The purpose of this presente essay is to investigate the segment of State´s Legislative Televisions in Brazil, establishing as specific object of study the analysis of the technology offered to acess the schedule, models of management and the schedule profile of these broadcast TVs. The research focuses on the structure and organization of the TVs, extending them as a part of a complex public communication system which had its historic development imprinted by a minor complementary condition facing the brazilian State´s attempt to privilege the private initiative´s exploitation of the broadcasting service. The Legislative TVs in Brazil were created less than 20 years ago and have been one of the most important instruments used by the parliament in approximation and dialogue with society. It, furthermore, represents an improvement of the perspective of communication democracy´s systems, especially because it has distinct content in comparison to comercial media. The State´s Legislative TVs, specially mentioning the models of management, are also configured as space property of the Legislative Assembly Directors Table, where the guarantee of social participation determinant for the accountability and its conditions as vehicle of public communication is revealed as a necessary challenge. This aspect is intensified by the absence of a legislature to establish conditions for functionality, management and use of these TVs, either federal, state or municipal, becoming even more difficult to be supervised and controlled by society. / A presente dissertação investiga o segmento das TVs Legislativas estaduais no Brasil, estabelecendo como objeto específico a análise do tipo de tecnologia disponibilizada para o acesso à programação, os modelos de gestão e o perfil de programação dessas emissoras. A pesquisa se detém sobre a estrutura e organização dessas TVs, entendendo-as como parte de um complexo sistema de comunicação pública, que teve o seu desenvolvimento histórico marcado por uma condição de complementaridade marginal frente à opção do Estado brasileiro em privilegiar a iniciativa privada na exploração do serviço de radiodifusão. Com menos de 20 anos de existência no país, as TVs Legislativas têm se constituído como importantes instrumentos de aproximação e diálogo dos parlamentos com a sociedade, além de representarem um avanço na perspectiva da democratização dos meios de comunicação, especialmente por possibilitar conteúdos distintos dos veiculados na mídia comercial. Além disso, especialmente no que diz respeito às instâncias de gestão, as TVs Legislativas estaduais ainda se configuram como espaços de propriedade das Mesas Diretoras das Assembleias Legislativas, em que a garantia da participação social, elemento determinante para o cumprimento do seu papel de accountability e a sua condição de veículo do campo público de comunicação, ainda se revela como um desafio necessário. Isso se agrava com a ausência de uma legislação que estabeleça as condições de funcionamento, gestão e utilização dessas TVs, sejam elas federais, estaduais ou municipais, o que dificulta as possibilidades de acompanhamento e controle por parte da sociedade.

Instances of fraudulent acts are often headline news in the popular press in South Africa. Increasingly, these press reports point to the government tender process as being the main enabler used by the perpetrators committing the fraud. The cause of the tender fraud problem is confidentiality breach of information. This is accomplished, in part, by compromising the tender information contained in the government information system. This results in the biased award of a tender. Typically, the information in the tender process should be used to make decisions about a tender’s specifications, solicitation, evaluation and adjudication. The sharing of said information to unauthorised persons can be used to manipulate and corrupt the process. This in turn corrupts the tender process by awarding a tender to an unworthy recipient. This research studies the generic steps in the tender process to understand how information is used to corrupt the tender process. It proposes that conflict of interest, together with a lack of information confidentiality in the information system, paves the way for possible tender fraud. Thereafter, a system of internal controls is examined within the South African government as well as in foreign countries to investigate measures taken to reduce the breach of confidential information in the tender process. By referring to the Common Criteria Security Model, various critical security areas within the tender process are identified. This measure is assisted with the ISO/IEC 27002 (2005) standard which has guiding principles for the management of confidential information. Thereafter, an information security policy,the Chinese Wall Model will be discussed as a means of reducing instances where conflict of interest may occur. Finally, an adapted Chinese Wall Model, which includes elements of the tender process, is presented as a way of reducing fraud in the government tender process. Finally, the research objective of this study is presented in the form of Critical Success Factors that aid in reducing the breach of confidential information in the tender process. As a consequence, tender fraud is reduced. These success factors have a direct and serious impact on the effectiveness of the Chinese Wall Model to secure the confidentiality of tender information. The proposed Critical Success Factors include: the Sanitisation Policy Document, an Electronic Document Management System, the Tender Evaluation Ethics Document, the Audit Trail Log and the Chinese Wall Model Prosecution Register.

The diploma thesis deals with creating a marketing strategy proposal for company GN s.r.o. with focus on marketing mix. Diploma thesis is divided into theoretical, analytical and part of proposals. The theoretical part will be paid to defining the basic principles making marketing strategy proposal, creating marketing mix, product policy, price policy, distribution policy and communication policy, and market analysis. In the analytical part will be analyses current state of the company. In Part of proposals will be the marketing strategy proposal itself with focus on marketing mix.

PhD (African Studies) / Department of African Studies / Vanhu vo tala va vile xiphemu lexi endleke leswaku ndzavisiso lowu wu humelela. Ndzi khensa nghamu na vana lava va ndzi hlohloteleke no ndzi seketela hi mianakanyo. Ndzi tata ku khensa eka vatswari lava va nga phuphu ya mina. Vamakwerhu lava a va ndzi khutaza eka gondzo leri a ri nga olovi, kambe va ri olovisa leswaku ndzi kota ku rhelela. Ndzi ri, xandla eka henhla xin’wana xandla! Eka wena mudzaberi wa thesisi leyi, Dokodela Chauke M.T, namuntlha ndzi dya mihandzu leyi u tikarhateke swinene hi ku chela manyoro u cheleta yi kala yi vupfa. U bile comana swikwembu swi kala swi huma kutani namuntlha ndzi thwasile hikuva nyongwa se ndzi yi khomile hi mavoko ya mina. Dokodela Babane M.T na wena u vile mupfuneti wa mudzaberi hi vutshembeki. Tatana Maluleke (Ngwenya) Tinyiko na vapfuneti va wena hi tlhelo ra ku thayipa xitsariwa lexi wa khensiwa. Hakunene u ngwenya. Sesi Kudakwashe Chirobe, nseketelo na mitirho ya wena eka vuhumelerisi bya thesisi leyi swi khenseka hi xiheri (Zvakanaka shamwari!). buti Respect Mlambo na wena sesi Kudakwashe migingiriko ya n’wina ya ku ya hala na hala ku tiyisisa leswaku xitsariwa lexi xi tixaxametisa na swilaveko swa xihofisi swi tswarile mihandzu leyinene. I vanyingi lava hoxeke xandla ehenhla ka ndzavisiso lowu, ndzi ba mandla ndzi vuyelela eka n’wina hinkwenu handle ko mi hlaya hi mavito. Ndzi tlangela ku humelerisiwa ka mafumelo ya xidemokirasi laha Afrika-Dzonga. Swi ta va swi nga hetisekangi eka mina ku va ndzi vulavula hi xidemokirasi xa Afrika-Dzonga loko vito ra Dokodela Rolihlahla Mandela ri nga boxiwangi. Hi un’wana wa tinghanakana ta valweri va ndzingandzingano wa tindzimi eka swin’wana swa swona. Ingi moya wa yena wu nga wisa hi kurhula swinene. Eku heteleleni, ndzi khensa Muvumbi tanihileswi masungulo ya vutlhari ku nga ku chava Yehovha. Hi yena loyi a ndzi tsetseleleke no ndzi hletela ku kondza ndzi gwaza. / NRF