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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
201

Inverse internal model control of an ethylene polymerisation reactor using artificial neural networks.

Dunwoodie, Ryan. January 2001 (has links)
An artificial neural network is a mathematical black-box modelling tool. This tool can be used to model complex non-linear multivariable processes. In attempting to create an inverse process model of an industrial linear low density polyethylene reactor, several interesting results were encountered. Both time-invariant algebraic and time-invariant dynamic models could adequately represent the process, provided an identified 50-minute time lag was taken into account. A novel variation of the traditional IMC controller was implemented which used two inverse neural network process models. This was named Inverse Internal Model Control (IIMC). This controller was initially tested on a real multivariable pump-tank system and showed promising results. The IIMC controller was adapted to an on-line version for the polymer plant control system. The controller was run in open loop mode to compare the predictions of the controller with the actual PID ratio controllers. It was hoped that by incorporating neural network models into the controller, they would take the non-linearity and coupling of the variables into account, which the present PID controllers are unable to do. The existing PID controllers operate on separate loops involving the two main feeds (co-monomer and hydrogen) to the reactor, which constitute aspects of the control system in which the scope for advanced control exists. Although the control loop was not closed, the groundwork has been laid to implement a novel controller that could the operation of the plant. / Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.
202

Optimalizace založená na bezderivačních a metaheuristických metodách / Optimization using derivative-free and metaheuristic methods

Márová, Kateřina January 2016 (has links)
Evolutionary algorithms have proved to be useful for tackling many practical black-box optimization problems. In this thesis, we describe one of the most powerful evolutionary algorithms of today, CMA- ES, and apply it in novel way to solve the problem of tuning multiple coupled PID controllers in combustion engine models. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
203

Use of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitors (TCSCs) to enhance power system transient stability and their possible application on the South African Grid

Gumunyu, Tonderayi January 2015 (has links)
This research report is submitted as a partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Master of Science degree in Electrical Engineering (Power). / Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitors (TCSCs) are FACTS devices which incorporate power-electronic-based and other static controllers to enhance controllability and increase power transfer capability. This research investigated the possibility of applying TCSCs on the South African transmission network, in particular application on long transmission lines connecting bulk thermal generators in the northern part of South Africa to load centres located hundreds of kilometres elsewhere in the country. The investigation, conducted using PSS/E (a power system analysis software) demonstrated that application of TCSCs on this part of South African transmission network results in improved transient stability margins. The resulting improvement in transient stability is comparable to other transient stability enhancement options like addition of transmission lines, thus the use of TCSCs can be considered as an alternative. Further studies would be vital to understand the interaction between Power System Stabilizers (PSSs) and TCSCs in order to ensure proper tuning and interaction amongst the devices. / MT2017
204

Desenvolvimento de sistema de controle para geração e absorção ativa de ondas em tanques de ensaios de estruturas oceânicas. / Development of control system for generation and active absorption of waves in offshore structures test tanks.

Carneiro, Mario Luis 23 October 2012 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema de controle de absorção ativa de ondas como parte integrante da implementação de um novo tanque de ensaios de estruturas oceânicas na Universidade de São Paulo. O tanque é equipado com 148 geradores de onda dispostos em todo o seu perímetro para propiciar a geração de ondas em quaisquer direções. O método de absorção de ondas implementado é baseado em filtros digitais utilizando como realimentação hidrodinâmica a leitura de sensores de nível solidários ao gerador de ondas. Foram estudados filtro recursivos e não recursivos, unidimensionais e bidimensionais. Também é apresentado um método para a análise da estabilidade do sistema de controle em malha fechada. Para avaliar o desempenho do sistema de controle de absorção foi executada uma série de experimentos com ondas regulares com direção de propagação normal ao gerador de ondas e algumas direções oblíquas. Também foram executados ensaios com ondas irregulares na direção de propagação normal ao gerador de ondas. O coeficiente de reflexão experimental obtido apresentou boa aderência aos valores teóricos, apresentado um máximo de 5,61% para um ângulo de incidência entre 0 e 45 graus na faixa de frequência de operação do tanque. Nos ensaios com ondas oblíquas foi observado o aparecimento de uma ressonância lateral de ondas com frequência mais alta que a da onda gerada, o que impossibilitou a execução de ensaios de longa duração de ondas com ângulo de incidência diferente de 0 grau. No final são apresentadas sugestões para a correção deste problema. / This work presents the development of a control system for active absorption of waves as part of the implementation of a new test tank of ocean structures at the University of São Paulo. The tank is equipped with 148 wave generators disposed around its perimeter to allow the generation of waves in all directions. The implemented method of wave absorption is based on digital filters with hydrodynamic feedback given by level sensors solidary to the wave generator. Were studied recursive and non-recursive, one-dimensional and two-dimensional filters. A method for stability analysis of the closed loop control system it is also presented. To evaluate the performance of the absorption control system, a series of experiments was performed considering regular waves with propagation direction normal to the wave generator and some oblique directions. Were also performed tests with irregular waves with propagation direction normal to the wave generator. The experimental reflection coefficient obtained showed good adherence to the theoretical values, presenting a maximum of 5.61% for an angle of incidence between 0o to 45o in the frequency range of operation of the tank. In tests with oblique waves was observed the appearance of a lateral wave resonance with highest frequency of the generated wave, prohibiting the accomplishment of long term experiments of waves with different incidence angle of 0o. At the end it is made suggestions to correct this problem.
205

Desenvolvimento de metodologia de aplicação de redes de Petri para automação de sistemas industriais com controladores lógicos programáveis (CLP). / Development of methodology of application of Petri Net for automation of industrial systems with programmable logic controllers.

Souza, Fábio da Costa 25 October 2006 (has links)
Devido às necessidades do mundo moderno, os sistemas de automação têm aumentado sua complexidade, fazendo com que sejam desenvolvidas ferramentas de engenharia cada vez mais poderosas para modelá-los e analisá-los. Em sistemas de automação industrial, os Controladores Lógicos Programáveis (CLPs) têm sido amplamente empregados. Os CLPs são geralmente programados por meio da linguagem de programação Ladder, uma das cinco linguagens definidas pela IEC 61131-3. Entretanto, apesar da linguagem de programação Ladder ser flexível e de fácil aprendizado por parte dos usuários, ela apresenta limitações quanto à: detecção de erros no algoritmo de controle do sistema de automação; torna as modificações muito trabalhosas e não possibilita a simulação, análise de performance e análise operacional do sistema. Este trabalho de pesquisa apresenta o desenvolvimento e os testes da metodologia denominada MARPASI - Metodologia de Aplicação das Redes de Petri em Automação de Sistemas Industriais. Como o desenvolvimento da MARPASI foi efetuado baseado na teoria de Redes de Petri, este trabalho também apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema de aplicação de Redes de Petri para a programação de CLP. A MARPASI possibilita analisar um sistema de automação por meio das Redes de Petri e na geração da linguagem de programação Ladder. Portanto, o emprego da MARPASI contribui para a otimização do processo de engenharia de automação e também para a programação mais eficiente de CLPs. / Due to the needs of the modern world, the systems of automation have increased their complexity, forcing the development of ever more powerful engineering tolls to shape and analyse them. In systems of industrial automation, the Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), have been widely applies. The PLCs are generally programmed through the use of the Ladder programming language, one of the five languages defined by the IEC 61131-3. Unfortunately, while the Ladder programming language is flexible, and easily learned by its users, it evinces limitations concerning: error detection in the control algorithm of the automation system: makes modifications very laborious and does not allow any simulation, performance analysis and operational systems analysis. This study presents the development and tests of the methodology denominated as MARPASI - Methodology of the application of Petri Net in the automation of industrial systems. Since the development of MARPASI was made based on Petri Net Theory, this study also presents a bibliographic review about the theme of the application of Petri Net for the programming of PLC. MARPASI makes it possible to analyse a system of automation through Petri Net and in the generation of the Ladder programming language. Because of these, the utilization of MARPASI contributes for capacities, the optimization of automation engineering processes, and also for a more efficient programming of the PLCs.
206

Norma IEC61131-3: aspectos históricos, técnicos e um exemplo de aplicação. / IEC61131-3 standard: historical and technical aspects and an application example.

Faustino, Marcos Roberto 06 September 2005 (has links)
Este trabalho traça um panorama dos PLCs e tecnologias associadas em momentos anteriores e posteriores à publicação da norma IEC61131-3 e discute aspectos relativos à sua adoção. A aplicação deste norma pode trazer ganhos de produtividade no projeto e implementação de sistemas de automação industrial. Esta dissertação apresenta o caso do "Projeto de modernização dos navios-varredores da Marinha do Brasil" no qual alguns dos conceitos desta norma foram utilizados com sucesso. Ferramentas e metodologias desenvolvidas para adequar o PLC existente a alguns requisitos da norma são descritas ao longo da dissertação. A operação do novo sistema de varredura pode ser verificada através dos resultados experimentais apresentados. / This work presents an overview of the PLC and associated technologies before and after the publication of the IEC61131-3 standard. Some aspects concerning the adoption of this standard are also discussed. The application of this standard can increase productivity in the design and implementation of industrial automation systems. Some concepts of this standard were applied, succesfully, to the modernization of the Brazilian Navy mine-sweepers. Tools and methods that were required in order to adapt the existing PLC to the IEC standard are described. The operation of the newly developed system can be verified by experimental results.
207

On regulators with a prescribed degree of stability

Ng, Peng-Teng Peter January 1981 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaves 202-204. / by Peng-Teng Peter Ng. / M.S.
208

Development and implementation of an adaptive controller for station keeping of small outboard-powered vessels

Unknown Date (has links)
In this thesis multiple controllers are developed which command a small boat with twin tied outboard motors to hold a desired position. In the process of developing a controller to hold a position, controllers were first developed which follow a desired heading or path over ground with the motors outputting constant thrust. These heading and path following controllers were tuned and tested in a numerical simulation, then validated on the R/V Lee and Ocean Power vessels through sea trials in the Atlantic Ocean. After successful path following trials were performed, station keeping algorithms were developed and tuned in the numerical simulation, now with heading and thrust of the vessel both being variables to be controlled. After tuning in the numerical simulation, the Ocean power vessel was outfitted with systems for controlling throttle and steering with sea trials conducted in the Atlantic Ocean for station keeping. / by Aaron D. Fisher. / Thesis (M.S.C.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2010. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2010. Mode of access: World Wide Web.
209

Localização de canais afetando o desempenho de controladores preditivos baseados em modelos

Claro, Érica Rejane Pereira January 2016 (has links)
O escopo desta dissertação é o desenvolvimento de um método para detectar os modelos da matriz dinâmica que estejam degradando o desempenho de controladores preditivos baseados em modelos. O método proposto se baseia na análise de correlação cruzada entre o erro nominal do controlador em malha fechada e a uma estimativa da contribuição de cada canal para o cálculo da saída, filtrada pela função de sensibilidade do controlador. Esse método pode ser empregado na auditoria de controladores com variáveis controladas em setpoints e/ou com variáveis que operem entre faixas, como é usual de se encontrar na indústria. Esta dissertação apresenta os resultados da aplicação bem sucedida do método no sistema de quatro tanques (JOHANSSON, 2000), para o qual três cenários foram avaliados. No primeiro cenário, o método localizou corretamente discrepâncias de ganho e de dinâmica de modelos de um controlador preditivo baseado em modelos (Model-based Predictive Controller, ou controlador MPC). No segundo, o método foi utilizado para avaliar a influência de uma variável externa para melhorar o desempenho de um controlador afetado por distúrbios não medidos. No terceiro cenário, o método localizou canais com modelos nulos que deveriam ser incluídos na matriz de controle de um controlador MPC de estrutura descentralizada. Os resultados deste estudo de caso foram comparados com aqueles obtidos pelo método proposto por BADWE, GUDI e PATWARDHAN (2009), constatando-se que o método proposto é mais robusto que o método usado na comparação, não demandando ajustes de parâmetros por parte do usuário para fornecer bons resultados. A dissertação inclui também um estudo de caso da aplicação industrial do método na auditoria de desempenho de um controlador preditivo linear de estrutura descentralizada, com doze variáveis controladas, oito manipuladas e quatro distúrbios não medidos, aplicado a um sistema de fracionamento de propeno e propano em uma indústria petroquímica. A auditoria permitiu reduzir o escopo de revisão do controlador a dezenove canais da matriz, sendo que quatorze destes correspondiam a canais com modelos nulos que deveriam ser incluídos na matriz. A eficácia do método foi comprovada repetindo-se a avaliação da qualidade de modelo para todas as variáveis controladas. / The scope of this dissertation is the development of a method to detect the models of the dynamic matrix that are affecting the performance of model-based predictive controllers. The proposed method is based on the cross correlation analysis between the nominal controller error and an estimate of the contribution of each channel to the controller output, filtered by the controller nominal sensitivity function. The method can be used in the performance assessment of controllers employing variables controlled at the setpoint and/or those controlled within ranges. This dissertation presents the results of the successful application of the method to the quadruple-tank process (JOHANSSON, 2000), for which three scenarios were evaluated. In the first scenario, the method correctly located gain and dynamic mismatches on a model-based predictive controller (MPC controller). In the second one, the method was used to evaluate the influence of an external variable to improve the performance of a controller affected by unmeasured disturbances. In the third scenario, the method located null models that should be included in the dynamic matrix of a decentralized MPC controller. The results of the three scenarios were compared with the ones obtained through the method proposed by BADWE, GUDI e PATWARDHAN (2009). The proposed method was considered more robust than the reference one for not requiring parameters estimation performed by the user to provide good results. This dissertation also includes a case study about the application of the method on the performance assessment of an industrial linear predictive controller of decentralized structure. The controller has twelve controlled variables, eight manipulated variables, and four unmeasured disturbances and is applied to a propylene-propane fractionation system of a petrochemical industry. The performance assessment allowed reducing the scope of the controller revision to nineteen channels of the models matrix, fourteen of which were null models that should be included in the controller. The efficacy of the proposed method was confirmed by repeating the model quality evaluation for all the controlled variables.
210

Desenvolvimento de metodologia de aplicação de redes de Petri para automação de sistemas industriais com controladores lógicos programáveis (CLP). / Development of methodology of application of Petri Net for automation of industrial systems with programmable logic controllers.

Fábio da Costa Souza 25 October 2006 (has links)
Devido às necessidades do mundo moderno, os sistemas de automação têm aumentado sua complexidade, fazendo com que sejam desenvolvidas ferramentas de engenharia cada vez mais poderosas para modelá-los e analisá-los. Em sistemas de automação industrial, os Controladores Lógicos Programáveis (CLPs) têm sido amplamente empregados. Os CLPs são geralmente programados por meio da linguagem de programação Ladder, uma das cinco linguagens definidas pela IEC 61131-3. Entretanto, apesar da linguagem de programação Ladder ser flexível e de fácil aprendizado por parte dos usuários, ela apresenta limitações quanto à: detecção de erros no algoritmo de controle do sistema de automação; torna as modificações muito trabalhosas e não possibilita a simulação, análise de performance e análise operacional do sistema. Este trabalho de pesquisa apresenta o desenvolvimento e os testes da metodologia denominada MARPASI - Metodologia de Aplicação das Redes de Petri em Automação de Sistemas Industriais. Como o desenvolvimento da MARPASI foi efetuado baseado na teoria de Redes de Petri, este trabalho também apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema de aplicação de Redes de Petri para a programação de CLP. A MARPASI possibilita analisar um sistema de automação por meio das Redes de Petri e na geração da linguagem de programação Ladder. Portanto, o emprego da MARPASI contribui para a otimização do processo de engenharia de automação e também para a programação mais eficiente de CLPs. / Due to the needs of the modern world, the systems of automation have increased their complexity, forcing the development of ever more powerful engineering tolls to shape and analyse them. In systems of industrial automation, the Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), have been widely applies. The PLCs are generally programmed through the use of the Ladder programming language, one of the five languages defined by the IEC 61131-3. Unfortunately, while the Ladder programming language is flexible, and easily learned by its users, it evinces limitations concerning: error detection in the control algorithm of the automation system: makes modifications very laborious and does not allow any simulation, performance analysis and operational systems analysis. This study presents the development and tests of the methodology denominated as MARPASI - Methodology of the application of Petri Net in the automation of industrial systems. Since the development of MARPASI was made based on Petri Net Theory, this study also presents a bibliographic review about the theme of the application of Petri Net for the programming of PLC. MARPASI makes it possible to analyse a system of automation through Petri Net and in the generation of the Ladder programming language. Because of these, the utilization of MARPASI contributes for capacities, the optimization of automation engineering processes, and also for a more efficient programming of the PLCs.

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