieces were designed and constructed and how they relate to the wider cultures from which they emerged. The result of this is apparent in a number of outcomes. Firstly, the thesis offers a definitive summary of the key characteristics of Chippendale’s and Riesener’s work which will better enable practitioners (conservators, curators, collectors, etc.) to identify pieces made by these makers, analyze their condition and help conserve these important pieces of furniture: furniture history currently is over‐dependent on much more subjective approaches to this process of identification. Secondly, the thesis examines different aspects of furniture making in England and France (literature on the workshops, information on economic conditions, evidence relating to tools and materials etc.) and integrates them in such a way as to provide an authoritative account of the complex processes involved in the commissioning of such fashionable furniture. The thesis not only helps us better understand furniture making in England and France at a structural level during this key period of transition but also provides an original and systematic approach to writing a history around such material cultures, demonstrating how important it is to the full(est) comprehension of history that such fashionable objects be understood. Where other frequently more privileged objects (written documents, paintings and sculptures etc.) have been seen to provide valuable historical insights, this thesis argues that fashionable furniture can now be seen to provide its own unique perspectives on the time and on the society in which it was created.

As the primary cause of concrete bridge deck deterioration in the United States is corrosion of the steel reinforcement as a result of the application of chloride-based deicing salts, chloride concentration testing is among the most common techniques for evaluating the condition of a concrete bridge deck. The objectives of this research were to 1) compare concrete drilling and powder collection techniques to develop a sampling protocol for accurately measuring chloride concentrations and 2) determine the number of chloride concentration test locations necessary for adequately characterizing the chloride concentration of a given bridge deck. Laboratory experiments on concrete drilling and powder collection were conducted to compare current concrete powder sampling techniques, including constant and stepwise drilling methods and spoon and vacuum powder collection methods. In addition, three charts were prepared to determine the number of chloride concentration test locations necessary for adequately characterizing the chloride concentration of a given bridge deck. The number of samples is dependent on reliability, spatial variability in chloride concentration, and an allowable difference between sample and population means. For the experiment on drilling, this research shows that the practice of decreasing the size of the drill bit in a stepwise fashion with increasing sampling depth reduces the possibility of abrading concrete from the sides of the hole above the sampling depth, where the chloride concentrations are higher, during drilling of lower lifts. For the experiment on powder collection, this research demonstrates that representative samples of concrete powder can be collected with either a spoon or a vacuum. Based on the results of this research, the stepwise drilling method and either the spoon or vacuum powder collection method are recommended for application. In addition, the charts developed in this research are recommended for estimating the number of chloride concentration test locations necessary for adequately characterizing the chloride concentration of a given bridge deck. This research will be helpful in effectively assessing the condition of concrete bridge decks with respect to chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcing steel and prioritizing bridge maintenance and rehabilitation projects.

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Thesis (MPA.) --University of Limpopo, 2006 / Refer to the document

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I study art, and that is because I like to think about how it helps people learn. In particular I like to create insects as abstractions of nature to invite a different perspective on how the world works. I strive to create synergy through interdisciplinary projects so that people can learn through science, technology and art simultaneously. The point of intersection between these fields of study is where my work can be found. My artwork includes scientific photography of insect collections, 3-D scanning, rapid prototyping, molds and ceramic sculptures. All of these have specific processes and through them I have created abstractions of nature to invite a different perspective.

A House with People in It is a collection of stories working through concepts of identity, family, relationships, and how those things renew and replace themselves in perpetuity. I think of identity less of a rigid, singular thing and more of a swirling, fluid multitude. If the body is a house, then identity is the people who live inside it. How they live next to each other—who butts up against who, who sleeps in what bed—is what’s interesting to me. These works collected in this thesis are largely the stories that I think hew closest to the things that I am concerned with, in the identities that I occupy.

Careless responders have a large impact on a study by causing issues such as Type II errors (failing to reject a false null hypothesis), which then waste researchers’ time and money. Research on careless responding has focused primarily on detecting and removing careless responders rather than on reducing careless responding before data collection begins. The purpose of the present study was to test the use of honor codes with or without the presentation of a picture of watchful eyes to increase self-awareness thereby reducing careless responding. Participants (N = 305) were randomly assigned to one of five honor code conditions (control condition, read-only condition, type condition, read-and-eyes condition, or type-and-eyes condition) and then completed a number of personality measures. Participant’s responses were screened for careless responding. I found that when participant’s only read an honor code without a picture of watchful eyes on the screen, they were significantly more likely to engage in careless responding than were people in the control condition. There was no significant difference in careless responding in the control condition compared to the other three conditions (type condition, read-and-eyes condition, or type-and-eyes condition). This finding indicates that participants being presented only with an honor code, and no other cues of moral behavior, might lead to psychological reactance (i.e., participants perceiving their freedom or control was threatened). This psychological reactance was likely due to participants feeling coerced to respond honestly by the honor code rather than participants responding honestly on their own accord. Additionally, there were no differences on participant’s responses across conditions on a number of personality measures that may be sensitive to increased self-awareness. A number of exploratory analyses were also conducted to further examine psychological reactance. The present study provides answers and possible directions to a number of useful questions that could improve data quality and reduce potential negative effects of honor codes under certain circumstances.

The six short stories in this collection explore the lives and desires of disparate women. In "Sentinel," a woman visits an ex-boyfriend, injured in the army, and his family, with whom she has a fraught relationship, in their vacation home. A diagnosis of cancer spurs a woman to change her life in "Cell Division"; when a new possibility for treatment arises, she reconsiders the choice she made to take her life apart. In the story, "A Wake," a funeral and an unexpected pregnancy set the stage for the breakdown of a couple's relationship. In "A Cyclic Process," a woman conflates her ambivalence toward the anti-depressants she takes with her feelings about her relationship; in the end, she cannot let go of either. A woman, traveling with a new acquaintance, takes a trip to Venice in "The Edge of the World," and falls into an unsettling relationship with a man she meets there. The process of protein denaturation serves as a metaphor in "Marina," for the unraveling of a friendship between two teenage girls.

Un proyecto de construcción tiene como principales objetivos la rentabilidad y la obtención de utilidad. En la actualidad, en edificaciones de gran altura estos vienen siendo afectados por exceso de consumo de material no planificado, es decir el sobredesperdicio. La presente tesis tiene como finalidad analizar y darle seguimiento al flujo interno de dos de los materiales más incidentes en la construcción de una edificación: cemento y cerámico, con el fin de plantear como propuesta de mejora un procedimiento de trabajo que beneficie a la reducción de los sobredesperdicios. La metodología que se utilizó para obtener los datos del análisis consistió en el método de investigación de campo, dado que la recolección de datos se llevó a cabo directamente de tres proyectos de edificación mayor a los quince pisos de altura ubicados en la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana. Se hizo un análisis y seguimiento al flujo de distribución del material y de esta manera se obtiene, resultados que permiten determinar el problema raíz para poder analizarlo e implementar la mejor alternativa para reducir o eliminar estos factores que conllevan al aumento del desperdicio. Se concluye que las causas críticas o principales de estos sobredesperdicios son la falta de seguimiento, planificación, gestión y comunicación que se da en la mayoría de empresas constructoras. Luego de un análisis se establece un procedimiento de trabajo destinado al desarrollo de una actividad con el objetivo principal de disminuir los sobredesperdicios de los materiales identificados en su flujo de distribución. / A construction project has as its main objectives the profitability and the obtaining of utility. Currently, in high-rise buildings these are being affected by excess consumption of unplanned, over-wasted material. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and monitor the internal flow of two of the most incidental materials in the construction of a building, cement and ceramic, in order to propose as a proposal for improvement a work procedure that benefits the reduction of the over-waste. The methodology that was used to obtain the data of the analysis consisted of the field research method, given that the data collection was carried out directly from three building projects greater than fifteen floors high located in the city of Metropolitan Lima An analysis and monitoring of the distribution flow of the material was made and, in this way, results are obtained that allow the root problem to be determined in order to analyze it and implement the best alternative to reduce or eliminate these factors that lead to an increase in waste. It is concluded that the critical or main causes of these over-waste are the lack of monitoring, planning, management and communication that occurs in most construction companies, thereby establishing a work procedure for the development of an activity with the main objective to reduce the over-waste of the materials identified in its distribution flow. / Tesis