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The primary goal of the present study was to assess linkages between parents' beliefs about children's emotions, parent-child discourse, and children's independent and interdependent self-construals with sixty 7th and 8th grade children. Children were interviewed with the Self-Guide Questionnaire (Higgins, Klein, & Strauman, 1985) and completed an independent and interdependent reaction time measure (Watson & Quatman, 2005). Children's self-guide responses were coded for independent and interdependent traits and behaviors. Parents completed the Parents' Beliefs about Children's Emotions Questionnaire (Halberstadt et al., 2008) to assess their beliefs about the danger of emotions and parents' and children's roles in emotion socialization. Parents' elaborative reminiscing style and both parent and child emotion labeling were measured through a cooperative game designed to elicit emotion-related discourse. Results showed that girls responded faster to interdependent traits and included more interdependent and connected self attributes than did boys, whereas boys included more independent and unique self attributes than did girls. Parents who believe children can guide their own emotion socialization elaborated less about their children's independent and interdependent memories. Their children who responded more slowly to both independent and interdependent traits, with a stronger effect for independent compared with interdependent traits. The interaction between parents' beliefs about the danger of emotions and about their guidance of their child's emotions was related to girls', but not boys', balance of independent and interdependent traits in their self-construal. Results have implications for identifying beneficial developmental trajectories of positive adjustment and mental health. / Ph. D.

To the vast majority of people, the terms “sustainability” and “sustainable development” are unfamiliar, and, when they are recognized, there is still a great deal of interpretability as to their significance. Since no consensus exists regarding these terms, communication efforts to promote action and awareness among citizens must invariably “frame” the issue of sustainable development in one way or another. By and large, most communication strategies promote small private-sphere actions relevant to patterns of consumption. While these small actions are helpful, participatory, collective, public-sphere activism towards sustainability is much more potent and desirable. In attempting to engage this type of participatory action, communicators must understand the psychological barriers that are likely to confront their efforts. Communication professionals recognize that one such barrier, that of perceived, or, psychological distance, from issues of non-sustainability is especially pernicious. This paper attempts to apply Construal Level Theory (CLT), which provides “an account of how psychological distance influences individuals’ thoughts and behavior” (Trope et al. 2007) to the design of communication strategies for participatory sustainable development. After providing a thorough review of CLT, the authors examine the many ways that the theory can contribute to the design of communication strategies for participatory sustainable development.

Cette étude, qui s'inscrit dans le cadre théorique de la linguistique cognitive, répond à l'objectif de répertorier et de caractériser les ressources nécessaires pour l'expression de l'évènement de changement émotionnel en espagnol (L1 et L2) et en français (L1), à l'aide d'une approche à la fois descriptive et contrastive. Les résultats obtenus, qui viennent s'additionner à des connaissances provenant d'autres sources, ont permis de formuler des recommandations didactiques pour l'enseignement des notions de changement et d'émotion en langue étrangère. / The aim of this Ph.D. Thesis, which is based on the theoretical framework of Cognitive Linguistics, is to identify and characterize (in a descriptive and contrastive manner) the resources related to the expression of the change of emotion event in Spanish (L1 and L2) and French (L1). Thanks to our findings, but also to other data sources, we were also able to make some pedagogical propositions for the teaching of the notions of change and emotion in a second language. / Este trabajo de investigación, que se inscribe en el marco teórico de la lingüísticacognitiva, responde al objetivo de repertoriar y caracterizar los recursos necesariospara la expresión del evento de cambio emocional en español (L1 y L2) y en francés(L1), bajo un enfoque tanto descriptivo como contrastivo. Los resultados obtenidos,junto con otras fuentes, han permitido formular algunas recomendaciones didácticaspara la enseñanza de las nociones de cambio y emoción en lengua extranjera.

Past research on construal level theory (CLT) has shown that adopting a temporally distant (vs. temporally close) orientation facilitates a more abstract, “bigger picture” representation of events. Furthermore, research on other forms of psychological distance (e.g., self-distance) has linked abstract representations of past interpersonal negative events to positive psychological benefits, such as reduced negative affect. Despite this connection, little work has been done looking at how temporal distance, a form of psychological distance, may also result in positive psychological outcomes. Moreover, few have explored the effects of temporal distance on reasoning within an interpersonal context. Provided the past literature on psychological distance, I hypothesize that a distant temporal orientation when reasoning over a recent romantic relationship conflict will result in greater abstract representations of the past conflict. Given that the context is in an interpersonal domain, I predict that the abstract representation will manifest itself through a more inclusive reasoning strategy, which will lead to beneficial reasoning strategies for the relationship. I test these hypotheses by randomly assigning participants to a present-oriented mindset, or a future-oriented mindset when reflecting on their past conflict. Results from two experiments (Study 1: College students; Study 2: Age-heterogeneous community sample) indicate that taking a future-orientation leads to an inclusive reasoning strategy (i.e., greater non-self centered word use) and also leads to reasoning that is considered conducive to positive relationship outcomes (e.g., lower partner blame and greater expression of growth). Implications for research on psychological distance and reasoning are discussed.

Under the impact of the financial tsunami, global economy was weaken, lots of luxury brands¡¦ profits decreased, but trendy brands rise at that time. There are many kinds of trendy brands appear in Taiwan since 2008, and become famous between young people immediately. Trendy brands emphasize with uniqueness¡Bself-expression, not only become the fashion tendency, they also play an important role in teenagers¡¦ sub culture. As trendy brands get popular, some companies want to attract more young people by cooperating with trendy brands. Crossover with trendy brands is the main topic for companies. There is a lack of research about trendy or crossover so far, so this study is based on co-branding theory, analysis the change of consumers¡¦ evaluations about Positive brand emotions, negative brand emotions, involvement, and brand identity after company crossovers with different kinds of trendy brand. Then the study adds fitness between company and trendy brand and self-construal types of consumer as mediators, trying to comprehend the influence. This study finds consumers¡¦ evaluations about positive brand emotions and negative brand emotions will be better if company crossover with trendy brand founded by famous people. But consumers¡¦ evaluations about brand identity will be better if company crossover with both trendy brand founded by famous people and ordinary people. However, fitness between company and trendy brand and consumer¡¦s self-construal types don¡¦t change evaluations after crossover.