Background: Although efforts to reduce iron deficiency during pregnancy have been made, programmes often struggle with their participants’ compliance and effectiveness is low. Nevertheless, there is only little information about determinants of compliance. The aim of this thesis is to investigate which factors contribute to women’s compliance to iron supplementation during pregnancy in rural Bangladesh. Methods: Secondary analysis of data collected within a randomized trial in Matlab, Bangladesh (MINIMat trial). 4436 pregnant women were assigned to six micronutrient supplementation groups. Questionnaires were administered and anthropometric measurements were taken. Compliance was measured using the eDEM® counting device which recorded every time a pill bottle was opened. Results: In linear regression maternal age, socio economic status (SES) and education showed a positive association with compliance (p<0.001). Parity showed a negative association (p=0.045). Knowledge of effects of iron supplementation and perception of importance of iron supplementation were not significantly associated with compliance. Experiencing positive effects of iron supplementation was related to higher compliance to iron supplementation, while experiencing nausea was related to lower compliance to iron supplementation (p<0.001). Dislike of the tablets (p<0.001) and other reasons that were not specifically mentioned (p=0.015) were significantly associated with a decrease in compliance. Conclusion: Pregnant women’s compliance to iron supplementation was determined by different factors. Educating women about anaemia, iron deficiency and iron supplementation should not be the only strategy to achieve high compliance. Development of supplements that cause fewer side effects should be considered and more research investigating determinants of compliance should be performed.

No description available.

Climate change is a type of prisoner’s dilemma. Reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a public good and are costly to provide. Consequently, nation-states generally have done little to curb their emissions. Countries could be encouraged to reduce their emissions if the international community of states were to sanction, or the world were to shame, states that did not act. However, financial and technological aid is more likely to induce states to impose tougher restrictions on GHG emissions. In order for Copenhagen to precipitate major action on climate change the treaty must either compel countries to fulfill their obligations or assist states in transitioning their economies away from fossil fuels toward alternative energy sources. If the treaty fails to do both of these things then we can only hope that the largest producers of greenhouse gases either take steps to reduce their emissions voluntarily or are forced to take action in response to domestic pressure from their citizens and/or sub-national governments. Otherwise, we will have no choice but to adapt to an increasingly warmer planet and the consequences thereof.

Seventy seven mothers and their 12-14 year old children participated in a study exploring the role of maternal disclosure on children's disclosure and on positive child outcomes. Disclosure was examined in two domains: protection (referring to worries and distressing situations) and control (referring to values and proper behavior), and two child outcomes were assessed for each domain: empathy and prosocial behavior (protection), and compliance and conduct problems (control). Maternal disclosure facilitated children’s protection disclosure only if children liked this disclosure. Maternal control disclosure predicted compliance only for children who liked this form of disclosure, and maternal protection disclosure predicted compliance only for children who disclosed about their own worries and concerns. Motivations behind disclosure were also assessed, revealing that mothers disclose to their child as a means of teaching behaviors and to encouraging disclosure, whereas children disclose to seek advice and comfort.

Seventy seven mothers and their 12-14 year old children participated in a study exploring the role of maternal disclosure on children's disclosure and on positive child outcomes. Disclosure was examined in two domains: protection (referring to worries and distressing situations) and control (referring to values and proper behavior), and two child outcomes were assessed for each domain: empathy and prosocial behavior (protection), and compliance and conduct problems (control). Maternal disclosure facilitated children’s protection disclosure only if children liked this disclosure. Maternal control disclosure predicted compliance only for children who liked this form of disclosure, and maternal protection disclosure predicted compliance only for children who disclosed about their own worries and concerns. Motivations behind disclosure were also assessed, revealing that mothers disclose to their child as a means of teaching behaviors and to encouraging disclosure, whereas children disclose to seek advice and comfort.

Climate change is a type of prisoner’s dilemma. Reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a public good and are costly to provide. Consequently, nation-states generally have done little to curb their emissions. Countries could be encouraged to reduce their emissions if the international community of states were to sanction, or the world were to shame, states that did not act. However, financial and technological aid is more likely to induce states to impose tougher restrictions on GHG emissions. In order for Copenhagen to precipitate major action on climate change the treaty must either compel countries to fulfill their obligations or assist states in transitioning their economies away from fossil fuels toward alternative energy sources. If the treaty fails to do both of these things then we can only hope that the largest producers of greenhouse gases either take steps to reduce their emissions voluntarily or are forced to take action in response to domestic pressure from their citizens and/or sub-national governments. Otherwise, we will have no choice but to adapt to an increasingly warmer planet and the consequences thereof.

Australian Universities increasingly rely on Information Technology (IT) systems for essential business operations, including administration, teaching, learning and research. Applying information security to university IT systems is strategically important to maintaining overall business continuity in universities. However, the process of effectively implementing information security management in the university sector is challenging for security practitioners. University environments consist of a cultural mix of academic freedoms, student needs and compliance mandates. Consequently, unique and divergent demands are placed on securing and accessing university IT systems. This research undertook a qualitative based exploratory analysis of information security management in Australian universities. The aims and objectives of the research (represented as the research questions) were to determine: 1) What is the current status of information security management practices in the Australian university sector? 2) What are the key issues and influencing factors surrounding the effectiveness of information security management practices? 3) How could improvements in information security management be achieved? The findings from the research led to a comprehensive and insightful examination of the current status, issues and challenges facing information security practitioners in Australian universities. The research findings culminated in the development of a Security Practitioner's Management Model. An essential aim of the model is to assist security practitioners to successfully implement and progress information security in the Australian university environment. The research improves current understanding of information security issues and reinforces the pertinence of information security management as a strategically important business function for Australian universities.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 1988. / Includes tables and questionnaires. Title from title screen (viewed May 1, 2007). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Pharmacology. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1990. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-51). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis--University of Michigan. / Cover title: Adherence to hypertensive treatment regimes. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-76).