Late expression factor 3 is one of the six AcMNPV genes essential for DNA replication identified through transient replication assays. LEF-3 is a single stranded DNA binding protein responsible for the transportation of the viral helicase (P143) into the nucleus of the infected cell. In this study, a protein complementation-based assay was adapted to identify the region(s) of LEF-3 that is (are) involved in LEF-3-LEF-3 protein interactions. The full-length LEF-3, or various truncated LEF-3 regions were fused with Venus1 (N- terminus portions of full length Venus, a modified yellow fluorescence protein) or Venus2 (C- terminus). Venus1 and Venus2 fragments generated a functional fluorescent Venus protein when the two fragments were brought together by protein-protein interaction of the fused LEF-3 constructs. Fluorescence generated by coexpression of full-length LEF-3 fusion proteins confirmed that LEF-3 exists as homo-oligomer. Interaction between the full-length and the N- terminal (aa 1-189) or C- terminal regions (aa 190-385), and between the various truncated LEF-3 regions suggested the complexity of LEF-3 oligomeric structure. LEF-3 constructs deleted for NLS function revealed cytoplasmic fluorescence, suggesting that LEF-3-LEF-3 interactions occur in the absence of DNA or nuclear proteins. Because LEF-3 is essential for nuclear transporting the viral helicase (P143), the ability of LEF-3 to interact with another viral protein was investigated. P47, a sub-unit of the viral RNA polymerase was chosen because it is cytoplasmic when expressed on its own. The interaction between LEF-3 and P47 produced complete nuclear localized fluorescent signals. Overall, the results suggest that there are multiple regions of LEF-3 that are capable of closely interacting, and that multiple domains are likely involved in the oligomerization of full-length LEF-3. The interaction of LEF-3 with P47 suggests that P47 may be another LEF-3 cargo protein. / Thesis (Master, Microbiology & Immunology) -- Queen's University, 2011-05-27 15:02:53.983

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Texas, Dec., 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

This paper examines the use of infinitival and gerundial constructions by intermediate Spanish learners. The use of those two patterns creates problems for second language learners at intermediate and advanced levels. However, there are only few studies on their second language acquisition, and fewer focus on Spanish learners. This study tries to resolve this and to this end, I retrieved all hits of the two constructions from the Spanish component of the International Learner Corpus of English (SP-ICLE). I run a distinctive collexeme analysis (DCA) to identify the verbs that are associated with either pattern. The results are discussed at three different levels: (i) the identification of verbs that Spanish learners associate with each construction; (ii) a systematic comparison with previous studies on native speakers to show possible similarities/discrepancies; and (iii) a comparison of the results with findings on German learners to discuss possible effects of language similarity and transfer.

No description available.

This dissertation examines the syntax and semantics of clausal complements. It identifies semantic underpinnings for some syntactic properties of the arguments of propositional attitude verbs. The way clausal arguments compose with their embedding predicates is not uniform and semantic differences emerge from the syntactic context clausal arguments appear in. Three case studies are taken up: clausal arguments of nouns, dislocated clausal arguments (sentential subjects and topics), and infinitival complements with overt subjects (AcI constructions). Chapter Two assembles evidence to support Stowell’s (1981) claim that the clausal complements of nouns are modifiers. It is shown that the clausal complements of nouns behave like adjuncts in their ability to bleed condition C (Kuno 2004 and Jacobson 2003, and explored here further). The compositional strategy used to compose attitude nouns with their arguments, following Kratzer (2006), is shown to account for this behavior and to be commensurate with observations made by Grimshaw (1990). I then show how the modifier status of clausal complements of nouns is determined by the way in which nominals are formed from clause-taking verbs. Chapter Three examines another complementation strategy, found with fronted clauses. New data from binding is provided in support of Koster’s (1978) hypothesis that clauses do not move. Specifically, fronted clauses fail to show the effects of syntactic reconstruction. An analysis, making crucial use of de re attitude ascription, is offered to account for ‘apparent’ binding into fronted clauses. Chapter Four makes the case for enriching the meanings of clausal complements. By examining some new patterns with accusative with infinitive (AcI) constructions (such as I see him to be a fool), I argue for decomposing certain doxastic attitude verbs, putting the introduction of alternatives into the complement. Here too the role of de re attitude ascription is shown to play a crucial role. It is argued that AcI constructions involve de re attitude ascription, with added constraints (determined by the lexical content of the embedding verb) on the nature of the Acquaintance Relation (Kaplan 1968, Lewis 1979). Several predictions about the kinds of verbs that can participate in AcI are borne out.

Pine savannas of the Southeastern United States are generally managed using prescribed fire, which creates the vegetation structure required by their associated fauna. However, little is known about the effects that size and spatial pattern of prescribed fire have on wildlife. During a 3 year radio-telemetry study, I monitored movement and hazard of adult bobwhites in a landscape managed with prescribed fires of varying size. I also monitored growth and survival of bobwhite chicks in response to fire size and spatial pattern. Adult movement was negatively related to percentage of home range burned. Hazard rates were negatively related to movement and percentage of home range burned. Chick growth was negatively related to movement and home range size. Chick survival was positively related to percentage of home range burned, and likelihood of brood success was negatively related to hatch date and positively related to number of eggs hatched.

Les polyomavirus sont des virus très prévalents dans la population générale. Chez les sujets immunodéprimés, quatre polyomavirus sont associés à des pathologies. Parmi ces virus, le MCPyV est quant à lui responsable du carcinome à cellules de Merkel. Son implication dans un cancer humain a conduit à un regain d’intérêt pour la famille des Polyomaviridae. Au cours de ma thèse, nous nous somme intéressés à l’épidémiologie de six nouveaux polyomavirus humains (MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, HPyV9 et MWPyV). Ces études ont montré que ces virus sont très répandus dans la population générale et que les infections surviennent dès l’enfance. Par ailleurs, nous nous sommes intéressés aux réactivités croisées entre polyomavirus humains et simiens phylogénétiquement proches. Nous avons montré qu’il existe des cross réactions entre le LPyV et l’HPyV9, entre le MCPyV et deux virus de chimpanzé (PtvPyV1 et PtvPyV2). Ces polyomavirus simiens ne circulent donc pas chez l’Homme. D’autre part, afin de mieux comprendre le cycle du MCPyV, nous avons initié l’identification des partenaires cellulaires de l’ensemble de ses protéines. Ce travail a tout d’abord été réalisé sur les protéines mineures de capside VP2/VP3. Des cribles en double hybride en levure ont permis d’identifier les partenaires cellulaires des VP2/3. L’interaction effective entre les protéines virales et cellulaires a ensuite été validée en cellules de mammifères par une approche de complémentation de la luciférase Gaussia princeps. Les partenaires cellulaires des protéines VP2/VP3 identifiés sont impliqués dans les voies de prolifération cellulaire, d’apoptose, NF?B et dans le transport intracellulaire du virus. / Polyomaviruses are ubiquitous in the general population and in immunocompromised patients, and four are associated with disease. 0f these viruses, MCPyV is responsible for Merkel ceil carcinoma, and its involvement in human cancer has led to a renewed interest in the Polyomaviridae family. My thesis work has focused on the epidemiology of six new human polyomaviruses (MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, HPyV9 and MWPyV). These studies have shown that these viruses are widespread in the genera population and that infection occurs in early childhood. We have also focused on cross-reactivity between phylogenetically closely related human and simian polyomaviruses. We have shown that there is cross-reactivity between sirnian virus LPyV and HPyV9 and between MCPyV and two chimpanzee viruses (PtvPyVl and PtvPyV2). However, these simian polyomaviruses do not circulate in humans. Moreover, in order to improve understanding of the cycle of MCPyV, we set out to identify the cellular partners of its proteins. This work was initially performed on minor capsid proteins VP2 and VP3. Screening in yeast two-hybrid identified cellular partners of VP2 and VP3. Interactions between viral and cellular proteins were then validated in mammalian celis by complementation assay using Gaussia princeps luciferase. Cellular patners of VP2 and VP3 are involved in ceil proliferation, apoptosis, NFkB and intracellular transport of the virus.

Cette thèse étudie le schéma de complémentation capacitif, présent dans les occurrence suivantes : The tent sleeps four ; The bench seats two. Il attribue au référent du sujet une capacité d’accueil quantifiée. Dans cette structure, l’alignement entre fonction syntaxique et rôle sémantique n’est pas canonique. Le sujet a un rôle de localisation et le complément post-verbal de mesure a un rôle agentif, habituellement rempli par le sujet. La modification de cet alignement prototypique permet de signifier la capacité sans avoir recours à un marqueur dédié. La thèse propose de décrire et d’analyser ce schéma de complémentation peu mentionné dans la littérature existante. La description des constituants de la structure est fondée sur l’étude d’une base de données. Un profil formel de ce type d’énoncés est proposé. Le sujet est toujours envisagé comme un contenant. Le verbe dénote un besoin naturel en lien avec le référent du sujet. Le complément de mesure code une quantité dont l’unité de mesure est un animé humain. Il n’y a pas de marqueur dédié à l’expression du capacitif dans le schéma. Cette modalité de type possible émerge via le lien, matérialisé par le verbe, entre les entités nominales sujet et complément de mesure. La capacité est rendue possible par le sujet thématisé, duquel le possible émane (aptitude interne).. Cette absence de marqueur spécifique pour coder le permissif rappelle la notion de construction linguistique. L’attribution d’un tel statut pour schéma est interrogée, en vertu des principes de la Grammaire de construction (non-compositionnalité du sens, stockage linguistique, productivité du schéma). / This thesis studies the capacitive syntactic pattern, which can be found in sentences such as The tent sleeps four or The bench seats two. It expresses the quantified capacity of the referent of the subject. In this complementation pattern, the alignement between the syntactic functions and the semantic roles is not prototypical. The subject is locative and the post-verbal measure complement has an agentive role, which is canonically associated with the subject. This unusual alignment allows the speaker to express capacity. The thesis describes and analyzes this complementation pattern, which has not been studied in the literature. The description of the constituents is based on the study of a database. Several formal syntactic features of the pattern are highlighted. The subject is always perceived as a container and the verb denotes a primary need that is closely related to the container. The measure complement denotes a numerical quantity whose unit of measurement is human animates. The capacitive meaning is not expressed by a single lexeme but through the whole pattern, which is meaningful. It is shown that the capacitive interpretation emerges through the congruent link between the container (subject) and the quantified volume (measure complement). The subject has properties that make it possible for the human animates to perform the event denoted by the verb. As the pattern itself has meaning, its status of construction (an unpredictable form–meaning pairing) is investigated by studying the main features of such grammatical sequences within the framework of construction grammar.

Cette thèse constitue la première étude générale de la modalité en néo-égyptien. Le chapitre introductif (p. 5-43) est consacré [1] à la définition de ce premier état de langue de légyptien de la seconde phase ; cette définition a permis la délimitation dun corpus servant dassise empirique à létude (la répartition du corpus en fonction de critères chronologiques et géographiques, de la nature du support et des "Textsorten" a donné la possibilité de pondérer et dobjectiver les analyses proposées pour chaque expression de la modalité). Ensuite, [2] un cadre théorique général pour létude de la langue est discuté. Le corps du travail se divise en trois parties consacrées respectivement : [1] à une définition générale de la notion de modalité (cela afin de déterminer les media expressifs qui relèvent de son étude en néo-égyptien) ainsi quà létablissement dun modèle sémantique à la fois économique, cohérent et correspondant aux données typologiques (p. 44-115) ; [2] à létude des modalités radicales (i.e. les modalités déontiques et bouliques en envisageant les relations quelles entretiennent avec le domaine axiologique ; p. 116-341) ; [3] à lexamen des modalités assertives (p. 342-446) : [a] analyse des formes de complémentation, en ce compris les liens entre intégration syntaxique, variation de lassertivité et degré de manipulation, [b] étude de limpact des auxiliaires dénonciation sur le degré dassertivité dune proposition, [c] critique des théories existantes concernant les moyens expressifs du discours indirect en néo-égyptien. Les conclusions (p. 447-466) sont accompagnées de propositions prospectives devant permettre [1] de rendre le modèle défendu applicable à létude des complexes conditionnels, [2] dintégrer la dimension énonciative dans lanalyse des relations interpersonnelles, [3] de proposer une approche globale des media expressifs de la causalité et de la finalité.

Nuclear receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that play significant roles in various biological processes within the body, such as cell development, hormone metabolism, reproduction, and cardiac function. As transcription factors, nuclear receptors are involved in many diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and arthritis, resulting in approximately 10-15% of the pharmaceutical drugs presently on the market being targeted toward nuclear receptors. Structurally, nuclear receptors consist of a DNA-binding domain (DBD), responsible for binding specific sequences of DNA called response elements, fused to a ligand-binding domain (LBD) through a hinge region. The LBD binds a small molecule ligand. Upon ligand binding, the LBD changes to an active conformation leading to the recruitment of coactivator (CoAC) proteins and initiation of transcription. As a result of their involvement in disease, there is an emphasis on engineering nuclear receptors for applications in gene therapy, drug discovery and metabolic engineering.