It is claimed that low-income people in Dhaka city do not have the financial ability to enjoy adecent housing environment. There is a clear lack of knowledge on how low-income people,drawing upon both their available income together and support from formal financial institutions,would be able to afford housing. It is commonly considered a fact that their access to formalfinancial means is largely hindered by their poor financial status, along with the absence of anyform of land tenure security. The case of this study demonstrates, on the contrary, the adequatefinancial ability of the urban poor when it comes to meeting rent and payments for other necessaryservices. This study therefore primarily responds to the critical issue of whether the government isunaware of informal housing practices, or is simply ignorant of low-income housing provision.In this study, perspectives on change are analyzed in order to comprehend the obstacles andchallenges embedded within the housing organizations of Dhaka city. Within the local governanceparadigm, the concepts of deliberative dialogue and partnership are explored with the aim toreveal both the resources rooted in ‘informal’ low-income housing practices, and the resources atstake for the ‘formal’ housing gatekeepers. Different land tenure security options are explored inorder to understand their compatibility with the informal nature of low-income housing. Thetheory of social business is critically reviewed, and used to examine whether low-incomeaffordable housing could be seen as a product resulting from partnerships between vested actors,for whom the low-income community could be considered to be both a beneficiary and a partner.This study suggests that outside the boundary of ‘formal’ housing, there is an unexplored andfunctional ‘informal’ housing market where de facto owners purchase ‘business tenure security’from the slum lords, while de facto tenants buy ‘house rental tenure security’ in exchange forregular rental payments. Within this informality, an innovative financial organization (the JhilparCooperative) has emerged as a creative platform for business investment. This study reveals thatJhilpar’s inhabitants pay more than 30 percent of their monthly income for housing. As anabsolute value, this is more than what is being paid by middle-class – and even many high-income– people. The slum inhabitants also pay more for a limited supply of basic services, such aselectricity.This study concludes that the formal housing gatekeepers lack a complete knowledge of‘informality’ – a notion reflected in, for example, the actual financial ability of the urban poor; thestrength and potentials of systematic community-based cooperative business; and housing relocationdecisions (employment-housing nexus). This fundamental lack of knowledge precludesthe housing gatekeepers from taking the right decisions to achieve affordable low-incomehousing. These deficiencies have led to low-income housing projects that have barely benefitedthe urban poor, benefiting other income groups instead. Low-income housing projects utilizingland title provision, sites and services schemes, and relocation to other places (amongst otherstrategies) disregard the nature, strength, and potentials of housing ‘informality’ in the slums inthe most pronounced manner. This identified knowledge gap also rules out private and publichousing gatekeepers employing their resources as enablers or providers. To improve this impassewith regard to affordable low-income housing, this study advocates a ‘social business model forlow-income housing’ as the most effective option for the Jhilpar community, wherebypartnerships would be built on an ‘investment’ mindset, through a shift away from conventional‘give away’ practices. / QC 20120221

Esta pesquisa partiu da seguinte indagação: o cooperativismo promove o desenvolvimento do Estado do Tocantins? Como pressuposto entedia-se que o cooperativismo atuava como agente de desenvolvimento no estado, tendo em vista as várias comprovações empíricas e teóricas relacionadas ao papel do cooperativismo no desenvolvimento. A partir disso, propôs-se a analisar o papel do cooperativismo no desenvolvimento do Estado do Tocantins, no período entre janeiro de 1989 a setembro 2016, na percepção dos principais atores do movimento no estado. Os objetivos específicos foram: 1) Identificar os principais acontecimentos que marcaram o cooperativismo no Estado do Tocantins; 2) Identificar as contribuições das cooperativas para o desenvolvimento do Estado do Tocantins; e 3) Identificar os desafios e o potencial do cooperativismo para o futuro no estado. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa e que se classifica como pesquisa descritivo-exploratória, desenvolvido por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Nas entrevistas foram utilizadas as técnicas bola de neve e saturação teórica (ao final foram entrevistadas doze pessoas). Adotou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo para análise dos dados, que aconteceu por meio de três categorias de analise de grade fechada (Eventos, Papel do Cooperativismo no Desenvolvimento do Estado do Tocantins e Cooperativismo no Futuro).Nos resultados,tornou-se evidente que o cooperativismo tocantinense está atuando na promoção do desenvolvimento do estado (em resposta à indagação inicial e confirmando o pressuposto). Pode-se afirmar que o cooperativismo promove o desenvolvimento do Estado do Tocantins em várias dimensões (social, econômica, política e cultural). Em suma, ainda existem grandes desafios para o cooperativismo tocantinense. A despeito disso ele vem ocupando lugar de destaque na promoção do desenvolvimento no estado e já possui cooperativas consolidadas com grande capacidade para continuar promovendo o desenvolvimento, assim como um amplo processo de inclusão social. / This research started with the following question: Does cooperative business promote the development of the state of Tocantins? As presupposed, it was understoodthat cooperative business acted as a development agent in the state, in view of the various empirical and theoretical evidences related to the role of the cooperative business in the development. From this, it was proposed to analyze the role of cooperative business in the development of the state of Tocantins, in the period of January 1989 and September 2016, in the perception of the main performers of the movement in the state. The specific objectives were: 1) To identify the main events that marked the cooperative business in the State of Tocantins; 2) Identify the contributions of cooperatives to the development of the State of Tocantins; 3) Identify the challenges and potential of cooperative business for the future of the state. It is a qualitative study that is classified as a descriptive-exploratory research, developed through bibliographical research, documentary and semi-structured interviews. In the interviews were used the techniques: snowball and theoretical saturation (at the end were interviewed twelve people). It was used the content analysis technique for data analysis, which happened through three categories of closed grid (Events, Role of Cooperatives in the Development of the State of Tocantins and Cooperatives in the Future). In the results it became evident that the cooperative business of Tocantins is working for the development of the state (in answer to the first question and confirming the presupposed). It can be said that cooperative business promotes the development of the state of Tocantins in various dimensions (social, economic, political and cultural). In short, there are still great challenges for the Cooperatives of Tocantins, although it has been prominent in promoting development in the state, and already has consolidated cooperatives with great capacity to continue promoting the development, with a broad process of social inclusion.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-16T14:48:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1138846 bytes, checksum: d463645f64b76fc123ad16fd5e9e7592 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Studies of work organization and its relationship with the results of operations in private and public organizations are multiplying in all degrees of school, however when asked about the relationship between these parameters in the cooperative activity there is a gap proportional to the importance of the subject. We see, however, cooperatives are started in various countries, excluding, in part, its philosophical and political ideologies. In Brazil, the cooperatives have been operating in various economy areas providing economic and social development. In this scenario, where there should be mass application of individual efforts, transforming them into collective effort, there is sharing of interests and compromise less with its own organization. In the case of people s transportation cooperative, these are inserted in a different block, especially in the Northeast of Brazil, where activities related to tourism grow above the average for other productive activities, in the initial stages, is not observed in the cooperatives established in the the region. Thus, the study objective is to identify the relationship between work organization mode and organizational performance of people transportation cooperative in the state of Paraiba. For this purpose, we used for basic research, descriptive, documentary and field, with qualitative and quantitative approach from questionnaires given to subjects, selected by stratified proportional sampling, of a population of 260 members and was realization the semi-structured interviews to presidents of the cooperatives. Then quantitative analysis we used the SPSS 8.0 software. For qualitative assessments was worked to analyze the content of words. The results, we found that the first cooperative of Paraiba was shaped Boxes Rural Raiffeisen, the organizations constitutive aspects show comprised mostly of married men with a mean age of 45 years and high school degree. The average monthly earnings, per each partner, is two thousand real (BRA) and the weekly work load of these is the 65-84h. The results achieved by the partners comprove their dependence on the performance of the cooperative. The solvency analysis revealed that the cooperatives studied have the ability to pay its financial commitments. And the influential variables of organizational performance, it follows that they are aligned to the internal structural elements - responsibility, power, leadership, command and control. / Os estudos de organização do trabalho e sua relação com os resultados operacionais em organizações privadas e públicas se multiplicam em todos os níveis da academia, contudo quando questionado sobre a relação desses parâmetros na atividade cooperativa verifica-se uma lacuna proporcional a importância do tema. Vê-se, contudo, o cooperativismo instalandose em diversos países, desconsiderando, em parte, suas correntes filosóficas e ideologias políticas. No Brasil, as cooperativas vêm atuando em diversos ramos da economia propiciando desenvolvimento econômico e social. Nesse panorama, onde deveria haver aplicação em massa dos esforços individuais, transformando-os em esforço coletivo, observase a partilha de interesses e descomprometimento com a sua própria organização. No caso das cooperativas de transporte de pessoas, estas estão inseridas num nicho diferenciado, principalmente, no Nordeste brasileiro, onde atividades ligadas ao turismo crescem acima da média de outras atividades produtivas, o que, de modo incipiente, não é observado nas cooperativas instaladas na região. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse estudo é identificar a relação entre o modo de organização do trabalho e o desempenho organizacional de cooperativas de transportes de pessoas no estado da Paraíba. Para tal utilizou-se de pesquisa básica, descritiva, documental e de campo, com abordagem quali-quantitativa a partir de questionários aplicados a sujeitos, selecionados por amostragem estratificada proporcional, de uma população de 260 associados e com a realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas aos presidentes das cooperativas de transportes de pessoas. Às análises quantitativas utilizou-se o software SPSS 8.0 e para as avaliações qualitativas trabalhou-se a análise do conteúdo das palavras. Aos resultados, identificou-se que a primeira cooperativa da Paraíba foi moldada as Caixas Rurais Raiffeisen; aos aspectos constitutivos das organizações tem-se que elas são formadas por em sua maioria por homens casados com idade média de 45 anos e com grau de instrução, o ensino médio. O faturamento médio mensal, por cooperado, é de dois mil reais e a carga de trabalho semanal destes é de 65-84h. Aos resultados alcançados pelos sócios comprova-se a dependência deles a atuação da cooperativa. A análise de solvência revelou que as cooperativas estudadas têm a capacidade de cumprir seus compromissos financeiros. E, quanto as variáveis influenciadoras do desempenho organizacional, resulta que elas estão alinhadas aos elementos estruturantes internos responsabilidade, poder, liderança, comando e Controle.

The thesis deals with project of a textbook for commercial Academmies. The theme is a legal form of business (profitable organization). The project is made in such a way the students get total information on this problems. The project is for the students of higher classes. The project consists of o theoretical part and a practical part which is intended for verification of knowledge gained.