Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseKCO_DISSERT.pdf: 2360607 bytes, checksum: ad43aaed1b6651cd3d8e3ffe4e2f5b67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-04 / The sanitation companies from Brazil has a great challenge for the XXI century: seek to mitigate the rate of physical waste (water, chemicals and electricity) and financial waste caused by inefficient operating systems drinking water supply, considering that currently we already face, in some cases, the scarcity of water resources. The supply systems are increasingly complex as they seek to minimize waste and at the same time better serve the growing number of users. However, this technological change is to reduce the complexity of the challenges posed by the need to include users with higher quality and efficiency in services. A major challenge for companies of water supplies is to provide a good quality service contemplating reducing expenditure on electricity. In this situation we developed a research by a method that seeks to control the pressure of the distribution systems that do not have the tank in your setup and the water comes out of the well directly to the distribution system. The method of pressure control (intelligent control) uses fuzzy logic to eliminate the waste of electricity and the leaks from the production of pumps that inject directly into the distribution system, which causes waste of energy when the consumption of households is reduced causing the saturation of the distribution system. This study was conducted at Green Club II condominium, located in the city of Parnamirim, state of Rio Grande do Norte, in order to study the pressure behavior of the output of the pump that injects water directly into the distribution system. The study was only possible because of the need we had to find a solution to some leaks in the existing distribution system and the extensions of the respective condominium residences, which sparked interest in developing a job in order to carry out the experiments contained in this research / As empresas de saneamento do Brasil t?m um grande desafio para o s?culo XXI, procurar diminuir o ?ndice de desperd?cios f?sicos (?gua, produtos qu?micos e energia el?trica) e financeiros causados pela inefici?ncia operacional dos sistemas de abastecimento de ?gua pot?vel, levando-se em considera??o que atualmente j? se enfrenta, em alguns casos, a escassez dos recursos h?dricos. Os sistemas de abastecimento est?o cada vez mais complexos porque buscam minimizar os desperd?cios e ao mesmo tempo atender melhor ao crescente n?mero de usu?rios. Contudo, a evolu??o tecnol?gica est? presente para diminuir a complexidade dos desafios hora impostos pela necessidade de contemplar os usu?rios com maior qualidade e efici?ncia nos servi?os. Um dos grandes desafios para as empresas de abastecimento de ?gua est? em proporcionar um servi?o de boa qualidade contemplando a diminui??o das despesas com energia el?trica. Diante disso, desenvolveu-se um trabalho de pesquisa atrav?s de um m?todo que busca controlar a press?o da rede de distribui??o em sistemas que n?o apresentam na sua configura??o o reservat?rio e, por isso a ?gua sai do po?o diretamente para a rede de distribui??o. O m?todo de controle da press?o (controle inteligente) utiliza a l?gica fuzzy para eliminar o desperd?cio de energia el?trica e os vazamentos provocados pela produ??o das bombas que injetam diretamente na rede de distribui??o, provocando desperd?cio de energia quando o consumo das resid?ncias ? reduzido causando o saturamento da rede. Esse trabalho foi realizado no condom?nio Green Club II, situado na cidade de Parnamirim - RN, com o objetivo de estudar o comportamento da press?o da bomba que injeta diretamente na rede de distribui??o. O estudo s? foi poss?vel em virtude da necessidade que havia de se encontrar uma solu??o para alguns vazamentos existentes na rede de distribui??o e nos ramais das resid?ncias do respectivo condom?nio, fato que despertou o interesse em desenvolver um trabalho com o intuito de realizar as experi?ncias contidas nesta pesquisa

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-20T13:29:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rafael Veloso Patr?cio.pdf: 9711857 bytes, checksum: 5f7e5b198769c9a633040fd42126df03 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T13:29:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rafael Veloso Patr?cio.pdf: 9711857 bytes, checksum: 5f7e5b198769c9a633040fd42126df03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-24 / Funda??o de Apoio a Pesquisa Cient?fica e Tecnol?gica da UFRRJ-FAPUR / Controling of downhole pressure is essential for a safety process of oil well drilling. In a permeable formation, fluids from reservoir come into the annulus region (wellbore) when the downhole pressure is below pore pressure, featuring a disorder called kick. Literature reports some mathematical models developed to predict the behavior of the wellbore in presence of gas kick, however, there are few works reporting control and experiments. By this reason, it was built an experimental plant in order to study system?s behavior during fluid inlet (gas) from reservoir to annulus, and then, sought to develop a control strategy able to mitigate this disorder, without shut-in the well. A strategy with reconfiguration of the control law feedback?feedforward was designed to reject disturbance (gas inlet in the annular), to ensure the drilling within the operating window. Parallelly,simulation studies were developed which are: the construction of mathematical model, validated by the employment of the experimental unit, and the implementation of control based on reconfiguration of control law. / O controle da press?o anular de fundo ? fundamental para que a perfura??o de po?os de petr?leo seja feita de forma segura. Em uma forma??o perme?vel, fluidos do reservat?rio migram para a regi?o anular quando a press?o anular de fundo est? abaixo da press?o de poros, caracterizando o dist?rbio denominado kick. A literatura reporta alguns modelos matem?ticos desenvolvidos para prever o comportamento do po?o na presen?a de kick de g?s, por?m poucos s?o os trabalhos abordando controle e experimentos. A partir desta motiva??o, foi constru?do uma planta experimental para estudar o comportamento do sistema durante a entrada de fluido (g?s) do reservat?rio no anular, e assim, buscou-se desenvolver uma estrat?gia de controle que mitigue tal dist?rbio sem a necessidade do fechamento total do po?o. Uma estrat?gia com reconfigura??o da lei de controle feedback?feedforward foi desenvolvida para rejeitar a perturba??o (entrada de g?s no anular), visando assegurar a perfura??o dentro da janela operacional. Paralelamente, foram desenvolvidos estudos de simula??o quais sejam: a constru??o de um modelo matem?tico, validado empregando-se a unidade experimental, e a implanta??o de controle baseado em reconfigura??o da lei de controle

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelBS.pdf: 1607732 bytes, checksum: d5ad875fd4dc09637b9932966f4df8c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-07-16 / The continuous gas lift method is the main artificial lifting method used in the oil industry for submarine wells, due to its robustness and the large range of flow rate that the well might operate. Nowadays, there is a huge amount of wells producing under this mechanism. This method of elevation has a slow dynamics due to the transients and a correlation between the injected gas rate and the of produced oil rate. Electronics controllers have been used to adjust many parameters of the oil wells and also to improve the efficiency of the gas lift injection system. This paper presents a intelligent control system applied to continuous gas injection in wells, based in production s rules, that has the target of keeping the wells producing during the maximum period of time, in its best operational condition, and doing automatically all necessary adjustments when occurs some disturbance in the system. The author also describes the application of the intelligent control system as a tool to control the flow pressure in the botton of the well (Pwf). In this case, the control system actuates in the surface control valve / O m?todo de eleva??o por g?s lift cont?nuo ? o principal m?todo de eleva??o artificial utilizado, principalmente, para produ??o em po?os submarinos devido a sua robustez e a larga faixa de vaz?o que o po?o pode produzir. H? um grande percentual de po?os produzindo sob este mecanismo no Brasil. Este tipo de m?todo de eleva??o apresenta algumas caracter?sticas pr?prias, sendo uma delas sua din?mica lenta devido aos transientes e outra ? a exist?ncia de uma correla??o entre a vaz?o de g?s injetado e a vaz?o de ?leo produzido. Controladores eletr?nicos t?m sido utilizados para realizar ajustes em alguns par?metros do po?o e melhorar a efici?ncia de inje??o de g?s lift. Este trabalho apresenta um sistema inteligente de controle autom?tico da inje??o de g?s, baseando-se em regras de produ??o, que busca manter os po?os equipados para g?s lift cont?nuo produzindo o maior tempo poss?vel, nas condi??es ?timas de opera??o e que faz os ajustes autom?ticos necess?rios quando ocorre alguma perturba??o no sistema. Mostra-se que ? poss?vel, utilizando o sistema inteligente apresentado, exercer o controle da press?o de fluxo no fundo do po?o (Pwf) atrav?s da manipula??o da abertura da v?lvula de controle de superf?cie